Explanation for Anomalous Shock Temperatures Measured by Neutron Resonance Spectroscopy

Neutron resonance spectrometry (NRS) has been used to measure the temperature inside Mo samples during shock loading. The temperatures obtained were significantly higher than predicted assuming ideal hydrodynamic loading. The effect of plastic flow and non-ideal projectile behavior were assessed. Plastic flow was calculated self-consistently with the shock jump conditions: this is necessary for a rigorous estimate of the locus of shock states accessible. Plastic flow was estimated to contribute a temperature rise of 53K compared with hydrodynamic flow. Simulations were performed of the operation of the explosively-driven projectile system used to induce the shock in the Mo sample. The simulations predicted that the projectile was significantly curved on impact, and still accelerating. The resulting spatial variations in load, including radial components of velocity, were predicted to increase the apparent temperature that would be deduced from the width of the neutron resonance by 160K. These corrections are sufficient to reconcile the apparent temperatures deduced using NRS with the accepted properties of Mo, in particular its equation of state.Comment: near-final version, waiting for final consent from an autho

Pyrometric Measurement of the Temperature of Shocked Molybdenum

Measurements of the temperature of Mo shocked to ~60 GPa and then released to ~28 GPa were previously attempted using high explosive driven flyer plates and pyrometry. Analysis of the radiance traces at different wavelengths indicates that the temporal evolution of the radiance can be explained by a contribution from the LiF window to the measured thermal radiation. Fitting the radiance traces with a simple model, supported by continuum dynamics studies which were able to relate structures in the radiance history to hydrodynamic events in the experiment, the contribution of the window was obtained and hence the temperature of the Mo sample. The shock-and release temperature obtained in the Mo was 762+/-40K which is consistent with calculations taking the contribution of plastic work to the heating into account. The radiance obtained for the LiF window shows a non thermal distribution which can be described by a bulk temperature of 624+/-112K and hot spots (less than 0.5% in total volume) within the window at a temperature of about 2000K

FEATURES OF CLINICAL DISPLAYS OF THE TRANSPLANTED HEART ACUTE REJECTION

In the present research features of current of clinical and structural changes are considered at acute rejection at the patients who have carried orthotopic transplantation of heart. Results of retrospective research are based on studying 1119 endomyocardial biopsy in a combination to clinical displays, given invasive and the noninvasive techniques of diagnostics used at 62 recipients of heart recipients before 10-years period of supervision. Character of changes of wall thicknes of LV, mass of a myocardium, ventricular end diastolic volume, and also a degree of infringement of pump function allow to characterize distinctions in clinical displays acute cellular and humoral rejection

METABOLIC AND AUTOIMMUNE RISK FACTORS FOR CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE (CAD) IN HEART TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS

One of the most essential autoimmunity risk factors for development of CAD are increasing level of anticardiolipin antibodies and homocystein. This report presents retrospective analyses of 39 heart transplant recipients with maximal follow up over 16 years. Our results showed that hyperhomocystenemia and high levels of anticardiolipin antibodies play great value in development of CAD. Thus relative risks for development of CAD in presence both high levels of anticardiolipin antibodies and homocysteine are higher, than in traditional nonimmune risk factors

DONOR HEART VALVES RECONSTRUCTION BEFORE TRANSPLANTATION

Aim of study. The demonstration of our own experience in heart transplantation after valve reconstruction. Methods and results. From May 2012 to March 2013 3 mitral valve annuloplasties were performed to recipi- ents, requiring urgent HT and having extremely unfavorable prognosis of survival without HT. The recipients were classified as United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) IB, and all of them were on inotropic support. In one case, HT was performed after reconstruction of rheumatic mitral stenosis, in two other cases – after dege- nerative mitral regurgitation. The technical aspects are reviewed of ex-vivo mitral and tricuspid valves repair with concomitant heart transplantation. All patients were discharged from the hospital having excellent postope- rative recovery. Conclusion. Taking into consideration the demonstrated satisfactory result of surveillance and presence of significant experience in performing of reconstructive valve surgery among no-HT cardiosurgical patients, an increase in the pool of suitable donor organs is expected due to the liberalization of the selection criteria and the possibility of the innovative valve reconstruction procedures ex vivo

DONOR-TRANSMITTED CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS

Aim. To estimate opportunities, prospects and safety of using heart transplants from aged donors who are at high risk of coronary atherosclerosis.Materials and methods. Over the period from March 1987 to May 2014450 heart transplantations (HTx) were performed in V.I.Shumakov Federal Research Center of Transplantology and Artifi cial Organs. During the fi rst month after HTx coronarography was made to 152 (37,8%) recipients inorder to exclude/confi rm donor-transmitted coronary atherosclerosis (DTCA) and to identify tactics of treatment. Coronary atherosclerosis was detected among 16 patients (3,6% of total number of HTx), 15 (93,8%) men and 1 (6,2%) women. Mean age of recipients with DTCA at the moment of HTx was 48,3 ± 13,1 years.Results. Hemodynamically relevant coronary atherosclerosis was not detected and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was not made in the group of patients with the mean age of 42,24 ± 8,91 years. Using heart transplants from aged donors is connected with increasing risk of DTCA among the recipients. DTCA-dependent PCI is not connected with coronary mortality. Actuarial survival rate of patients who underwent PCI is comparable with the same one in the total population of HTx recipients and is equal to 87,5% at 5 years and less.Conclusion. Hearts from aged donors (older than 50 years) may be used for HTx with suffi cient level of safety. Due to high level of DTCA using of hearts from such donors is preferable for completing urgent HTx to recipients 1А–В UNOS

Ice XII in its second regime of metastability

We present neutron powder diffraction results which give unambiguous evidence for the formation of the recently identified new crystalline ice phase[Lobban et al.,Nature, 391, 268, (1998)], labeled ice XII, at completely different conditions. Ice XII is produced here by compressing hexagonal ice I_h at T = 77, 100, 140 and 160 K up to 1.8 GPa. It can be maintained at ambient pressure in the temperature range 1.5 < T < 135 K. High resolution diffraction is carried out at T = 1.5 K and ambient pressure on ice XII and accurate structural properties are obtained from Rietveld refinement. At T = 140 and 160 K additionally ice III/IX is formed. The increasing amount of ice III/IX with increasing temperature gives an upper limit of T ~ 150 K for the successful formation of ice XII with the presented procedure.Comment: 3 Pages of RevTeX, 3 tables, 3 figures (submitted to Physical Review Letters

THE FIRST EXPERIENCE IN CLINICAL APPLICATION OF DOMESTIC CIRCULATORY SUPPORT DEVICE ON BASIS OF IMPLANTABLE AXIAL PUMP FOR TWO STAGE HEART TRANSPLANTATION

The paper describes the first clinical experience in RF of successful application of domestic circulatory support device based on implantable axial pump for two stage heart transplantation. This case demonstrate the effec- tiveness and safety of our device (АВК-Н) for a longtime (270 days) left ventricular bypass and the ability to perform a successful transplantation of donor,s heart after application of this system