The role of rotation shift settlements for the sustainable development of Russia’s Far North urbanization

Relevance. As permanent settlements in the Russian Far North suffer increasing depopulation, a "shadow" settlement framework is emerging through rotational labor migration. Despite nearly half a century of history, rotational shift work in the North remains largely spontaneous, posing risks to sustainable development.Research Objective. This study examines rotational shift settlements as elements of the population settlement system in the Russian Far North and analyzes their role in transforming the region's settlement patterns.Data and Methods. Data on rotational shift camps were gathered from various open web sources and the Ministry for the Development of the Far East and the Arctic. Information on permanent settlements was obtained from Rosstat (Federal State Statistics Service). The study employed systemic and comparative analysis methods.Results. Unlike other Russian regions, rotational shift settlements in the Far North were initially integrated into the local settlement system. However, socio-economic changes in the 1990s disrupted the established Soviet model of integration, leading to the spontaneous development of these settlements. This unregulated growth poses increasing risks in such areas as ecology and social well-being.Conclusions. To regulate the status of rotational settlements, legislative initiatives should be supported by updated conceptual and terminological frameworks. The urbanization process in this geostrategically important and environmentally vulnerable region must be controlled or at least predictable to ensure timely responses to emergencies

Features of microbiological diagnosis and choice of selective antibiotic therapy in patients with acute cholecystitis

The objective: to improve the results of destructive forms of acute cholecystitis (AC) surgery by the development of antibiotic therapy algorithm and taking into account the severity of the disease according to Tokyo guidelines (2013). Materials and methods: 266 patients having been operated on for AC made up a treatment group and 203 patients - the control one. In 234 treatment group patients microflora’s bacteriological study was carried out and its selective sensitivity to antibiotics was determined. Results and discussion. The AC treatment group patients (n=266) were arranged according to Tokyo guidelines (2013) into 3 grades. Mild course (grade I) consisted of 29 patients (11%), microbiological studies were not conducted. Antibiotic prophylaxis with beta-lactam antibiotics was used. At moderately severe AC (grade II, n = 200, 75%) escalation antibiotic therapy was carried out. At severe disease (grade III, n = 37, 14%) de-escalation antibiotic therapy was performed. Bacteriological studies were conducted in 237 patients with destructive forms of AC, at that 531 microflora isolates were cultured. Intestinal group microorganisms were the most frequently cultured. Beta-lactam antibiotics’ sensitivity was prevailing and constituted 83.3%. The number of suppurations in the treatment group decreased from 9.8% to 4.3%, and mortality rate decreased from 1.48% to 0.75% (

Effect of Chemicals on the Intensity of Peroxide Lipid Oxidation Strains of Mushrooms Flammulina velutipes (Curt. ex fr.) Sing. and Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler

Вивчався вплив хімічних речовин на інтенсивність перекисного окиснення ліпідів (ПОЛ) штамів грибів Flammulina velutipes та Lentinula edodes. Інтенсивність ПОЛ визначали за допомогою тесту з тіобарбітуровою кислотою. Аналіз експериментального матеріалу показує, що під дією різних речовин змінюється вміст малонового діальдегіду (МДА) в досліджуваних зразках. Із плином часу, у більшості випадків, відбувається зменшення відмінності між контрольними і дослідними даними, що свідчить про нормалізацію стану ПОЛ. Изучали влияние химических веществ на интенсивность перекисного окисления липидов (ПОЛ) штаммов грибов Flammulina velutipes и Lentinula edodes. Интенсивность ПОЛ определяли при помощи теста с тиобартуровой кислотой. Анализ экспериментального материала показал, что под влиянием различных веществ изменялось содержание малонового диальдегида (МДА) в исследуемых образцах. Со временем, в большинстве случаев, происходит уменьшение отличий между контрольными и опытными данными, что свидетельствует о нормализации состояния ПОЛ. At given research was studied the effect of chemicals on Peroxide Lipid Oxidation (PLO) process strains of mushrooms Flammulina velutipes and Lentinula edodes. The intensity of PLO was determined by the test with thiobarbituric acid. The analysis of experimental material is showing that the effects of various substances varies the malonic dialdehyde (MDA) content in the samples. Over time, in most cases, there is a decrease differences between the control and experimental data, is showing the normalization of condition PLO.Роботу виконано на кафедрі фізіології рослин ДН

Identification of cement in atmospheric particulate matter using the hybrid method of laser diffraction analysis and Raman spectroscopy

Environmental science; Atmospheric science; Ecology; Environmental chemistry; Environmental pollution; Atmospheric particulate matter, Laser diffraction analysis, PM10, Raman spectroscop

Brand as a part of the strategic development of higher education institution

Branding of education has become an increasingly topical issue; therefore, managers of higher education institutions need to find additional opportunities to make education institutions more competitive and branded. The author considers the questions of necessity of formation and maintenance of an educational brand and its specificity. The article reflects the basic concepts of branding and the main components, which should be included in the educational brand (a unique system of brand signs, the product itself or educational service, the image of the university and the mission and values expressed in the form of promises any benefits). All of this in fact is a brand identity. The article concludes that branding helps education institutions to survive in the competitive market, thus forming the added value to the institution's image.Актуальность исследования обусловлена возрастающей конкуренцией в сфере высшего образования, когда формирование и поддержание бренда - залог стратегического развития вуза. В данной работе автор рассматривает и обосновывает необходимость формирования образовательного бренда и его специфику. В статье отражены основные понятия брендинга и ключевые компоненты, которые должны быть включены в образовательный бренд

MALDI MASS-SPECTROMETRIC ANALYSIS FOR TYPING AND INTRASPECIES DIFFERENTIATION OF CHOLERA VIBRIOS ON THE BASE OF CONSTRUCTION OF THE REFERENCE LIBRARY OF PROTEOMIC PROFILES

Purpose: Construction of a personal relevant database on spectra of V. cholerae strains belonging to different biotypes, serological groups and toxigenic levels, which will allow for the identification, differentiation and comparison of bacterial isolates on the base of analysis of V. cholerae ribosomal protein cell fingerprints.Materials and methods: For the construction of the reference library of mass charges m/z 100 passportized strains from museum collection have been used, characterized by the complex of parameters, namely: by serogroup, biotype, object and year of isolation and by the presence of cholera toxin genes (ctxAB+).Results: As the result of the studies performed the personal database has been developed for the expanded collection of Vibrio cholerae protein spectra in addition to MALDI Biotyper (“Bruker Daltonics”) (Certificate of State Registration for database “Proteomic Profiles of Mass-Spectra of Strains Representing V. cholerae Species for MALDI Biotyper Program” No. 2013620585 of 29.04.2013).Summary: The relevant protein spectra database developed provides the possibility to perform interspecies and partial intraspecies differentiation of V. cholerae О1 and О139 strains on the base of analysis of fingerprints of V. cholerae ribosomal protein cells

俄罗斯远北地区可持续城市化背景下轮换居住区的作用

Received January 31, 2024; accepted May 20, 2024.Дата поступления 31 января 2024 г.; дата принятия к печати 20 мая 2024 г.Relevance. As permanent settlements in the Russian Far North suffer increasing depopulation, a “shadow” settlement framework is emerging through rotational labor migration. Despite nearly half a century of history, rotational shift work in the North remains largely spontaneous, posing risks to sustainable development. Research Objective. This study examines rotational shift settlements as elements of the population settlement system in the Russian Far North and analyzes their role in transforming the region’s settlement patterns. Data and Methods. Data on rotational shift camps were gathered from various open web sources and the Ministry for the Development of the Far East and the Arctic. Information on permanent settlements was obtained from Rosstat (Federal State Statistics Service). The study employed systemic and comparative analysis methods. Results. Unlike other Russian regions, rotational shift settlements in the Far North were initially integrated into the local settlement system. However, socio-economic changes in the 1990s disrupted the established Soviet model of integration, leading to the spontaneous development of these settlements. This unregulated growth poses increasing risks in such areas as ecology and social well-being. Conclusions. To regulate the status of rotational settlements, legislative initiatives should be supported by updated conceptual and terminological frameworks. The urbanization process in this geostrategically important and environmentally vulnerable region must be controlled or at least predictable to ensure timely responses to emergencies.Актуальность. На фоне обезлюдивания постоянных населенных пунктов на территориях Крайнего Севера России посредством вахтовой трудовой миграции продолжает формироваться «теневой» каркас расселения, оказывающий значительное влияние на их актуальную заселенность и освоенность. При этом «вахтовизация» Севера, несмотря на почти полувековую историю, до сих в значительной мере развивается стихийным образом, что представляет фактор риска для устойчивого развития северных территорий. Целью исследования является изучение специфики вахтовых населенных пунктов как элементов системы расселения населения Крайнего Севера России и анализ их роли в современных процессах трансформации опорного каркаса расселения северных регионов. Данные и методы. Информация о вахтовых поселениях собрана из широкого круга открытых интернет-источников; также используются данные Министерства по развитию Дальнего Востока и Арктики, представленные по запросу. Сведения о постоянных населенных пунктах приводятся по публикациям официального сайта Росстата. В исследовании применены методы системного и сравнительного анализа. Результаты. Выявлено, что в отличие от других регионов России вахтовые поселения Крайнего Севера изначально задумывались как неотъемлемая часть местной системы расселения населения. Однако вследствие социально-экономических трансформаций 1990-х гг. «советская» модель интеграции вахтовых населенных пунктов в местную систему расселения стала существенно расходиться с практикой, вследствие чего «вахтовизация» Севера в настоящее время в значительной мере развивается стихийным образом. С учетом все возрастающей роли вахтовой заселенности Севера ее стихийное, нерегламентированное и автономное по отношению к системе постоянного расселения населения развитие является потенциалом все возрастающего риска форс-мажорных ситуаций в самых разных областях – от экологии до социального благополучия территорий. Выводы. Для урегулированности статуса вахтовых поселений, помимо законодательных инициатив, необходима актуализация соответствующего понятийно-терминологического аппарата, на который эти инициативы могли бы опираться, и регламентация подхода к самой специфике северной вахты как одной из форм урбанизации Крайнего Севера. А процессы урбанизации в таком геостратегически важном и в то же время экологически уязвимом регионе должны быть если не управляемыми, то хотя бы минимально предсказуемыми – для своевременной и адекватной реакции на форс-мажоры.现实性：在俄罗斯远北地区永久定居点人口减少的背景下，通过劳务轮 流继续形成“影子”定居点框架，这对其实际人口和发展产生重大影 响。同时，尽管北方地区的“轮班制”已有近半个世纪的历史，但在很 大程度上其仍处于自行发展状态，这是北方领土可持续发展的一个危险 因素。 研究目标：研究俄罗斯远东地区居民定居系统的轮班制具体情况，并分 析其在北方地区定居支持框架现代转型中的作用。 数据与方法：轮换定居点信息来自互联网的公开内容，文章还使用了远 东和北极发展部的数据。永久性定居点信息由俄罗斯统计局官方网站提 供。研究采用了系统分析和比较分析法。 研究结果：研究表明，与俄罗斯其他地区不同，远北地区的轮换定居点 最初被视为当地定居点体系的一个组成部分。然而，由于20世纪90年 代的社会经济转型，将轮换定居纳入当地定居点体系的“苏联”模式开 始与实际情况出现明显背离，因此北部地区的“轮换化”目前在很大程 度上是自行发展的。鉴于轮换住区在北部地区的作用越来越大，其自 发、无管制和自主的发展与人口永久定居制度有关，这有可能给各个领 域——从生态到地区社会福利——带来愈来愈大的不可抗力风险。 结论：为了规范轮换定居点的地位，除了立法举措外，还必须更新相关 概念和术语机制。这些举措可以以此为基础，规范极北地区城市化下的 北移具体方法。在这样一个具有重要地缘战略意义，同时生态环境脆弱 的地区，城市化进程即使不可控，也必须至少是可预测的——以便及 时、充分地应对不可抗力。This publication has been supported by project № 060508-0-000 (RUDN University Scientific Projects Grant System).Публикация выполнена в рамках проекта №060508-0-000 системы грантовой поддержки научных проектов РУДН

MUC1 mucin stabilizes and activates hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha to regulate metabolism in pancreatic cancer

Aberrant glucose metabolism is one of the hallmarks of cancer that facilitates cancer cell survival and proliferation. Here, we demonstrate that MUC1, a large, type I transmembrane protein that is overexpressed in several carcinomas including pancreatic adenocarcinoma, modulates cancer cell metabolism to facilitate growth properties of cancer cells. MUC1 occupies the promoter elements of multiple genes directly involved in glucose metabolism and regulates their expression. Furthermore, MUC1 expression enhances glycolytic activity in pancreatic cancer cells. We also demonstrate that MUC1 expression enhances in vivo glucose uptake and expression of genes involved in glucose uptake and metabolism in orthotopic implantation models of pancreatic cancer. The MUC1 cytoplasmic tail is known to activate multiple signaling pathways through its interactions with several transcription factors/coregulators at the promoter elements of various genes. Our results indicate that MUC1 acts as a modulator of the hypoxic response in pancreatic cancer cells by regulating the expression/stability and activity of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). MUC1 physically interacts with HIF-1α and p300 and stabilizes the former at the protein level. By using a ChIP assay, we demonstrate that MUC1 facilitates recruitment of HIF-1α and p300 on glycolytic gene promoters in a hypoxia-dependent manner. Also, by metabolomic studies, we demonstrate that MUC1 regulates multiple metabolite intermediates in the glucose and amino acid metabolic pathways. Thus, our studies indicate that MUC1 acts as a master regulator of the metabolic program and facilitates metabolic alterations in the hypoxic environments that help tumor cells survive and proliferate under such conditions

A photochemical approach for a fast and self-limited covalent modification of surface supported graphene with photoactive dyes

Herein, we report a simple method for a covalent modification of surface supported graphene with photoactive dyes. Graphene was fabricated on cubic-SiC/Si(001) wafers due to their low cost and suitability for mass-production of continuous graphene fit for electronic applications on millimetre scale. Functionalisation of the graphene surface was carried out in solution via white light induced photochemical generation of phenazine radicals from phenazine diazonium salt. The resulting covalently bonded phenazine-graphene hybrid structure was characterised by scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy (STS), Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. It was found that phenazine molecules form an overlayer, which exhibit a short range order with a rectangular unit cell on the graphene surface. DFT calculations based on STM results reveal that molecules are standing up in the overlayer with the maximum coverage of 0.25 molecules per graphene unit cell. Raman spectroscopy and STM results show that the growth is limited to one monolayer of standing molecules. STS reveals that the phenazine-graphene hybrid structure has a band gap of 0.8 eV

Современные возможности лапароскопической пластики мочепузырно-прямокишечного свища

Современные возможности лапароскопической пластики мочепузырно-прямокишечного свищ