Formal bases of optimization procedures of system-object imitation models of processes and systems

The paper discusses some optimization methods for system-object simulation models of processes and systems. The authors proposed some optimization principles in the article in order to increase the efficiency of the system-object analysis of organizational, business and industrial processes by improving the theoretical and instrumental means of optimizing the system-object simulation model

System-object modeling of quality management system of medical

The article discusses the problems that commercial organizations face when undergoing external audits of the quality management system. The analysis of the domestic practice of certification of quality management systems is presented. The authors propose the use of system-object simulation to improve the efficiency of the quality management system, as well as to simplify the first certification procedur

Accounting for system-wide patterns of conceptual systems in the modeling of conceptual knowledge

This paper discusses the problem of applying the “Unit-Function-Object” system-object approach to conceptual systems. The results of a comparative analysis of the material systems are presented, i.e., phenomena (systems phenomena) and conceptual systems, i.e., classes (system-classes). A universal definition of the “system” concept has been developed that consider both types of systems. Variants of the formal description of the system class are proposed using the apparatus of calculus of objects and descriptive logi

System-objective representation of conceptual knowledge with description logic

The paper describes the possibilities of applying the system-object approach “Unit- Function-Object” in terms of descriptive logic for describing conceptual knowledge. Conceptual knowledge is represented using a hierarchy of conceptual systems. The syntax and semantics of the descriptive logic ALCOIQ and SHOIQ were described. These allow us to justify the structure of the hierarchy of class systems and the mandatory implementation of the principle of monocentrism for conceptual system

Optimization of protective lung ventilation in thoracic surgery

Background: Today protective ventilation is the predominant ventilation methodology. It includes the use of low tidal volume, inspiratory pressure limitation, and the application of positive end-expiratory pressure. However, several retrospective studies have shown that tidal volume, inspiratory pressure, and Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) are not associated with patients’ treatment outcomes, but could be associated only when they influence driving pressure.Objective: Optimization of the strategy of protective one-lung ventilation under the control of driving pressure, to reduce early postoperative respiratory complications in patients operated for lung cancer.Material and methods: A prospective controlled study was conducted on 110 patients undergoing extended anatomical lung resections with subsequent comparison of clinical results depending on the level of driving pressure during one-lung ventilation. Postoperative pulmonary complications based on the Melbourne scale that appeared within 3 days after surgery became the endpoint.Results: A correlation was established between the level of driving pressure and the level of PaO2 in the intraoperative period – high inverse (r = – 0.901). The greatest value in the development of postoperative respiratory failure is driving pressure, exceeding 15 cm of water (Odds ratio = 18.25). In the first 3 days, postoperative pulmonary complications, determined by the Melbourne group scale, occurred in 9 (8.2%) patients in whom the driving pressure exceeded 15 cm of water, and in 3 patients (2.7%) with a driving pressure level less than 15 cm of water (p = 0.016).Conclusion: Driving pressure excess with values of more than 15 cm of water significantly increases the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications. Fixed PEEP will be inappropriate both high and low, and individualized PEEP titrated by CStat may reduce driving pressure and become the next step in protective one-lung ventilation

Optimization of postoperative hypotension correction in thoracic surgery

Introduction. Arterial hypotension is the reasonable cause for intravenous injections of crystalloid solutions. However, as far as this statement is fair in the patients that underwent extensive scheduled thoracic operations at that moment is not defined.Aim. To reduce the number of complications in patients following thoracic operations by definition of optimum strategy for correction of postoperative hypotension.Methods. The retrospective analysis of 154 patients who were divided into 2 groups was conducted. In 58 patients, for correction of arterial blood pressure we used noradrenaline, in other cases (96 patients) noradrenaline in combination with infusion therapy was administered. The comparative analysis of the perioperative volemic status, levels of hemoglobin, urea, creatinine, a lactate, glucose, paO2 , paCO2 , ScvO2 , SaO2 , pvCO2 -paCO2 , duration of noradrenaline application and also a range of the postoperative complications was carried out.Results and conclusions. It is revealed that correction of hypotension with crystalloid solutions in thoracic patients results at and conclusions increased risk of pneumonia development. At the same time, infusion therapy in the early postoperative period in thoracic patients did not reduce the risk of intense kidney failure development. Severity of postoperative complications according to Clavien-Dindo classification was higher in patients who had infusion therapy. At the same time, duration of vasopressor support showed no change

Scanning MOKE investigation of ion-beam-synthesized silicide films

Fe ions with an energy of 40 keV were implanted into Si plates with the fluence varying in the range of (1.6-3.0) × 10 17 ion/cm 2 in the external magnetic field. Scanning magnetooptical Kerr effect (MOKE) studies have shown that all samples possess uniaxial anisotropy. Both the coercive field and the anisotropy field increase with fluence. It was suggested that induced anisotropy is caused by inverse magnetostriction. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Dispersion of the G-type coal dust of the Vorgashorskoe field and its influence on the thermal destruction process

Results of a comprehensive study of coal dust obtained from the G-type coal of Vorgashorskoe field are presented. The main research methods used in the work are granulometric, thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis. The granulometric sieving carried out confirmed the heterogeneity of the sample with size of 0-200 μm fraction for a technical analysis. It is established that fractions of less than 100 μm size account for more than 50 % of the total sample mass. The results obtained suggested that result can be different depending on the content of a fraction in the overall technical sample sent for an analysis. However, this is probably acceptable in a technical analysis of coal dust samples but not for determination of explosive and fire hazard indicators. In order to study the effect of the dispersion composition of dust on a pyrolysis process in the air (oxidizing) medium for each of the fractions of 0-200 μm and additionally for larger fractions studies were carried out using thermogravimetry and a differential thermal analysis. The thermogravimetric analysis confirmed the hypothesis about the ambiguous behavior of coal dust during its pyrolysis depending on the dispersion composition. Two fractions showed the same behaviont during the thermal pyrolysis. The fraction of 63-94 μm is the boundary one between 0-45 and 45-63 μm and remaining fractions of larger than 94 μm in size. That fact indicates that during determination of the explosive fire hazard properties it is necessary to investigate dust samples of dispersive composition from 0 to 100 μm, i.е. a narrower fraction than in the technical analysis of samples from 0 to 200 μm. Express analysis of the obtained data of differential thermal analysis showed a difference in thermal degradation between the fractions of interest at the initial stage (250-330 °C). The results obtained allowed to draw a conclusion about the expediency of the study of coal dust of dispersive composition from 0-100 μm. It also showed the necessity of using methods considered in the paper for a detailed study of physical and chemical parameters of coal dust and an assessment of its explosive and fire hazard properties