3 research outputs found
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ² Π½Π° ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ ΡΠ Π² ΠΌΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΊΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ 1Π ΠΠ Π‘
Purpose of the study: To determine the possibility of a non-invasive evaluation of the biologically active substances (BAS) effect on the rate of a pH level restoration in a muscle after a maximum load using 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS).Materials and methods. Creatine monohydrate and beta-alanine were taken as tested biologically active substances, used according to the manufacturer's recommendations. At the first stage, calibration curves of a pH dependence on the magnitude of chemical shifts were plotted during assigning 1H spectra of model carnosine dipeptide solutions for non-invasive determination of intramuscular pH. Further experiments were carried out on laboratory animals (mice) using a 9 T NMR spectrometer Bruker Advance III WB 400MHz WB (Bruker, Germany). In experiments on volunteers the functional test pwc170 was used for assessing the ergogenic effects of biologically active substances on rectus quadriceps femoris. The test allows to achieve the level of myocytes cytoplasm acidification with lactate, and the effectiveness of functional biologically active substances on endurance, and also the function of aerobic systems by the muscle pH rate of recovery. Detection was performed using a high-field magnetic resonance imaging scanner (Philips Healthcare, Achieva 3.0T, North Braband, The Netherlands) and two SENSE Flex-L surface ring radiofrequency coils.Results. The effect of oral intake of creatine and beta-alanine on the restoration of rectus quadriceps femoris muscle pH after an acidification of the myocytes cytoplasm with lactate was evaluated using the 1H MRS method. Reproducible results with optimal signal-to-noise ratios and width of carnosine spectral peaks were achieved in volunteers using individual protocols and 1H MRS at 3T in the quadriceps femoris. Animal experiments have highlighted the need to develop and use more accurate techniques for voxel extraction and fat suppression during in vivo 1H spectroscopy to reliably capture the chemical shifts of carnosine peaks.Conclusion. The data obtained using 1H MRS on volunteers allow us to conclude that the developed method makes it possible to non-invasively assess the effect of biologically active substances on the rate of restoration of pH level in a muscle after a critical load in real time in vivo.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ: Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ (1Π ΠΠ Π‘) ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΠ΅Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ Π±Π΅ΡΠ°-Π°Π»Π°Π½ΠΈΠ½Π° Π½Π° ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ ΡΠ Π² ΠΌΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΊΠΈ.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ² (ΠΠΠ) Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²Π·ΡΡΡ ΠΊΡΠ΅Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΈ Π±Π΅ΡΠ°-Π°Π»Π°Π½ΠΈΠ½, ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ. ΠΠ° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ ΠΎΡ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ½ΡΡΠΈΠΈ 1Π ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ½Π° Π΄Π»Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ. ΠΠ°Π»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Π½Π° Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
(ΠΌΡΡΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ BALB/c) Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ 9 Π’Π» Π―ΠΠ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ° Bruker Advance III WB 400 ΠΠΡ WB (Bruker, Germany). Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ°Π³ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Π½Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΠΠ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΡΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅Ρ
Π³Π»Π°Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΡΡΡΠ΅ Π±Π΅Π΄ΡΠ°. ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΡΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΡ pwc170 Π² Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏ-ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΡ ΠΌΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² Π»Π°ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΠΠ Π½Π° Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°Ρ Π²ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ ΡΠ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΡΡΡΡ. ΠΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠ΅Π΅ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠ° (Philips Healthcare, Achieva 3.0 TΠ», North Braband, the Nederlands) ΠΈ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊ SENSE Flex-L.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ 1Π ΠΠ Π‘ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΊΡΠ΅Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ Π±Π΅ΡΠ°-Π°Π»Π°Π½ΠΈΠ½Π° Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ ΠΏΡΡΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅Ρ
Π³Π»Π°Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΡΡΡΡ Π±Π΅Π΄ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΡ ΠΌΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² Π»Π°ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΊΠΈΡ
Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠΊΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»Π° ΠΎΡ ΠΆΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ in vivo 1H ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π½Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ½Π°. Π‘ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄Π»Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»/ΡΡΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ½Π° Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ 1H ΠΠ Π‘ ΠΏΡΠΈ 3 TΠ» Π² ΠΏΡΡΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅Ρ
Π³Π»Π°Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΡΡΡΠ΅ Π±Π΅Π΄ΡΠ°.ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ 1Π ΠΠ Π‘ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π½Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΠΠ Π½Π° ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ ΡΠ Π² ΠΌΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΊΠΈ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ in vivo
Search for Ancestral Features in Genomes of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae Strains Isolated from the Relict Legume Vavilovia formosa
Vavilovia formosa is a relict leguminous plant growing in hard-to-reach habitats in the rocky highlands of the Caucasus and Middle East, and it is considered as the putative closest living relative of the last common ancestor (LCA) of the Fabeae tribe. Symbionts of Vavilovia belonging to Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae compose a discrete group that differs from the other strains, especially in the nucleotide sequences of the symbiotically specialised (sym) genes. Comparison of the genomes of Vavilovia strains with the reference group composed of R. leguminosarum bv. viciae strains isolated from Pisum and Vicia demonstrated that the vavilovia strains have a set of genomic features, probably indicating the important stages of microevolution of the symbiotic system. Specifically, symbionts of Vavilovia (considered as an ancestral group) demonstrated a scattered arrangement of sym genes (>90 kb cluster on pSym), with the location of nodT gene outside of the other nod operons, the presence of nodX and fixW, and the absence of chromosomal fixNOPQ copies. In contrast, the reference (derived) group harboured sym genes as a compact cluster (<60 kb) on a single pSym, lacking nodX and fixW, with nodT between nodN and nodO, and possessing chromosomal fixNOPQ copies. The TOM strain, obtained from nodules of the primitive “Afghan” peas, occupied an intermediate position because it has the chromosomal fixNOPQ copy, while the other features, the most important of which is presence of nodX and fixW, were similar to the Vavilovia strains. We suggest that genome evolution from the ancestral to the derived R. leguminosarum bv. viciae groups follows the “gain-and-loss of sym genes” and the “compaction of sym cluster” strategies, which are common for the macro-evolutionary and micro-evolutionary processes. The revealed genomic features are in concordance with a relict status of the vavilovia strains, indicating that V. formosa coexists with ancestral microsymbionts, which are presumably close to the LCA of R. leguminosarum bv. viciae