THE IMPACT OF FIXED DENTURES ON THE TISSUES OF THE ORAL CAVITY AND THE COURSE OF GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASES

The article presents the results of scientific research on the negative impact of fixed denture structures on the tissues of the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract in patients with chronic gastritis. The relevance of the work lies in the fact that orthopedic treatment not only eliminates aesthetic defects, restores the impaired function of the dentoalveolar system, but also has a significant preventive value for the prevention of gastrointestinal diseases. The aim of our research was to study the effect of fixed dentures made of different structural materials on the tissues of the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract in chronic gastritis. Objects and methods of the study. We examined patients of the gastroenterological department who were inpatients with chronic gastritis and used fixed dentures. The examination took into account complaints of burning sensation, itching, redness of the gingival mucosa, gingival swelling, increased salivation or dryness in the oral cavity, heightened perception of acidity and the presence of microcurrents in the oral cavity; type of denture and visually determined the material from which it is made; compliance of the denture with clinical and technological requirements, the period of its use, diagnosis of the underlying disease for which the patient is undergoing inpatient treatment. Study results and conclusions. According to the results of the study, it was found that out of 86 patients examined, 44 patients (51.16%) of both groups used soldered bridges, 42 (48.84%) full-cast bridges. Pathological manifestations of the negative effects of soldered dentures in the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract were detected in 41 of 44 patients, which is 47.7% of the total number of patients examined. Out of 42 patients (48.84%) in both groups, 11 (12.8%) had full-cast bridges. Soldered bridges cause 35% more complications in the oral cavity and digestive system than full-cast dentures. Negative manifestations and exacerbation of somatic pathology when using fixed dentures are observed 3 times more often in patients with hyperacid gastritis

GUSTATION STUDY IN THE PERIOD OF PATIENTS’ ADAPTATION TO REMOVABLE LAMINAR DENTURES

Introduction. Worsening of gustatory perception and decrease of the ability to identify and distinguish the main tastes deprives the individual of food pleasure and reduces quality of life. While growing older many people experience deterioration of gustatory perception, leading to severe consequences, resulted in loss of appetite, malnutrition, causing the exacerbation of chronic diseases, the occurrence of new pathology due to depletion of vitamins, proteins, carbohydrates. A number of factors, such as smoking, harmful production conditions and the effect of toxic substances, as well as drugs, narcotic and psychotropic substances, the presence of fillings or dentures in the oral cavity can significantly affect the gustation threshold. Currently, the main group of materials for removable dentures manufacturing is made up by the polymers, i.e., acrylic resins, the process of polymerization of which is run according to free-radical mechanism with the formation of the primary free radicals from the monomer molecules, which further polymerization. The main toxigenic factor of acrylic resins is a monomer, especially its part that is not undergone the reaction of polymerization and is called the “residual monomer”. Many studies have been made on negative effect of the monomer on the tissues of prosthetic bed. It has been proved by evidence that the residual monomer, even in small quantities, reduces the activity of the lysozyme in the oral fluid, causing the blastomatous growth of the epithelium. The manufacturing technology, the quality of the material itself and the monomer/polymer ratio affect the level of the residual monomer in dentures. The purpose if the study was the analysis of the extension of changes in gustatory perception in edentulous patients before and after dental prosthetics according to subjective evidence and study of gustation threshold during the adaptation to dentures. Results and Discussion. The paper presents the results of the study of the extension of changes in gustatory perception in edentulous patients before and after dental prosthetics according to subjective evidence and study of gustation threshold during the adaptation to dentures. Many edentulous patients after denture attachment have had complaints as for the deterioration or even loss of taste, they were experiencing in the early period of use of the removable dentures. The analysis of the publications has showed that the problem of gestation recovery in patients during the period of adaptation to full dentures, the effect of residual monomer on the state of gustatory perception has not been fully elucidated. The analysis of 153 questionnaires of the surveyed patients has found that all patients have experienced deterioration of gustatory perception after the complete loss of teeth, while 74,5% of patients have pointed to the worsening of gustation, and 25% have noted the complete loss of taste. 99 (64,6%) of the 153 patients have pointed to the deterioration of the perception of sour and salty; 57 (37,2%) patients have reported about worsening of perception of sweet. Almost all the patients have experienced no change in perception of bitter after tooth loss. The studies have found the worsening of gustatory perception in the first month of using the full dentures in almost of 95% of patients. The significant growth of gustation threshold on the average of 50% has been observed from 7 to 21 days after denture remove. The greatest worsening has been observed in patients’ gustatory perception of sour and salty

MORPHOLOGY OF GLANDULAR AREA OF HARD PALATE MUCOSA IN INTACT ALBINO RATS

Some reports state that the morphology, histochemistry and innervation of mucous membrane in rats are quite similar to that in humans. Most experimental studies on the impact of certain factors on the human body involve laboratory animals, rats in particular. In our previous experimental studies we used rats to study the effect of acrylic monomer on salivary glands in order to further extrapolate data to the morphological features of minor salivary glands of rats and humans. This study was aimed at investigating morphology of glandular area of the hard palate mucosa of intact albino rats with subsequent extrapolation of the results obtained to human body. The experimental studies were conducted on adult Wistar rats aged 1 to 1.5 years. The light microscopy (slight magnification) of transverse sections of the hard palate mucosa samples of albino rats revealed the mucous membrane and well-developed submucous layer with numerous minor salivary glands within its structure. The findings confirm the similarity between the structure of minor salivary glands of rats and humans that supports the rational choice of experimental animals for subsequent extrapolation of the resulting data.</jats:p

TECHNIQUES TO STUDY INDICATORS OF TEMPERATURE IN FOUNDATION AREA AND PRESSURE ONTO THE MUCOUS MEMBRANE FROM REMOVABLE LAMINAR DENTURES

The analysis of the literature has shown that few scientists have dealt with the study of changes in the temperature of the mucous membrane under the base of the removable prosthesis and effects caused by its pressure onto the underlying tissues. There have been even less data on the techniques, which enable to investigate such indicators in the oral cavity, especially in patients using removable laminar dentures. The purpose of this work is to carry out a comparative analysis of the existing methods to determine the temperature indices in the foundation area mucosa and the pressure indices on it from complete removable laminar dentures made of acrylic plastics and to design and test a devices for measuring temperature and tissue pressure in the foundation area mucosa from removable plate dentures. This will enable to evaluate the foundation area condition in a particular patient more accurately as well as to track the dynamic changes during the adaptation to the dentures and in remote terms that consequently will lead to achieving the minimal differences in obtaining results, will improve the diagnostic process by measuring physical parameters affecting the state of the foundation area. We have designed and proposed a device for measuring the pressure and temperature of the mucous membrane under the denture base, which was given a utility model patent. The proposed device for measuring temperature and pressure under the removable denture by improving its design and functionality are effective in measuring the pressure and temperature, the dependence of temperature on the pressure; its action is based on involving several pressure and temperature sensors and this allows us obtain average results visualized on the screen of the device, to carry data to a computer and their following processing.</jats:p