Arterial Stiffness Parameters and Subendocardial Viability Ratio in Patients with Arterial Hypertension Affected by Subclinical and Clinical Atherosclerosis

Aim. Assessment the arteries' stiffness parameters and subendocardial viability ratio in hypertensive patients with various degrees of severity of the atherosclerotic process manifestation.Material and methods. 133 hypertensive patients were divided into 3 groups, similar in age and sex, depending on the severity of the atherosclerotic process: hypertensive patients without atherosclerosis (n=42; 53.3±7.6 years); patients with hypertension and  subclinical  atherosclerosis  (SА) (n=52; 56.5±8.0 years); patients with hypertension and coronary artery disease (CAD) (n=39; 57.4±6.8years) and control group which consisted of individuals without cardiovascular diseases (n=33; 54.6±8.4 years). All participants underwent 24-hour blood pressure monitoring with assessment of arterial stiffness parameters and subendocardial viability ratio (SERV).Results. Subjects from all groups with hypertension have significantly higher mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) (131.1±11.9, 127.8±14.8, 128.6±15.3 respectively; p<0.001), as well as central systolic blood pressure (SBPao) (122.0±11.0, 118.8±12.7, 119.9±13.3 respectively; p<0.001), pulse pressure (PP) (46.4±9.8, 45.6±10.6, 48.9±12.0 respectively; p<0.05) and central pulse pressure (PPao) (35.5±8.5, 34.9±8.5, 38.5±9.6 respectively; p<0.05), pulse wave velocity in aorta (PWVao) (11.3±1.5, 12.3±1.8, 11.5±1.7 respectively; p<0.05) compared with control group (SBP 116.3±7.3; SBPao 108.9±6.4, PP 39.9±6.5, PPao 30.9±5.4, PWVao 10.4±1.3). In hypertensive patients with SA, PWVao was significantly higher compared to other groups (p<0.05). With bringing the indicator to SBP 100 mmHg and HR=60 beats/min, there were no differences between the control group and the group with hypertension (p=0.3), also groups with hypertension+SA and hypertension+CAD did not significantly differ from each other (p=0.6). SERV in subjects with hypertension+SA was significantly lower than in patients with hypertension (p<0.05) and no significant differences were detected with the group with hypertension+CAD (p=0.77).Conclusions. In hypertensive patients with SA, a decrease in subendocardial perfusion is associated with an increase in pulse wave velocity in aorta. Moreover, such a decrease in perfusion approaches to the values of patients suffering from coronary artery disease, which indicates significant changes in the small vessels of the heart that form the coronary reserve

Estimation of the nutritional value of raw materials and cooked dishes in school dining rooms of Yekaterinburg

This article provides an assessment of the nutritional value of raw materials and ready-made meals from school canteens. Based on the results of the assessment, a large range of values of the nutritional value of raw materials was revealed, which may indicate its different quality, which is not taken into account in the preparation of technical documentation and menus, which leads to a distortion of the actual data on ready meals and rations in general. It is necessary to revise the approaches to accounting for nutritional value and the formation of the ingredient composition of ready-made mealsВ данной статье приведена оценка пищевой ценности сырья и готовых блюд из школьных столовых. По результатам оценки выявлен большой диапазон значений пищевой ценности сырья, что может свидетельствовать о различном его качестве, которое не учитывается при составлении технической документации и меню, приводя к искажению фактических данных в готовых блюдах и рационах в целом. Необходимо пересмотреть подходы к учету пищевой ценности и формированию ингредиентного состава готовых блю

Assessment of attractiveness of food in educational institutions

The questions of satisfaction and attractiveness of children's nutrition in school canteens, depending on the organizers of the food were considered in the article. The parents' awareness about meals for children at school was analyzed. The schools in which the largest number of children gave a low assessment of nutrition were determined and the reasons for this assessment were installedВ статье рассмотрены вопросы удовлетворенности и привлекательности питания детей в школьных столовых в зависимости от организаторов питания. Проведен анализ осведомленности родителей о питании школьников. Выявлены школы, в которых наибольшее количество детей дали низкую оценку питанию и установлены причины, такой оценк

Clinical features of post-COVID-19 period. Results of the international register “Dynamic analysis of comorbidities in SARS-CoV-2 survivors (AKTIV SARS-CoV-2)”. Data from 6-month follow-up

Aim. To study the clinical course specifics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and comorbid conditions in COVID-19 survivors 3, 6, 12 months after recovery in the Eurasian region according to the AKTIV register. Material and methods.The AKTIV register was created at the initiative of the Eurasian Association of Therapists. The AKTIV register is divided into 2 parts: AKTIV 1 and AKTIV 2. The AKTIV 1 register currently includes 6300 patients, while in AKTIV 2 — 2770. Patients diagnosed with COVID-19 receiving in- and outpatient treatment have been anonymously included on the registry. The following 7 countries participated in the register: Russian Federation, Republic of Armenia, Republic of Belarus, Republic of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Republic of Moldova, Republic of Uzbekistan. This closed multicenter register with two nonoverlapping branches (in- and outpatient branch) provides 6 visits: 3 in-person visits during the acute period and 3 telephone calls after 3, 6, 12 months. Subject recruitment lasted from June 29, 2020 to October 29, 2020. Register will end on October 29, 2022. A total of 9 fragmentary analyzes of the registry data are planned. This fragment of the study presents the results of the post-hospitalization period in COVID-19 survivors after 3 and 6 months. Results. According to the AKTIV register, patients after COVID-19 are characterized by long-term persistent symptoms and frequent seeking for unscheduled medical care, including rehospitalizations. The most common causes of unplanned medical care are uncontrolled hypertension (HTN) and chronic coronary artery disease (CAD) and/or decompensated type 2 diabetes (T2D). During 3- and 6-month follow-up after hospitalization, 5,6% and 6,4% of patients were diagnosed with other diseases, which were more often presented by HTN, T2D, and CAD. The mortality rate of patients in the post-hospitalization period was 1,9% in the first 3 months and 0,2% for 4-6 months. The highest mortality rate was observed in the first 3 months in the group of patients with class II-IV heart failure, as well as in patients with cardiovascular diseases and cancer. In the pattern of death causes in the post-hospitalization period, following cardiovascular causes prevailed (31,8%): acute coronary syndrome, stroke, acute heart failure. Conclusion. According to the AKTIV register, the health status of patients after COVID-19 in a serious challenge for healthcare system, which requires planning adequate health system capacity to provide care to patients with COVID-19 in both acute and post-hospitalization period

Pathogenesis-based preexposure prophylaxis associated with a low risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare workers at a designated COVID-19 hospital: a pilot study

Abstract Background At present, no agents are known to be effective at preventing COVID-19. Based on current knowledge of the pathogenesis of this disease, we suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infection might be attenuated by directly maintaining innate pulmonary redox, metabolic and dilation functions using well-tolerated medications that are known to serve these functions, specifically, a low-dose aerosolized combination of glutathione, inosine and potassium. Methods From June 1 to July 10, 2020, we conducted a pilot, prospective, open-label, single-arm, single-center study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with aerosolized combination medication (ACM) on the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 positivity in 99 healthcare workers (HCWs) at a hospital designated for treating COVID-19 patients. We compared SARS-CoV-2 positivity in ACM users to retrospective data collected from 268 untreated HCWs at the same hospital. Eligible participants received an aerosolized combination of 21.3 mg/ml glutathione and 8.7 mg/ml inosine in 107 mM potassium solution for 14 days. The main outcome was the frequency of laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases, defined as individuals with positive genetic or immunological tests within 28 days of the study period. Results SARS-CoV-2 was detected in 2 ACM users (2, 95% CI: 0.3 to 7.1%), which was significantly less than the incidence in nonusers, at 24 (9, 95% CI: 5.8 to 13.0%; P = 0.02). During the PrEP period, solicited adverse events occurred in five participants; all were mild and transient reactions. Conclusions Our findings might be used either to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection or to support ongoing and new research into more effective treatments for COVID-19. Trial registration ISRCTN, ISRCTN34160010 . Registered 14 September 2020 - Retrospectively registered

Распределение областей упругих и пластических деформаций, возникающих при сжатии слоя двумя жесткими параллельными плитами

A problem of distribution of zones of elastic and plastic deformation appearing in a layer of elasto-plastic material under compression by two rigid parallel plates, for the case of plane strain state with Tresca – Saint-Venant yield criterion is solved. The technique based on application of conservation laws is used to solve the problemВ работе решена задача о распределении областей упругого и пластического деформирования, возникающих в слое упруго-пластического материала, сжимаемого двумя жесткими параллельными плитами, для случая плоского деформированного состояния с условием текучести Треска – Сен-Венана. При решении задачи была использована методика, основанная на применении законов сохранени

Новые классы решений динамических задач пластичности

Dynamical problems of the theory of plasticity have not been adequately studied. Dynamical problems arise in various fields of science and engineering but the complexity of original differential equations does not allow one to construct new exact solutions and to solve boundary value problems correctly. One-dimensional dynamical problems are studied rather well but two-dimensional problems cause major difficulties associated with nonlinearity of the main equations. Application of symmetries to the equations of plasticity allow one to construct some exact solutions. The best known exact solution is the solution obtained by B.D. Annin. It describes non-steady compression of a plastic layer by two rigid plates. This solution is a linear one in spatial variables but includes various functions of time. Symmetries are also considered in this paper. These symmetries allow transforming exact solutions of steady equations into solutions of non-steady equations. The obtained solution contains 5 arbitrary functionsДинамические задачи – это наименее изученная область теории пластичности. Динамические задачи возникают в самых разных областях техники и науки, но сложность исходных дифференциальных уравнений не позволяют строить точные решения и корректно численно решать краевые задачи. Неплохо исследованы одномерные динамические задачи пластичности, но уже двумерные вызывают непреодолимые математические сложности, вызванные нелинейностью основных уравнений. Изучение симметрий уравнений пластичности позволило построить некоторые точные решения. Наиболее известное из них это решение Б.Д.Аннина, описывающее нестационарное сжатие пластического слоя жесткими плитами. Это решение линейно по пространственным переменным, но в него входят произвольные функции времени. В предлагаемой работе также используются симметри