Utilizzo del pisello proteico in alternativa alla farina di estrazione di soia in un allevamento biologico di bovine da latte

Utilizzazione del pisello proteico in alternativa alla farina di estrazione di soia in un allevamento biologico di bovine da latte. Nella sperimentazione è stata verificata la possibilità di impiego del pisello proteico in sostituzione totale della farina di estrazione di soia nel concentrato destinato a bovine da latte allevate in regime biologico. Sono state utilizzate 14 bovine di razza Bruna suddivise in due gruppi omogenei ognuno alimentato, per l’intera durata della prova (292 d), con uno dei due diversi concentrati. La produzione di latte non si è differenziata fra i gruppi, sebbene le bovine che ricevevano il pisello proteico abbiano prodotto, rispetto alla soia, una quantità di latte maggiore di 1,2 kg/d per capo, senza mostrare alcuna variazione nei principali componenti chimici e nei parametri di attitudine alla coagulazione del latte, ad eccezione di una tendenza alla riduzione del livello di urea. I risultati dimostrano la validità della utilizzazione del pisello proteico come fonte proteica in totale sostituzione della farina di estrazione di soia nella dieta di bovine da latte caratterizzate da produzioni medie non elevate

Effect of substitution of barley and tickbean to maize and extruded soybean in the diet on milk and cheese from ewes grazing under two different stocking rates.

This experiment aimed to verify the effects of a concentrate supplement based on barley and tickbean (BT), compared with a concentrate of maize and extruded soybean meal (MS), on milk and cheese yield and composition of ewes grazing with different stocking rate (SR). Thirty two Comisana ewes, divided into four groups, for 50 days in spring were allowed to graze plots of a mixed sward of Italian reygrass and berseem clover with a low (LSR, 23 ewes/ha) or a high SR (HSR, 38 ewes/ha) and fed BT or MS. Herbage allowance per ewe was more than double at LSR compared to HSR (P<0.001), and daily milk yield was 10 to 15% higher (P<0.01) in the LSR-BT ewes than in the other groups. Milk composition, cheese yield and composition were not influenced by treatments. Curd firming time (k20) was higher (P<0.05) for LSR-BT milk. Milk fatty acid composition of ewes fed MS, compared to BT, had a higher level of C18:0 and a lower level of C16:0 and C18:3 n-3. Milk trans-10 C18:1 and trans-13 C18:1 fatty acids were higher (P<0.05) at HSR and with BT, while trans-12 C18:1 was higher at LSR (P<0.05). LSR increased (P<0.05) the cheese content of odd and branched chain fatty acids compared to HSR. The results suggest that both concentrate type and pasture availability influenced milk and cheese composition, whereas milk yield was positively affected by the interaction LSR*BT

Effetti del pascolamento della sulla e/o della loiessa per 8 o 24 ore sul comportamento alimentare e sulla produzione lattiero-casearia di pecore Comisane

This experiment aimed to examine the effects of the utilization of monocultures of ryegrass (R), sulla (S) or both of them (RS), and the prolongation of daily grazing from 8 h (8:00-16:00) to 24 h, evaluating behaviour, selectivity, intake and milk and cheese production of ewes at pasture. The experiment involved 42 Comisana ewes averaging 146±55 days in milk, divided into 6 homogeneous groups which, since 19th April for 42 days, continuously grazed under a stocking rate of 34 ewes/ha. Ewes involving in eating activity were higher in R and for 24-h grazing, in relation to lower intake rate. RS ewes reduced eating time and increased lying activity. During daytime, the eating gradually decreased in R and RS, whereas was constant in S; during night, eating was concentrated at sunset, especially in R. In RS, ewes showed higher selectivity for sulla than ryegrass. The pasture affected milk yield (563, 669 and 766 g/d for R, RS and S; P<0.001), superior for S ewes, in correspondence of their higher herbage intake (1126, 1210 and 1464 g/d of DM for R, RS and S; P<0.001). S milk was higher in casein (4.49, 4.54 and 4.72% for R, RS and S; P<0.05) and, as a consequence of higher protein intake of ewes, in urea (40.3, 46.5 and 51.2 mg/dl for R, RS and S; P<0.001). When grazing was extended to 24 h, herbage intake (1349 vs 1184 g/d of DM; P<0.001) and milk yield (725 vs 608 g/d; P<0.001) increased, whereas milk fat decreased (6.98 vs. 7.36%; P<0.05). S forage and 24-h grazing significantly improved BCS of ewes. Both sulla utilization and 24-h grazing induced in cheese a fat reduction and a total nitrogen increase, whereas cheese from sulla forage showed a more intense yellow colour. At triangle test, cheeses S8 and S24 were different (P<0.05). Results showed that sulla herbage may really constitute the exclusive forage source in diet of ewes and, when possible, the extension of daily grazing time more than 8 h is advantageous