Obtaining neodymium from melts by electrolysis

The mechanism of electrode reactions at electrochemical obtaining neodymium and neodymium-iron alloy from fluoride oxide systems has been studied. Current-voltage dependences of electrochemical processes in melts containing fluorine salts of lithium, potassium, sodium and neodymium oxide were analyzed. Neodymium current yield values, optimal process variables: current density, temperature, melt composition were determined. Electrolyzers constructions were optimized, experimental-industrial electrolyzer was designed, process instrument flow diagram was develope

Формирование и свойства композитных гетеросистем на основе макропористого кремния, графитоподобного нитрида углерода и полупроводниковых соединений

The possibility of pyrolytic synthesis of composite heterosystems based on macroporous silicon, graphitic carbon nitride and wide band semiconductors zinc oxide and zinc sulfide (g-C3N4/ZnO/ZnS) from a mechanical mixture of thiourea and zinc acetate at 500 – 600 °C was shown. The obtained material study by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy showed a uniform filling of macroporous silicon with the composite g-C3N4/ZnO/ZnS with the formation of a continuous composite film on the surface. The photoluminescence of the samples was controlled by the synthesis temperature. Increase of photoluminescence leads to shift of luminescence maximum in high energy range from 544 to 516 nm. It was found that photocatalytic activity of composite heterosystems obtained at a lower temperature is higher due to more developed surface morphology and smaller bandgap width. The materials obtained can be used to create photocatalytic coatings and functional layers of optoelectronic devices.Показана возможность пиролитического синтеза композитных гетеросистем на основе макропористого кремния, графитоподобного нитрида углерода и широкозонных полупроводников оксида и сульфида цинка (g-C3N4/ZnO/ZnS) из механической смеси тиомочевины и ацетата цинка при температуре 500 – 600 °C. Исследование полученных материалов методами сканирующей электронной микроскопии и энергодисперсионной рентгеновской спектроскопии показало равномерное заполнение макропористого кремния композитом g-C3N4/ZnO/ZnS с образованием сплошной композитной пленки на поверхности. Фотолюминесценция образцов контролируется температурой синтеза. Ее увеличение приводит к сдвигу максимума свечения в диапазон больших энергий с 544 на 516 нм. Установлено, что фотокаталитическая активность композитных гетеросистем, полученных при меньшей температуре, выше, что обусловлено более развитой морфологией поверхности и меньшей шириной запрещенной зоны. Полученные материалы могут быть использованы для создания фотокаталитических покрытий и функциональных слоев оптоэлектронных приборов

Geroprotectors in plants

The article considers substances contained in plants that can have a potential geroprotective effect. The search for new geroprotectors is a dynamic direction. Today, this group includes more than 200 drugs, each of which slows down aging. Despite such an impressive rate of discovery, not one of these drugs has yet entered the pharmaceutical market as a drug that can have a geroprotective effect.В статье рассмотрены вещества, содержащиеся в растениях, способные оказывать потенциальный геропротекторный эффект. Поиск новых геропротекторов является динамичным направлением. Сегодня к этой группе относится более 200 препаратов, каждый из которых замедляет старение. Несмотря на столь впечатляющие темпы открытия не один из этих препаратов до сих пор не вышел на фармацевтический рынок в качестве лекарственного средства, способного оказывать геропротекторный эффект

Pitfalls of the Sublinear QAOA-Based Factorization Algorithm

Quantum computing devices are believed to be powerful in solving the prime factorization problem, which is at the heart of widely deployed public-key cryptographic tools. However, the implementation of Shor’s quantum factorization algorithm requires significant resources scaling linearly with the number size; taking into account an overhead that is required for quantum error correction the estimation is that 20 millions of (noisy) physical qubits are required for factoring 2048-bit RSA key in 8 hours. Recent proposal by Yan et al. claims a possibility of solving the factorization problem with sublinear quantum resources. As we demonstrate in our work, this proposal lacks systematic analysis of the computational complexity of the classical part of the algorithm, which exploits the Schnorr’s lattice-based approach. We provide several examples illustrating the need in additional resource analysis for the proposed quantum factorization algorithm

Pitfalls of the sublinear QAOA-based factorization algorithm

Quantum computing devices are believed to be powerful in solving the prime factorization problem, which is at the heart of widely deployed public-key cryptographic tools. However, the implementation of Shor's quantum factorization algorithm requires significant resources scaling linearly with the number size; taking into account an overhead that is required for quantum error correction the estimation is that 20 millions of (noisy) physical qubits are required for factoring 2048-bit RSA key in 8 hours. Recent proposal by Yan et. al. claims a possibility of solving the factorization problem with sublinear quantum resources. As we demonstrate in our work, this proposal lacks systematic analysis of the computational complexity of the classical part of the algorithm, which exploits the Schnorr's lattice-based approach. We provide several examples illustrating the need in additional resource analysis for the proposed quantum factorization algorithm.Comment: 19 pages, 1 figure, 2 tables; algorithm descriptions are extende