Hexatic phase and water-like anomalies in a two-dimensional fluid of particles with a weakly softened core

We study a two-dimensional fluid of particles interacting through a spherically-symmetric and marginally soft two-body repulsion. This model can exist in three different crystal phases, one of them with square symmetry and the other two triangular. We show that, while the triangular solids first melt into a hexatic fluid, the square solid is directly transformed on heating into an isotropic fluid through a first-order transition, with no intermediate tetratic phase. In the low-pressure triangular and square crystals melting is reentrant provided the temperature is not too low, but without the necessity of two competing nearest-neighbor distances over a range of pressures. A whole spectrum of water-like fluid anomalies completes the picture for this model potential.Comment: 26 pages, 14 figures; printed article available at http://link.aip.org/link/?jcp/137/10450

Phase diagram of softly repulsive systems: The Gaussian and inverse-power-law potentials

We redraw, using state-of-the-art methods for free-energy calculations, the phase diagrams of two reference models for the liquid state: the Gaussian and inverse-power-law repulsive potentials. Notwithstanding the different behavior of the two potentials for vanishing interparticle distances, their thermodynamic properties are similar in a range of densities and temperatures, being ruled by the competition between the body-centered-cubic (BCC) and face-centered-cubic (FCC) crystalline structures and the fluid phase. We confirm the existence of a reentrant BCC phase in the phase diagram of the Gaussian-core model, just above the triple point. We also trace the BCC-FCC coexistence line of the inverse-power-law model as a function of the power exponent $n$ and relate the common features in the phase diagrams of such systems to the softness degree of the interaction.Comment: 22 pages, 8 figure

The antiquity of hydrocephalus: the first full palaeo-neuropathological description

The Pathology Museum of the University of Florence houses a rich collection of anatomical specimens and over a hundred waxworks portraying pathological conditions occurring in the nineteenth century, when the museum was established. Clinical and autopsy findings of these cases can still be retrieved from the original museum catalogue, offering a rare opportunity for retrospective palaeo-pathological diagnostics. We present a historical case of severe hydrocephalus backed by modern-day anthropological, radiological and molecular analyses conducted on the skeleton of an 18-month-old male infant deceased in 1831. Luigi Calamai (1796-1851), a wax craftsman of La Specola workshop in Florence, was commissioned to create a life-sized wax model of the child's head, neck and upper thorax. This artwork allows us to appreciate the cranial and facial alterations determined by 30 lb of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) accumulated within the cerebral ventricular system. Based on the autopsy report, gross malformations of the neural tube, tumours and haemorrhage could be excluded. A molecular approach proved helpful in confirming sex. We present this case as the so-far most compelling case of hydrocephalus in palaeo-pathological research

Determinants on Green Repurchase Intention Vegan Skincare Products: The Mediation of Attitude Towards Behavior

This research aims to examine determinants on green repurchase intention, mediated by attitude towards behavior in vegan skincare products from The Body Shop. The data analysis technique used is descriptive test, multiple regression using SPSS version 25 and sobel test. The number of respondents involved in this reasearch were 271 samples dominated by women from 842 thousand population instagram followers @thebodyshop. Data collection techniques using random sampling which is included in the probability sampling. Of the seven proposed research hypotheses supported by empirical data. The finding of study indicate that attitude towards behavior mediates the effect of green knowledge and green perceived value on repurchase intention. The results of this study are also expected to be useful for managing the assessed object related to the design of a strategy or program that is relevant to improving the quality of the attributes

The Influence of Good Corporate Governance, Firm Size, and Operating Capacity on Financial Distress (Study of Retail Trade Sub-Sector Companies Listed on The Indonesian Stock Exchange in 2017-2022)

Financial distress is a situation that arises when a company has an unstable financial situation. If this condition continues, it will impact the company’s bankruptcy. This research aims to determine the influence of Good Corporate Governance, Firm Size, and Operating Capacity on Financial Distress in the retail trade sub-sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2017-2022. The independent variables of Good Corporate Governance include the audit committee, board of commissioners, board of directors, managerial ownership, and institutional ownership. The research method uses a quantitative and associative approach. The population in this study was 27 companies with a sampling technique using purposive sampling, and 25 companies were obtained as samples, so 150 observation data were obtained. The data analysis technique in this research uses logistic regression analysis using IBM SPSS 25 software. The partial research results show that the audit committee, managerial ownership, institutional ownership, and firm size do not affect financial distress. The board of commissioners, board of directors, and operating capacity negatively affect financial distress. Simultaneously, Good Corporate Governance, Firm Size, and Operating Capacity influence financial distress. This research implies that companies must pay attention to the good corporate governance sub-variables related to the board of commissioners and board of directors because these sub-variables have been proven to influence financial distress. Apart from that, companies must also pay attention to their operating capacity because, in this research, this variable was proven to influence financial distress