Geomatic monitoring of environmental hazards in technogenic-loaded territories

It was noted that the territory of Eastern Ukraine is saturated with potentially dangerous industrial facilities and areas with geodynamic processes that require constant control and monitoring to detect deformations. Geomatic methods and tools were proposed for a comprehensive assessment of deformations, indicators of environmental threats in technogenically loaded territories. The choice of the geomatic monitoring system depends on the type of environment and the direction of research. Visualization of the content of chemical substances, gas concentration, temperature, humidity, precipitation can be carried out through the interfaces of the Giovanni platform. Landsat, Sentinel-2, MODIS space images are processed to classify land cover objects, change their boundaries, monitor vegetation cover, analyze the geological structure, identify the dynamics of water and wetland objects, the scale of floods and inundation; SIR - C/X - SAR radar images are processed to determine the location of urban areas and individual buildings, to emphasize the relief of mountainous areas, to control the pollution of water bodies' surfaces; SRTM digital terrain models are processed to determine terrain characteristics. Observation of the deformation of the Earth's surfaces and construction of displacement maps is performed by the InSAR satellite radar method, which is based on the use of space images from the Sentinel-1 spacecraft. To clarify the identified problem areas, it is necessary to jointly use the ground-based geodetic methods of monitoring the deformations of man-made territories. Processing of the received data is carried out in various geoinformation systems ArcGIS, QGIS, Google Earth, Digital; the land subsidence estimation using Sentinel-1 Data in SNAP, the landslides detection using Sentinel-1. The article states that geomatics monitoring is carried out to neutralize threats, to restore natural resource potential, to ensure geopolitical, ecological, security and military stability. Keywords: deformation of the earth’s surface, geoinformation systems, geomatics, monitoring, satellite radar, technogenic-loaded territories

Monitoring the Condition of the Natural and Economic Use of Land in the Poltava Region

The article is aimed at monitoring the condition of the natural and economic use of land on the basis of methods for integrated evaluation as well as determining the levels of intensity of land use at the regional level. Various views on evaluation of the condition of land have been considered. As the main attributes of the intensity of land use were accepted the agro-landscape ecological stability, the anthropogenic load, the ploughness of territory, the ploughness of agricultural land, the agricultural development of territory, and the recreational capacity. On the basis of methods for integral evaluation both the subjective and the objective importance of attributes has been determined, the integral indicators of intensity of land use have been calculated. Three levels of intensity of natural and economic use of land in the districts of Poltava region have been allocated, boundaries of the quantitative values of indicators have been determined. Prospect for further research is to evaluate the intensity of natural and economic land use at the national level in order to define a strategy for the rational use and protection of land in Ukraine and to formulate the directions of development of the regional land use on the basis of system approach

Non-linear dynamics of charge-density-wave in orthorombic TaS3_3 at microwaves

Non-linear dc and microwave conductivity due to collective transport of charge density-wave in TaS$_3$ was experimentally investigated at $T=78$-215 K. The non-linear dc field dependence of a differential conductivity ${\rm d}I/{\rm d}V$ exhibits a threshold field $E_{\rm T1}$ sharply defined in the temperature range of 140-215 K. As the temperature decreases beyond 140 K the field $E_{\rm T1}$ disappears, and the second threshold field $E_{\rm T2}\gg E_{\rm T1}$ originates. The two fields are temperature dependent and show decreasing under a microwave radiation. A non-linear response $V_{\Omega}$ to the microwave radiation was observed at $T=78$-215 K in a mixing experiment (detuned case, $\Omega=\omega_1-\omega_2\,\,/\!\!\!\!\!\!\equiv 0$). The dc field dependencies of the non-linear response $V_{\Omega}$ reveral no signs of the threshold field singularities. The experimental result have been satisfactorily described by a classical model of an overdamped oscillator by introducing an empirical distribution function for the threshold field and by averaging $V_{\Omega}$ over $E_{\rm T}$