59 research outputs found
Silencing, Positive Selection and Parallel Evolution: Busy History of Primate Cytochromes c
Cytochrome c (cyt c) participates in two crucial cellular processes, energy production and apoptosis, and unsurprisingly is a highly conserved protein. However, previous studies have reported for the primate lineage (i) loss of the paralogous testis isoform, (ii) an acceleration and then a deceleration of the amino acid replacement rate of the cyt c somatic isoform, and (iii) atypical biochemical behavior of human cyt c. To gain insight into the cause of these major evolutionary events, we have retraced the history of cyt c loci among primates. For testis cyt c, all primate sequences examined carry the same nonsense mutation, which suggests that silencing occurred before the primates diversified. For somatic cyt c, maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses yielded the same tree topology. The evolutionary analyses show that a fast accumulation of non-synonymous mutations (suggesting positive selection) occurred specifically on the anthropoid lineage root and then continued in parallel on the early catarrhini and platyrrhini stems. Analysis of evolutionary changes using the 3D structure suggests they are focused on the respiratory chain rather than on apoptosis or other cyt c functions. In agreement with previous biochemical studies, our results suggest that silencing of the cyt c testis isoform could be linked with the decrease of primate reproduction rate. Finally, the evolution of cyt c in the two sister anthropoid groups leads us to propose that somatic cyt c evolution may be related both to COX evolution and to the convergent brain and body mass enlargement in these two anthropoid clades
Octreotide/Midodrine Therapy Significantly Improves Renal Function and 30-Day Survival in Patients with Type 1 Hepatorenal Syndrome
Studies of Hemodynamic Changes in Humans Following Induction of Low and High Spinal Anesthesia
A fluorescent-photochrome method for the quantitative characterisation of solid phase antibody orientation
THE EFFECT OF HYPERCAPNIA ON ESTIMATED HEPATIC BLOOD FLOW, CIRCULATING SPLANCHNIC BLOOD VOLUME, AND HEPATIC SULFOBROMOPHTHALEIN CLEARANCE DURING GENERAL ANESTHESIA IN MAN*
The Influence of Endocrine Glands on Carbohydrate Metabolism III.—The Effect of Thyroid Hormone on Utilization of Fructose
Towards a Versatile Photoreactive Platform for Biosensing Applications
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