2,744 research outputs found
The influence of spin-dependent phases of tunneling electrons on the conductance of a point ferromagnet/isolator/d-wave superconductor contact
The influence of phase shifts of electron waves passing through and reflected
by the potential barrier on the Andreev reflection in a
ferromagnet/isolator/d-wave superconductor (FIS) contact is studied. It is
found that in a superconductor the surface spin-dependent Andreev bound states
inside the superconducting gap are formed as a result of the interference of
electron-like and hole-like quasiparticles due to repeated Andreev reflections.
The peak in the conductance of the FIS contact at the zero potential for the
(110)-oriented superconductor disappears rapidly as the polarization of a
ferromagnet increases, whereas for the (100)-oriented superconductor it
appears. The physical reason for this behavior of conductance is discussed.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figure
Boundary resistance in magnetic multilayers
Quasiclassical boundary conditions for electrochemical potentials at the
interface between diffusive ferromagnetic and non-magnetic metals are derived
for the first time. An expression for the boundary resistance accurately
accounts for the momentum conservation law as well as essential gradients of
the chemical potentials. Conditions are established at which spin-asymmetry of
the boundary resistance has positive or negative sign. Dependence of the spin
asymmetry and the absolute value of the boundary resistance on the exchange
splitting of the conduction band opens up new possibility to estimate spin
polarization of the conduction band of ferromagnetic metals. Consistency of the
theory is checked on existing experimental data.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, designed using IOPART styl
Formation of Multicharged Ions at Quasi-Gasdynamic Plasma Confinement in a Mirror trap
It was shown in [1] that an increase in plasma density Ne in sources of multicharged ions leads to a substantial increase of ion current and improves slightly the ion distribution over charge states. Validity of this statement was verified in experiments with plasma densities not exceeding several units of 1012 cm-3. It was revealed [2] that, for the electron densities exceeding 1013 cm-3, the regime of plasma confinement in a trap changes significantly, the scaling described in [1] is no longer valid, and the quasi-gasdynamic regime of plasma confinement is realized. The plasma confinement time ti in this regime weakly depends on electron density. Consequently, the parameter governing formation of multicharged ions, Neti , grows as the electron density is increased. This means that an increase in plasma density results not only in an increase in the total ion current but also in the shift of the ion charge state distribution towards higher charge states. The present work concerns experimental investigation of the quasi-gasdynamic regime of confinement of a hot plasma in a direct magnetic trap and formation of multicharged ions in this regime. Experiments were conducted on the setup described in detail in [3]. Millimeter wave radiation with maximum power W=130 kW, frequency f=37.5 GHz, and pulse duration up to 1.5 ms was focused along magnetic field lines into a simple mirror trap with mirror ratio 3.4, length 25 cm, and maximum magnetic field 2.5 T. The temperature and density of the electrons were determined from spectral analysis of X-ray bremsstrahlung of plasma in the 2-20 keV range and from the transmission factor of diag-nostic microwave radiation through the plasma. It is concluded that a quasi-gasdynamic regime of plasma confinement is realized. Ion distribution over charge states in the quasi-gasdynamic regime is calculated and the re-sults obtained are compared with experimental data. A strong effect of anisotropy of the electron distribution function over energies on the efficiency of plasma confinement and formation of multicharged ions is considered. Problems of plasma stability in an axisymmetric mirror trap un-der powerful microwave pumping are addressed
Enhancement of CO2 conversion by counterflow gas quenching of the post-discharge region in microwave plasma sustained by gyrotron radiation
A threefold increase in the CO2 conversion and energy efficiency due to the
cooling of the post-discharge region by the counter gas flow has been achieved
in the plasma of an atmospheric pressure discharge supported by microwave
radiation of a gyrotron with a frequency of 24 GHz in a carbon dioxide gas
flow. The role of convective heat transfer in the process of gas mixture
cooling in the post-discharge region has been experimentally demonstrated. At
nitrogen quench gas flow of 4.5 l/min, the CO2 conversion was 23.8 % and energy
efficiency was 19.7 %. The possibility of using the flow of cooled gas mixture
(CO2,CO,O2) taken from the reactor as quenching gas has been experimentally
demonstrated, which made it possible to achieve a CO2 conversion degree of 23.4
% and to eliminate the problem of dilution of reaction products by third-party
gases. Based on numerical modeling, it is shown that the increase in the
conversion degree upon the destruction of the plasma torch structure is due to
the increase in heat exchange with the surrounding atmosphere, and the
efficiency of this destruction is determined by the velocity and density of
quenching gas.Comment: 20 pages, 14 pages, submitted to the Journal of Energy Chemistry
28.11.202
Re-entrant superconductivity in Nb/Cu(1-x)Ni(x) bilayers
We report on the first observation of a pronounced re-entrant
superconductivity phenomenon in superconductor/ferromagnetic layered systems.
The results were obtained using a superconductor/ferromagnetic-alloy bilayer of
Nb/Cu(1-x)Ni(x). The superconducting transition temperature T_{c} drops sharply
with increasing thickness d_{CuNi} of the ferromagnetic layer, until complete
suppression of superconductivity is observed at d_{CuNi}= 4 nm. Increasing the
Cu(1-x)Ni(x) layer thickness further, superconductivity reappears at
d_{CuNi}=13 nm. Our experiments give evidence for the pairing function
oscillations associated with a realization of the quasi-one dimensional
Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) like state in the ferromagnetic layer.Comment: 3 pages, 3 figures, REVTEX4/twocolum
Design and Status of the Dipole Spectrometer Magnet for the ALICE Experiment
Proposal of abstract for MT16, Tallahesse, Florida, 26th September to 2nd October 1999.A large Dipole Magnet is required for the Muon Arm Spectrometer of the ALICE experiment at the LHC.The absence of strong requirements on the symmetry and homogeneity of the magnetic field has lead to a design dominated by economic and feasibility considerations.In March 1997 the decision was taken to build a resistive dipole magnet for the muon spectrometer of the ALICE experiment. Since then, design work has been pursued in JINR/Russia and at CERN. While a common concept has been adopted for the construction of the steel core, two different proposals have been made for the manufacturing technology of the excitation coils. In both cases, however, the conductor material will be Aluminium.The general concept of the dipole magnet is based on a window frame return yoke, fabricated from low carbon steel sheets. The flat vertical poles follow the defined acceptance angle of 9 degrees. The excitation coils are of saddle type. The coils are wound from large hollow Aluminium profiles. They are cooled by pressurized demineralised water. The coil ends are located to both sides of the magnet yoke and determine the overall length of the magnet. The main flux direction in the gap is horizontal and perpendicular to the LHC beam axis.Both coil concepts and the underlying manufacturing technology are compared and the present status of the development of the magnet is described
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