Циклические нуклеотиды и патология печени

Universitatea de Stat de Medicină şi Farmacie „Nicolae Testemiţanu“, Spitalul Clinic Republican, Conferința naţională de gastroenterologie şi hepatologie cu participare internaţională ”Actualităţi în gastroenterologie şi hepatologie” 16 iunie 2016 Chișinău, Republica MoldovaCyclic nucleotides (CN) cAMP and cGMP are recognized as cell signaling molecules that control a variety of biological processes such as cell growth and adhesion, energy homeostasis, neuronal signaling and muscle relaxation. The alterations of CN signals were being observed in a number of pathophysiologic conditions, including liver disorders. In the liver, cAMP is distributed along the sinusoids and cGMP – in the nuclear elements and membranes of the hepatocytes. Their role is to mobilize the reserves of glucose and fatty acids from peripheral tissues. Alterations in the intracellular signaling process by cAMP has been shown to be involved in the pathological changes in colangiocyte: cholestatic secretory disorders and disorders associated with changes in cell proliferation, hepatocyte: advanced fi brotic processes as cirrhosis (CH), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Cyclic AMP and cGMP can exert a stimulatory or inhibitory effect on cell proliferation depending on the cell type. This would suggest that disruption of intracellular signaling plays an important role in carcinogenesis. In patients with primary HCC were determined high serum levels of cAMP and cGMP. This data show the importance of studying CN as a potential cornerstone in the treatment of fibrotic processes and oncological pathologies, given the growing prevalence of this diseases worldwide, including in Moldova which leads after CH mortality index of the 192 Циклические нуклеотиды (ЦНК) цАМФ и цГМФ известны, как молекулы участвующие в передачи сигнала в клетке, которые регулируют множество биологических процессов, такие как адгезия и рост клеток, энергетический гомеостаз, передача нервного импульса, мышечное расслабление. Изменение сигналов ЦНК наблюдается в ряде патофизиологических процессов, в том числе и при патологии печени. В печени цАМФ распределен вдоль синусоидов, а цГМФ располагается в ядерных элементах и на плазматических мембранах гепатоцитов. Их роль заключается в мобилизации запасов глюкозы и жирных кислот из периферических тканей. Нарушения в процессе внутриклеточной передачи сигналов при участии цАМФ были доказаны при холестазе, холангитах и в других патологиях, связанных с изменением клеточного обмена на уровне гепатоцитов. Выраженные фиброзные изменения у больных с циррозом печени (ЦП), гепатоцеллюлярной карциномой (ГЦК). Изменяют уровень цАМФ и цГМФ, потом оказывают стимулирующее или ингибирующее действие на пролиферацию клеток в зависимости от их типа. Это позволяет предположить, что нарушение внутриклеточной передачи сигнала цАМФ и цГМФ играет важную роль при возникновении различных печеночных нарушений. При первичной ГЦК в сыворотке крови были выявлены высокие уровни цАМФ и цГМФ. Возможно нормализавания уровня ЦНК может иметъ важную роль в лечении фиброза и рака печени, распространенность которых возрастает во всем мире, в том числе и в Республике Молдова

Integrating Entrepreneurship into the Design Classroom: Case Studies from the Developing World

© 2017, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. Developing countries are more and more committed to building a knowledge-based economy as a means to diversify from their current resource-based economy. The current focus of many governments is on technology with real insights on creative economy and arts. In this context, universities are seen as a key partner of the government. This article presents the results of two innovative case studies of professors working in the College of Art and Design collaborating with a professor in the College of Business to integrate the concepts of entrepreneurship into their interior design courses. This was done through designing space for entrepreneurial projects and by the students acting as entrepreneurs themselves with an external client. This dual model of training combines (1) learning processes about the habits and the needs of entrepreneurs and (2) learning by acting as an entrepreneur. Such methods demonstrate the role of universities to provide a proper theoretical background for students and to foster entrepreneurial behaviors through arts entrepreneurship education. Furthermore, the central role of professors to introduce innovative teaching methods to combine entrepreneurship and the creative economy into non-business courses is an important finding in these case studies