Evaluation of the effect of soy protein isolate based milk replacer feeding on digestibility of nutrients and haematobiochemical parameters in cross bred calves

A study was conducted in crossbred calves for a period of 90 days to evaluate the effect of soy protein isolate based milk replacer feeding on digestibility of nutrients and haematobiochemical parameters.Twelve,four-day-old crossbred calveswere selected from University Livestock Farm and Fodder Research and Development Scheme (ULF & FRDS), Mannuthy and were allotted to one of the two dietary treatments. The dietary treatments were T1 (Control) fed with whole milk and T2- fed with soy protein isolate based milk replacer (CP-22 per cent) and milk in the ratio 3:1.To all the experimental animals, calf starter (CP-23 per cent) and adlibitum green grass were offered and were fed according to ICAR (2013). Daily record of quantity of feed (calf starter and milk replacer) andgrass given and balance if any were recorded throughout the experimental period. A digestibility trial for five days duration was carried out towards the end of feeding trial by total collection method. The results revealed similar apparent digestibility of nutrients and haematobiochemical parameters for whole milk and milk replacer fed group

A retrospective study of acute kidney injury in dogs with renal resistive index as a prognostic indicator

Doppler ultrasonography is relatively a new method for evaluation of the renal diseases in dogs. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of renal resistive index (RRI) in diagnosis and prognosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) in dogs and to ascertain its correlationwith other renal parameters. Twenty-seven dogs with AKI along with ten clinically healthy dogs were evaluated. The aetiology of AKI was multifactorial which included viper snake envenomation, pyometra, Babesiagibsoni infection, canine parvo viral infection, Ehrlichiacanis infection, leptospiral infection, bone meal poisoning and tetracycline-induced nephrotoxicity. Dogs with AKI were characterized into five gradesas per the guidelines provided by International Renal Interest Society.Parameters such asblood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, urine output, urine protein-creatinine (UPC) ratio and blood pressure were estimated. Both BUN and creatinine was significantly higher in affected dogs. Majority of the dogs with AKI were oliguric and had the presence of proteinuria, occult blood and leucocytes on urine dipstick examination. Urine Protein-Creatinine ratio was increased whereas no significant variation was noticed in blood pressure of dogs with AKI.B-mode ultrasonography of kidneys revealedrenomegaly, hyperechoic cortex, decreased cortico-medullary differentiation and loss of architecture in majority of the dogs with AKI. Renal resistive index was significantly increased inAKI and a positive correlation was established between RRI and serumcreatinine but not with UPC ratio, blood pressure and size of kidneys. Re-evaluation of RRIseven days post treatment showed considerablereduction. It wasconcludedthat an increase in RRIwas associated with severity of renal parenchymal injuryin AKI and reduction of RRI post-treatment indicated favorable prognosis

Study of risk factors and clinicopathological findings associated with urethral obstruction in tom cats in Kerala

Twelve clinical cases of urethral obstruction in tom cats presented to University Veterinary Hospitals of Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University at Kokkalai and Mannuthythat had undergone urinary diversion procedures on the day of presentation were selected for the study. Signalment and anamnesis of the animals were studied to find the risk factors associated with urethral obstruction. The prevalence of urethral obstruction was found to be higher in uncastrated Persian breed of cats,which were one to two years of age. All cats had history of being fed with dry commercial diet, lowered water intake and living indoor. The stress factors identified were inter-cat conflict, fear, relocation, presence of guests and change in owner’s routine. Haematobiochemical profile of these cats revealed significant changes in haematocrit and total erythrocyte count values.Elevated blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, phosphorus and potassium were observed which significantly reduced following bladder evacuation. Urinalysis revealed haematuria, proteinuria,leukocyturia and struvituriaas frequently encountered findings in tom cats with urethral obstruction

Modelling and Analysis of Bivariate Lifetime Data using Reversed Hazard Rates

Department of Statistics, Cochin University of Science and Technolog