321 research outputs found

    ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ» финансового fair play ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ финансовой устойчивости Ρ„ΡƒΡ‚Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ»ΡƒΠ±ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ Β«ΠœΠ°Π½Ρ‡Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ Π‘ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΒ»

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    This article considers the financial monitoring of football clubs under UEFA Financial Fair Play (FFP) regulations. The aim of the paper is to study the current system for assessing the financial stability of football clubs and propose measures for its practical application. The work is relevant due to a wide range of financial challenges in modern football and supported by a detailed analysis of a recent case of Manchester City football club accused of breaching FFP. Studying the main allegations against the club, the author analyzed the basic concepts of FFP, breaches of other clubs and sanctions imposed on them, with emphasis on the experience of Russian clubs. The analysis illustrated the role of UEFA and football clubs with regards to FFP implementation, considering a specific case. The author estimated the potential Losses of Manchester City due to the Champions League ban, and, in addition, the total losses due to the English Premier League suspension amid coronavirus threat. Using FFP criteria, the author analyzed the financial stability of Manchester City and Russian football club CSKA Moscow and identified similar problems for the clubs. The author outlined recommendations for UEFA rules compliance and presented a system of indicators that help to regularly monitor and manage the longterm financial stability of football clubs. The findings of the paper may find application in the field of other team sports.ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ исслСдования являСтся ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³ финансовой устойчивости Ρ„ΡƒΡ‚Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ»ΡƒΠ±ΠΎΠ², Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π² Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ» финансового fairpaly (ЀЀП) УЕЀА. ЦСль Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ - Ρ€Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ систСму ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ финансового состояния Ρ„ΡƒΡ‚Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ»ΡƒΠ±ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎ Π΅Π΅ практичСскому ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ. ΠΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ подтвСрТдаСтся Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ спСктра финансовых ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ Π² соврСмСнном Ρ„ΡƒΡ‚Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅ ΠΈ формируСтся Π·Π° счСт Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π½Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ кСйса Ρ„ΡƒΡ‚Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»ΡƒΠ±Π° Β«ΠœΠ°Π½Ρ‡Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ Π‘ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΒ», Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΡˆΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ряд Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ» ЀЀП УЕЀА. Π˜Π·ΡƒΡ‡Π°Ρ основныС ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊ ΠΊΠ»ΡƒΠ±Ρƒ, Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π» Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ полоТСния ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ» ЀЀП, Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ»ΡƒΠ±ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ принятыС ΠΊ Π½ΠΈΠΌ санкции, особый Π°ΠΊΡ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚ сдСлан Π½Π° ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π΅ российских ΠΊΠ»ΡƒΠ±ΠΎΠ². ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ» ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ»Π»ΡŽΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ УЕЀА ΠΈ Ρ„ΡƒΡ‚Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ»ΡƒΠ±ΠΎΠ², ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ с Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ» ЀЀП, Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅. Автором ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½Π΅Π½ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΡƒΡ‰Π΅Ρ€Π± Β«ΠœΠ°Π½Ρ‡Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ Π‘ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΒ», Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π° участиС Π² Π›ΠΈΠ³Π΅ Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ², ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ - ΡƒΠ±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΊΠΈ, обусловлСнныС остановкой Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ‚Π° Англии ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° коронавирусной ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ. Π ΡƒΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡΡΡŒ критСриями, Π² соблюдСнии ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„ΡƒΡ‚Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠ»ΡƒΠ±Ρ‹ Π•Π²Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΡ‹ ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠ½ΡƒΠ»ΠΈΡΡŒ с наибольшими слоТностями, Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‹ расчСты для Β«ΠœΠ°Π½Ρ‡Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ Π‘ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΒ» ΠΈ российского ПЀК «ЦБКА Москва», ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΡˆΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ, Ρ€Π΅Π»Π΅Π²Π°Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠ»ΡƒΠ±ΠΎΠ². Π Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ соблюдСнию Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ УЕЀА ΠΈ систСма ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ для рСгулярного ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³Π° ΠΈ управлСния долгосрочной финансовой ΡƒΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΉΡ‡ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ Ρ„ΡƒΡ‚Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ»ΡƒΠ±ΠΎΠ². Π’ дальнСйшСм ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΠΈ для Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² спорта

    Π‘Π’Π ΠΠ’Π•Π“Π˜Π§Π•Π‘ΠšΠžΠ• Π£ΠŸΠ ΠΠ’Π›Π•ΠΠ˜Π• Π€Π£Π’Π‘ΠžΠ›Π¬ΠΠ«Πœ ΠšΠ›Π£Π‘ΠžΠœ Π’ Π£Π‘Π›ΠžΠ’Π˜Π―Π₯ ΠŸΠΠΠ”Π•ΠœΠ˜Π˜ COVID-19

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    This research is aimedΒ  to analyze the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on professional football clubs, identify the problems they face and propose strategic anti-crisis measures. The work is based on the analysis of the mapping study on measuring the economic impact of COVID-19 on the sport sector in the EU, provided by European Commission; analytical reports from Deloitte and KPMG containing empirical data on European football, academic research by foreign scientists examining the impact of the pandemic on the football industry. The study resulted in the author's strategic measures to improve the efficiency of football clubs in the face of restrictions caused by the spread of coronavirus, and a system of performance indicators (KPI), concerning the business developments during a pandemic. These results can be used in the strategic management of football clubs, as well as in the development strategies of federations, leagues and individual clubs, and can lead to an increase in the overall efficiency of their activities and the achievement of economic and social results. For the first time, the work carried out a comprehensive study of the consequences of the pandemic for the development of the football industry and offered the author’s view of solving current problems and finding new ways to develop the football business.ЦСль исслСдования – ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ послСдствия ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ коронавируса для ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„ΡƒΡ‚Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ»ΡƒΠ±ΠΎΠ², Π²Ρ‹ΡΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹, с ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠ½ΡƒΠ»ΠΈΡΡŒ, ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ стратСгичСскиС антикризисныС мСроприятия. Π Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π° базируСтся Π½Π° Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π° ЕвропСйской комиссии, посвящСнного ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ΅ экономичСского эффСкта COVID-19, ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π° спортивныС ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, аналитичСских ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Deloitte ΠΈ KPMG, содСрТащих эмпиричСскиС Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎ ЕвропСйскому ΠΊΠ»ΡƒΠ±Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ„ΡƒΡ‚Π±ΠΎΠ»Ρƒ, акадСмичСских исслСдований Π·Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, Ρ€Π°ΡΡΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… влияниС ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° Ρ„ΡƒΡ‚Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡƒΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡŽ. Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ исслСдования стали Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ стратСгичСскиС ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ эффСктивности Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Ρ„ΡƒΡ‚Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ»ΡƒΠ±ΠΎΠ² Π² условиях ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… распространСниСм коронавируса, ΠΈ систСма Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ эффСктивности (KPI), ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π² ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ. Π”Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ Π² Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ… стратСгичСского управлСния Ρ„ΡƒΡ‚Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ»ΡƒΠ±Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ΅ стратСгий развития Ρ„Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ, Π»ΠΈΠ³ ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ»ΡƒΠ±ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ привСсти ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ совокупной эффСктивности ΠΈΡ… Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ экономичСских ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ². Π’ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ Π²ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ всСстороннСС исслСдованиС послСдствий ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ для развития индустрии Ρ„ΡƒΡ‚Π±ΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ авторский взгляд Π½Π° Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈ поиск Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΉ развития Ρ„ΡƒΡ‚Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ бизнСса

    ΠžΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… эффСктов, Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ транспортом

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    Currently, the efficiency of transport systems, both at national level and while developing regional and interregional trade and cooperation links, is considered to be among most important factors for successful and sustainable economic development.The enhancement of transport systems in many cases implies implementation of large infrastructure projects, supposing major investment and generating a series of economic and social effects. And if a few studies have already been devoted to the economic impact, the social sphere has not yet received due attention.The paper refers to an attempt to fill this gap. The scope of the study regards passenger rail transport that has being dynamically developed in many countries and that is paid much attention in strategic documents on development of transport industry in the Russian Federation.The objective of the study is to identify the positive and negative effects generated by projects for development of railways, and to propose approaches to their quantitative measurement.The methods engaged in the study comprise the analysis of academic sources and methodological materials already developed abroad and in Russia, as well as relevant regulatory documents, including the methodology for assessing the socio-economic effects of transport infrastructure construction projects. This made it possible to systematise the existing social effects of railway transport into groups.The shown examples of monetary assessment of these effects are based on the best foreign practices. The results could be useful to the investors and the public administration for making decisions on funding, as well as for evaluating the effectiveness of transport projects, which could ultimately allow to save budget funds, increase the return on investment and solve several social problems.Π­Ρ„Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ транспортных систСм Π½Π° соврСмСнном этапС ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π° Π½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π² ΠΌΠ°ΡΡˆΡ‚Π°Π±Π΅ выстраивания Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΡ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π³ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… связСй рассматриваСтся Π² качСствС ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡˆΠΈΡ… Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² ΡƒΡΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ устойчивого экономичСского развития.Π‘ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ транспортных систСм Π²ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ… случаях Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΏΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… инфраструктурных ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠ°ΡΡˆΡ‚Π°Π±Π½Ρ‹Π΅ инвСстиции ΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Ρ†Π΅Π»Ρ‹ΠΉ ряд экономичСских ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… эффСктов. И Ссли ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΌ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ посвящён ряд исслСдований, Ρ‚ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ сфСра ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΠ»Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ внимания.Π’ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ прСдпринята ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ΠΊΠ° ΡƒΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ этот ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π», Π° Π² качСствС ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π° исслСдования Π²Ρ‹Π±Ρ€Π°Π½ пассаТирский ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ транспорт, Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉΡΡ Π² Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ рядС государств, ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌΡƒ удСляСтся большоС Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² стратСгичСских Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ…, ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…ΡΡ развития транспортной отрасли Π² Российской Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ.ЦСль исслСдования – Π²Ρ‹ΡΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ эффСкты, Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡŽ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ транспорта, ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΊ ΠΈΡ… количСствСнному ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ.Π’ качСствС ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‘Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· акадСмичСской Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΈ мСтодичСских ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ², ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π·Π° Ρ€ΡƒΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π² России, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΡƒ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-экономичСских эффСктов ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²Π° транспортной инфраструктуры. Всё это ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΡ‚Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ всС ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ эффСкты ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ транспорта ΠΏΠΎ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ°ΠΌ.Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ продСмонстрированы ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… эффСктов, Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ΅. Π”Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Ρ‹ инвСсторам ΠΈ государству Π² Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ… принятия Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎ финансировании, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π² ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ΅ эффСктивности транспортных ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ², Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π² ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π±ΡŽΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ срСдства, ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π°Ρ‡Ρƒ Π²Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ†Π΅Π»Ρ‹ΠΉ ряд ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡

    Π‘ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠ³Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ инструмСнт финансирования массового спорта

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    This paper aims to analyze the foreign experience of using social impact bonds (SIB) and formulate proposals for the application of this tool in financing projects aimed at developing mass sports and increasing physical activity on a national scale. The scientific novelty of the article is confirmed by the limited application of such a mechanism in Russia and its insufficient study. This research aims to fill this academic and applied gap. The author uses the methods of deconstruction and aspect analysis. The article analyzes in detail the foreign experience of using social impact bonds, reveals the advantages and disadvantages of this model. In the absence of SIB sports projects, the model of social impact bonds is considered through the example of a New York City-based program aimed at reducing the recidivism rate among young people. This example allowed the author to describe the interaction scheme for all participants and stakeholders and to illustrate related advantages and disadvantages. In the future, this model can be introduced into Russian practice and used as a model for launching a similar project in the field of grassroots sports. The analysis of successful projects implemented abroad allowed the author to substantiate the possibility of using social impact bonds in financing programs aimed at increasing population levels of physical activity. A system of target indicators is proposed, including such a metric as social return on investment (SROI). The author describes in detail the methodology for calculating SROI and provides examples of calculating this indicator for mass sports projects. The author concludes that the advantages of SIB prevail over the disadvantages and about the high potential of this tool. Further research in this area can be aimed at clarifying the methodology for calculating the SROI for sport interventions promoting physical activity at the population level and evaluating specific projects in the field.ЦСль исслСдования β€” Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· слоТившСйся Π·Π° Ρ€ΡƒΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ использования ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠ³Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ воздСйствия (social impact bonds β€” SIB) ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ этого инструмСнта Π² финансировании ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ², Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ массового спорта ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ уровня физичСской активности насСлСния. Научная Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ подтвСрТдаСтся ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° Π² России ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ слабой ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ. Π£ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ этот акадСмичСский ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π» ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ исслСдованиС. Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ дСконструкции ΠΈ аспСктного Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°. Π”Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π·Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ эмиссии ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠ³Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ, выявлСны прСимущСства ΠΈ нСдостатки этой ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ. Π’ силу отсутствия ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² SIB Π² сфСрС спортивных ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ², модСль ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠ³Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ рассмотрСна Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹, Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π² Нью-Π™ΠΎΡ€ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ Π½Π°Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π° сниТСниС уровня прСступности срСди ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΆΠΈ. Π”Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ» ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ схСму взаимодСйствия всСх участников ΠΈ стСйкхолдСров ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ»Π»ΡŽΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ прСимущСства ΠΈ нСдостатки. Π’ дальнСйшСм эта модСль ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ пСрСнСсСна Π½Π° российский ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ ΠΈ использована ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π΅Ρ† для запуска Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°, Π½ΠΎ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Π² сфСрС массового спорта. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡƒΡΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ², Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π·Π° Ρ€ΡƒΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ» Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρƒ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ использования ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠ³Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ для финансирования ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ уровня физичСской активности насСлСния. Π‘Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° систСма Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΊΡƒ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ инвСстиций β€” SROI. Автором Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ описана ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° расчСта SROI ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ расчСта этого показатСля для ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² Π² сфСрС массового спорта. Π‘Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π½ Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Π°Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ прСимущСств SIB Π½Π°Π΄ нСдостатками ΠΈ высоким ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΌ этого инструмСнта. Π”Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡˆΠΈΠ΅ исслСдования Π² Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ области ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π½Π° ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ расчСта SROI для ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ уровня физичСской активности насСлСния, ΠΈ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΡƒ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² Π² этой сфСрС

    Orientation, substructure, and optical properties of rutile films

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    The orientation, optical properties, and substructure of rutile films prepared by thermal and pulsed photon assisted oxidation of single crystal Ti films were investigated by transmission electron micros copy, optical spectroscopy, and high energy electron diffractionyesBelgorod State Universit

    STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF FOOTBALL CLUB DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

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    This research is aimedΒ  to analyze the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on professional football clubs, identify the problems they face and propose strategic anti-crisis measures. The work is based on the analysis of the mapping study on measuring the economic impact of COVID-19 on the sport sector in the EU, provided by European Commission; analytical reports from Deloitte and KPMG containing empirical data on European football, academic research by foreign scientists examining the impact of the pandemic on the football industry. The study resulted in the author's strategic measures to improve the efficiency of football clubs in the face of restrictions caused by the spread of coronavirus, and a system of performance indicators (KPI), concerning the business developments during a pandemic. These results can be used in the strategic management of football clubs, as well as in the development strategies of federations, leagues and individual clubs, and can lead to an increase in the overall efficiency of their activities and the achievement of economic and social results. For the first time, the work carried out a comprehensive study of the consequences of the pandemic for the development of the football industry and offered the author’s view of solving current problems and finding new ways to develop the football business

    APPLICATION OF INNOVATIVE DIGITAL PRODUCTS IN SPORTS INDUSTRY

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    This article considers innovative solutions used in sports industry. Taking into account the importance for the consumer in the context of pandemic restrictions, as well as the presence of a large number of modern technological cases, the author focuses on fitness sector. The innovative solutions discussed in the study can be classified as follows: mobile apps; sensors; virtual reality. The analysis allowed the author to highlight the pros and cons of digitalization, determine the development trends of fitness industry, the specifics of its financial model and competitiveness. Despite the importance of automation, the author emphasizes the high role of β€œliving” labor, the importance of which can be studied in further developments

    ΠŸΠ Π•Π”ΠŸΠ Π˜ΠΠ˜ΠœΠΠ’Π•Π›Π¬Π‘Π’Π’Πž Π’ Π˜ΠΠ”Π£Π‘Π’Π Π˜Π˜ БПОРВА: ΠΠΠŸΠ ΠΠ’Π›Π•ΠΠ˜Π―, Π˜ΠΠΠžΠ’ΠΠ¦Π˜Π˜ И ЀОРМЫ ΠŸΠžΠ”Π”Π•Π Π–ΠšΠ˜

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    Within the framework of this article, the authors analyze the following areas of entrepreneurial activity in sports industry: sports and health services, including fitness clubs, sports clubs, schools and academies; managing the competitions (leagues); corporate sports; media resources; bookmakers, e-sports. As part of the work, positive examples of entrepreneurship in sports industry were noted, as well as the role, interests and tasks of the state. The directions of innovative development within each of the identified blocks are considered separately. The authors also systematized support measures for development entrepreneurship (small and medium enterprises – SME) and identified its features for the sports industry. Following directions for further research are proposed: analysis of individual markets for entrepreneurship in the sports industry; development and testing of methods for assessing the effectiveness of support measures for SME in sports industry; development of professional training of entrepreneurs for the sports industry.Π’ Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ… настоящСй ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠΈ Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ направлСния ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π² индустрии спорта: спортивно-ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ услуги, Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ числС фитнСс-ΠΊΠ»ΡƒΠ±Ρ‹, спортивныС ΠΊΠ»ΡƒΠ±Ρ‹, ΡˆΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ‹ ΠΈ Π°ΠΊΠ°Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ; организация сорСвнований (Π»ΠΈΠ³); ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ спорт; мСдиарСсурсы; букмСкСрскиС ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹, кибСрспорт. Π’ Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²Π° Π² индустрии спорта, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ, интСрСсы ΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ государства. ΠžΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ рассмотрСны направлСния ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ развития Π² Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ². Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ систСматизировали ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²Π° ΠΈ выявили Π΅Π³ΠΎ особСнности для индустрии спорта. Π’ качСствС Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π΄Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡˆΠΈΡ… исслСдований Π² Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ сфСрС ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹: Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Ρ‹Π½ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²Π° Π² индустрии спорта; Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ апробация ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ эффСктивности ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²Π° Π² индустрии спорта; Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ для индустрии спорта

    ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN SPORTS INDUSTRY: DIRECTIONS, INNOVATIONS AND SUPPORT

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    Within the framework of this article, the authors analyze the following areas of entrepreneurial activity in sports industry: sports and health services, including fitness clubs, sports clubs, schools and academies; managing the competitions (leagues); corporate sports; media resources; bookmakers, e-sports. As part of the work, positive examples of entrepreneurship in sports industry were noted, as well as the role, interests and tasks of the state. The directions of innovative development within each of the identified blocks are considered separately. The authors also systematized support measures for development entrepreneurship (small and medium enterprises – SME) and identified its features for the sports industry. Following directions for further research are proposed: analysis of individual markets for entrepreneurship in the sports industry; development and testing of methods for assessing the effectiveness of support measures for SME in sports industry; development of professional training of entrepreneurs for the sports industry

    Experiments on the twisted vortex state in superfluid 3He-B

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    We have performed measurements and numerical simulations on a bundle of vortex lines which is expanding along a rotating column of initially vortex-free 3He-B. Expanding vortices form a propagating front: Within the front the superfluid is involved in rotation and behind the front the twisted vortex state forms, which eventually relaxes to the equilibrium vortex state. We have measured the magnitude of the twist and its relaxation rate as function of temperature above 0.3Tc. We also demonstrate that the integrity of the propagating vortex front results from axial superfluid flow, induced by the twist.Comment: prepared for proceedings of the QFS2007 symposium in Kaza
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