268 research outputs found

    ВлияниС гафния Π½Π° Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡƒΡŽ микроструктуру Π² сплавС 1570

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    The issue is devoted to the study of the influence of hafnium on the structure and properties of alloy 1570. Ingots from alloy 1570 were cast into the steel coquille, including those with additives of hafnium 0.1, 0.2 and 0.5 %. To determine the size of the grain structure in the obtained ingots, an Axionovert-40 MAT optical microscope was used, chemical analysis of intermetallic particles was carried out using JEOL 6390A SEM. In addition, for the alloy 1570 and 1570–0.5Hf, the presence of nanoparticles with the L12 structure was studied using transmission electron microscope JEM-2100. Studies showed that hafnium additives make it possible to achieve a significant modification of the cast structure. For example, when introducing hafnium into the initial alloy in an amount of 0.5 % of the total weight, it was possible to achieve a reduction in the average grain size by 2 times. Scanning microscopy data showed that hafnium partially dissolves in particles containing scandium and zirconium as well. The addition of hafnium increases the number of large particles formed during crystallization. Transmission microscopy showed the presence of coherent aluminum matrix nanoparticles in alloy 1570 and having a superstructure of L12, which were most likely formed during intermittent decay during ingot cooling. When 0.5 % Hf was added, no nanoparticles with the L12 superstructure were detected. To explain the latter fact, it is necessary to study the surface of the liquidus of the Al–Hf–Sc system, as well as to study the effect of hafnium on the diffusion coefficient of scandium in aluminum.Π˜Π·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ влияниС гафния Π½Π° структуру ΠΈ свойства сплава 1570. Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ кокиль Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹ слитки ΠΈΠ· сплава 1570, Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ числС с Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ гафния (0,1, 0,2 ΠΈ 0,5 %). Для опрСдСлСния Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² Π·Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ структуры Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… слитках примСнялся оптичСский микроскоп Β«Axionovert-40 MATΒ», химичСский Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π»Π»ΠΈΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… частиц проводился с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ элСктронного микроскопа JEOL 6390A. ΠšΡ€ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, для сплавов 1570 ΠΈ 1570–0,5Hf Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ элСктронном микроскопС JEM-2100 ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡŒ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ наночастиц, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… структуру L12. ИсслСдования ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΊΠΈ гафния ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‚ Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ сущСствСнной ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠΉ структуры. НапримСр, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² исходный сплав 0,5 % Hf (ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΉ массы) достигнуто ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ срСднСго Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° Π·Π΅Ρ€Π½Π° Π² 2 Ρ€Π°Π·Π°. Богласно Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ микроскопии, Π³Π°Ρ„Π½ΠΈΠΉ частично растворяСтся Π² частицах, содСрТащих Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ скандий ΠΈ Ρ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΉ. Π”ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΊΠ° гафния ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ количСство ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΏΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… частиц, ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ кристаллизации. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ микроскопия ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»Π° Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ Π² сплавС 1570 наночастиц, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… алюминиСвой ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ†Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… свСрхструктуру L12, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ с большой Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ вСроятности ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡŒ Π² Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ прСрывистого распада ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ остывании слитков. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΊΠ΅ 0,5 % Hf наночастиц, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… свСрхструктуру L12, Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ. Для объяснСния этого Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹ исслСдования повСрхности ликвидуса систСмы Al–Hf–Sc, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ влияния гафния Π½Π° коэффициСнт Π΄ΠΈΡ„Ρ„ΡƒΠ·ΠΈΠΈ скандия Π² алюминии

    Large magnetic anisotropy in Ferrihydrite nanoparticles synthesized from reverse micelles

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    Six-line ferrihydrite(FH) nanoparticles have been synthesized in the core of reverse micelles, used as nanoreactors to obtain average particle sizes β‰ˆ\approx 2 to 4 nm. The blocking temperatures TBmT_B^m extracted from magnetization data increased from β‰ˆ10\approx 10 to 20 K for increasing particle size. Low-temperature \MOS measurements allowed to observe the onset of differentiated contributions from particle core and surface as the particle size increases. The magnetic properties measured in the liquid state of the original emulsion showed that the \FH phase is not present in the liquid precursor, but precipitates in the micelle cores after the free water is freeze-dried. Systematic susceptibility \chi_{ac}(\emph{f},T) measurements showed the dependence of the effective magnetic anisotropy energies EaE_{a} with particle volume, and yielded an effective anisotropy value of Keff=312Β±10K_{eff} = 312\pm10 kJ/m3^3.Comment: 8 pages, 10 figures. Nanotechnology, v17 (Nov. 2006) In pres
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