The neuropsychiatric profile of Parkinson's disease subjects with and without mild cognitive impairment

Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are common clinical features of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, NPS profiles in PD subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) have scarcely been investigated. We aimed to describe the NPS profiles of non-demented PD subjects with and without MCI. A total of 410 non-demented PD subjects were included. Of these, 164 were cognitively normal PD subjects (PD-cn), 142 PD had amnestic MCI (PD-aMCI), and 104 had PD with non-amnestic MCI (PD-naMCI). NPS were evaluated in accordance with the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). PD-aMCI subjects revealed the highest NPS burden, followed by PD-naMCI and then PD-cn. Overall, the most common NPS in PD-MCI were in order: depression, sleep disturbance, anxiety and apathy. Irritability was significantly associated with PD-aMCI and PD-naMCI. Prospective studies are required to evaluate the significance, clinical correlates and prognostic role of NPS in subject with PD-MCI

Prevalence and profile of mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The frequency of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in Parkinson's disease (PD) ranges from 19 to 40%, and this is probably due to methodological differences between the studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and profile of MCI in a large sample of nondemented PD subjects and neurologically healthy subjects (NHS). METHODS: A total of 872 subjects (582 controls and 290 PD) were included. The association between MCI and PD was tested, using logistic regression models; odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. RESULTS: Fifty-three percent of PD subjects and 45% NHS met the criteria for MCI (p = 0.001). The PD subjects showed a higher frequency of nonamnestic MCI (naMCI), compared to NHS (23.8 vs. 14.4%, p ≤ 0.0001). In comparison to NHS, PD was associated with a univariate OR of 1.9 (95% CI = 1.3-2.8) for naMCI, and this association was marginally significant after multiple comparisons (multivariate OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 0.96-2.3, p = 0.077). CONCLUSION: The association between PD and the impairment of nonmemory domains is probably due to frontal-subcortical involvement, which characterizes the disease

Metabolic syndrome, mild cognitive impairment and dementia: data from the cognitive impairment through aging

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