A rare case of follicular lymphoma transformed to a high-grade B-cell lymphoma in orbit

Transformation of lymphoma is an infrequent phenomenon, and involvement of the eye as such is even uncommon. Histological transformation in patients with follicular lymphoma who were previously treated with immune-chemotherapy carry a poor outcome. Here, we illustrate such a case with aggressive histological transformation from a low-grade lymphoma

A Literature Study on Memristors

As per Moore’s law, the number of transistors in a dense integrated circuit doubles every two years and this has been the root of years of economic and technical revolution. There has been a significant decrease in the size of electronic devices we use, and correspondingly the complexity increased. While this shrinking stage is almost at its saturation, whether it it will be five years or fifteen years, this eventually has to stop. So there is a need in electronic design to shift from going increasingly minute to capable. So this literature study is done on memristors, which can add efficiency to our circuits in these lines

Institutional adherence to National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines in neoadjuvant treatment of breast cancer and its correlation to outcomes.

Background: The aim of the study is to assess the adherence to National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines in the neoadjuvant treatment of breast cancer and evaluate its correlation to outcomes. Higher adherence rates correlate with improved survival and are a potential measure of the quality of care. Methods: We screened patients who were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy at our institution for the years 2015 & 2016, a total 46 patients met the criteria. To evaluate adherence we tabulated 8 adherence categories per NCCN. We then screened patients who were only eligible to receive the treatment specific to a certain adherence category. A total adherence rate was calculated by dividing the number of categories for which they underwent intervention by the total number of eligible adherence categories. Rates of pathologic complete response (PCR) and Breast Conservation surgery (BCS) were calculated to measure the outcomes. Results: We had 9 triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), 28 Her2 overexpression (Her2+) and 17 triple positive patients. We had 100% adherence in categories such as, appropriate prechemotherapy evaluation {total eligible patients, n = 46}, completeness of histopathology report (n = 46), use of anti-Her2 antibody drug in patients with Her2 overexpression positive by IHC or FISH (n = 28) and adjuvant radiation therapy (n = 39). In the following categories, adherence rates were as follows, 70% (n = 33) genetic consult, 69% (n = 32) reconstructive surgery, 65% (n = 46) cancer distress screen performed. We could not assess the adherence to reproductive gynecology consult. Our median total adherence rates were 85% for all of the adherence categories in eligible patients. We had PCR and BCS rates of 39% & 41% respectively. Further analysis showed PCR & BCS rates of 46% & 39% in Her2+ patients, 33% & 44% in TNBC patients, 35% & 38% in Doxorubicin treatment and 46% & 39% in anti-Her2 antibody treatment group respectively. Conclusions: Our study shows adherence to NCCN guidelines leads to improved outcomes. To improve quality of care, institutions should closely monitor the adherence to NCCN or other alternative national guidelines

Unexplained pancytopenia in acute myeloid leukemia treatment

Certain histopathological findings have been described in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients during treatment that define the hematologic outcomes. Such entities as bone marrow necrosis and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis have been reported. These often result in severe pancytopenia

A rare case of follicular lymphoma transformed to a high-grade B-cell lymphoma in orbit

Transformation of lymphoma is an infrequent phenomenon, and involvement of the eye as such is even uncommon. Histological transformation in patients with follicular lymphoma who were previously treated with immune-chemotherapy carry a poor outcome. Here, we illustrate such a case with aggressive histological transformation from a low-grade lymphoma

Validation of genome information in real time, including illness mapping and polymorphism

The world of genetics is on the threshold of a new era. With real-time genetic sequencing, researchers can quickly and accurately verify genetic sequences in real time, providing rich information for disease diagnosis and treatment. This technology, combined with disease mapping and genetic polymorphism analysis, is the key to unlocking the mysteries of genetic disorders and developing more effective treatments. This article explores the exciting opportunities and challenges of real-time genetic sequencing and provides a glimpse into the future of personalized medicine and precision medicine. In the present framework, gene dependency networks often change in response to differences in disease types. A main goal of genomic research is to determine if and how these networks are formed between the two disease states. An innovative asymmetric network inference method is proposed to detect the alteration of gene networks by integrating information about gene expression and mutations. The subgroup bridge penalty mechanism is used to distinguish commonalities and differences between different data types. The goal of the modification process is to identify individuals at high risk of disease and then recommend either a specific diet or other natural remedies based on the results of the genetic screening procedure

The Future of Immunotherapy-Based Combination Therapy in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma

In the past two decades, there has been a significant improvement in the understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC). These insights in the biological pathways have resulted in the development of multiple agents targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), as well as inhibitors of the mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. Most recently, checkpoint inhibitors were shown to have excellent clinical efficacy. Although the patients are living longer, durable complete responses are rarely seen. Historically, high dose interleukin 2 (IL2) therapy has produced durable complete responses in 5% to 8% highly selected patients—albeit with significant toxicity. A durable complete response is a surrogate for a long-term response in the modern era of targeted therapy and checkpoint immunotherapy. Numerous clinical trials are currently exploring the combination of immunotherapy with various targeted therapeutic agents to develop therapies with a higher complete response rate with acceptable toxicity. in this study, we provide a comprehensive review of multiple reported and ongoing clinical trials evaluating the combination of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors with either ipilimumab (a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4, CTLA-4 inhibitor) or with anti-VEGF targeted therapy