The State-of-the-Art of Systems-Analysis: Proposed Outline for a Series and Handbook

This Working Paper contains the text of a brochure sent to 250 scientists around the world through IIASA's 14 NMOs. It presents an outline of the proposed structure and content for IIASA's State-of-the-Art publications, a Series and Handbook. The outline presented here is the result of several iterations, during which comments from IIASA scientists have been exceptionally helpful. We are distributing the outline in this Working Paper both to inform those who have helped us of how we have used their comments, and to solicit further contributions from IIASA scientists

The State-of-the-Art Questionnaire on Applied Systems Analysis: A Report on the Responses

This publication is the second report by the Survey Project on the structure and content of a proposed Series of monographs and a Handbook to survey the state-of-the-art of applied systems analysis. In the first report (RR-76-16, Systems Analysis: An Outline for the State-of-the-Art Survey Publications, July 1976), we presented a revised outline and current guidelines for the Survey Project publication program; in the present document, the sequel. we discuss the response to a questionnaire -- distributed widely throughout the systems analyst community -- upon which our revised outline is based. This report should be of interest to the questionnaire respondents, and to a wider audience as well. in that it reflects what some 160 analysts and others associated with systems analysis think about systems analysis, what they consider to be vital and important in this area, and what they think to be peripheral or of minor relevance

Systems Analysis: An Outline for the State-of-the-Art Survey Publications

IIASA plans to organize, commission, and publish a Series of volumes and a Handbook to survey the international state-of-the-art of applied systems analysis. This report provides the Survey Project's explication of the concept of applied systems analysis; it describes in detail the proposed Series and Handbook, including purpose, audience, international character, level of presentation, authors, reviewers, and remuneration policies. An outline spanning the field of interest of applied systems analysis is designed to help prospective authors with the choice of topics. Guidelines are provided for the acceptability of volumes for the Series, and suggestions for prospective authors on the preparation of prospectuses (outlines) for Series monographs are included. These prospectuses are submitted to the Editorial Board and special liaison committees established in each of IIASA's National Member Organizations. A summary checklist of procedures for development of Series volumes is provided in the Appendix

Qualidade física de um Latossolo Vermelho avaliada por meio da curva de resistência do solo à penetração.

A qualidade física do solo pode ser avaliada por meio da resistência mecânica do solo à penetração (RP) e esta pode ser descrita pela curva de RP (CRP). Objetivou quantificar a influência do tempo de ausência da mobilização do solo em sistemas de manejo sobre a CRP em um Latossolo. Foi utilizado um esquema fatorial 5x2, com quatro repetições. Os fatores manejo do solo foram: sistema de preparo convencional; sistema plantio direto (SPD) escarificado a cada ano e/ou a cada três anos; SPD contínuo por 11 e/ou 24 anos. Os fatores modelos de produção foram: rotação e sucessão de culturas. Foi determinada a CRP (RP, umidade volumétrica e densidade do solo) em três camadas de solo. Para uma mesma situação de densidade do solo a RP sempre foi maior em função do aumento do tempo sem intervenção no solo. Quanto maior o tempo do solo sob SPD, maior foi o aumento da resistência da estrutura do solo. Há necessidade de se estabelecer limites distintos de RP em função do tempo de adoção do SPD

Estado de compactação de um Latossolo Vermelho com sistemas de manejo e modelos de produção de longo prazo.

Ao longo do tempo, é muito importante, a preservação da qualidade física dos solos. Objetivou-se determinar o potencial de modelos de produção e manejos do solo em reduzir o grau de compactação do solo ao longo do tempo, determinando o período residual das intervenções mecânicas. Foi utilizado um esquema fatorial 5x2. O fator manejo do solo foi: sistema de preparo convencional; sistema plantio direto (SPD) escarificado a cada ano e/ou a cada três anos; SPD contínuo por 11 e/ou 24 anos. O fator modelo de produção foi: rotação e sucessão de culturas. Foi avaliada a densidade do solo até 0,30 m. Não foram observadas alterações no solo em função do uso dos modelos de produção. O efeito residual da escarificação do solo se restringiu ao período de dez meses na camada de 0,0-0,20 m. A escarificação periódica do solo em SPD é dispensável, independentemente do modelo de produção. O incremento do tempo de adoção do SPD de 11 para 24 anos favoreceu melhorias na qualidade física do solo

Squeezing based on nondegenerate frequency doubling internal to a realistic laser

We investigate theoretically the quantum fluctuations of the fundamental field in the output of a nondegenerate second harmonic generation process occuring inside a laser cavity. Due to the nondegenerate character of the nonlinear medium, a field orthogonal to the laser field is for some operating conditions indepedent of the fluctuations produced by the laser medium. We show that this fact may lead to perfect squeezing for a certain polarization mode of the fundamental field. The experimental feasibility of the system is also discussed.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure

New fitting scheme to obtain effective potential from Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics simulations: Application to silica

A fitting scheme is proposed to obtain effective potentials from Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics (CPMD) simulations. It is used to parameterize a new pair potential for silica. MD simulations with this new potential are done to determine structural and dynamic properties and to compare these properties to those obtained from CPMD and a MD simulation using the so-called BKS potential. The new potential reproduces accurately the liquid structure generated by the CPMD trajectories, the experimental activation energies for the self-diffusion constants and the experimental density of amorphous silica. Also lattice parameters and elastic constants of alpha-quartz are well-reproduced, showing the transferability of the new potential.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure

Atomistic model of diopside–K-jadeite (CaMgSi2O6–KAlSi2O6) solid solution

Atomistic model was proposed to describe the thermodynamics of mixing in the diopside–K-jadeite solid solution (CaMgSi2O6–KAlSi2O6). The simulations were based on minimization of the latticeenergies of 800 structures within a 2 × 2 × 4 supercell of C2/c diopside with the compositions betweenCaMgSi2O6 and KAlSi2O6 and with variable degrees of order/disorder in the arrangement of Ca/K cations in M2 site and Mg/Al in Ml site. The energy minimization was performed with the help of a force-field model. The results of the calculations were used to define a generalized Ising model, which included 37 pair interaction parameters. Isotherms of the enthalpy of mixing within the range of 273–2023 K were calculated with a Monte Carlo algorithm, while the Gibbs free energies of mixing were obtained by thermodynamic integration of the enthalpies of mixing. The calculated T–X diagram for the system CaMgSi2O6–KAlSi2O6 at temperatures below 1000 K shows several miscibility gaps, which are separated by intervals of stability of intermediate ordered compounds. At temperatures above 1000 K a homogeneous solid solution is formed. The standard thermodynamic properties of K-adeite (KAlSi2O6) evaluated from quantum mechanical calculations were used to determine location of several mineral reactions with the participation of the diopside–K-jadeite solid solution. The results of the simulations suggest that the low content of KalSi2O6 in natural clinopyroxenes is not related to crystal chemical factors preventing isomorphism, but is determined by relatively high standard enthalpy of this end member

Introduction - Enclosures and discontents: Primitive accumulation and resistance under globalised capital

Book synopsis: The contributions in this volume all revisit and reformulate Marx’s concept of primitive accumulation from diverse empirical contexts in the present global age. The chapters present research drawn from Gaza, Syria, Greece, the Philippines, DR Congo, and the Yucatan; global locations that have in common the ongoing, varied, and often repetitive occurrence of dispossession forced by violent conflict, crisis and austerity politics, and corporate expansion. Each chapter also examines changing forms of resistance from across the political spectrum; responses which in themselves serve to demonstrate the deeply embedded, historically specific, class, race and gendered relations implicit in contemporary capitalist expansion. This collection of original work also pushes us to reconsider the old distinct mappings of urban and rural by comparing dispossession and resistance to it inside and outside of the city and within sites which call for a reconstituted understanding of ‘the urban’. Overall, the scholars included use rich and detailed research to variously correct and adjust Marx from their sites of study and through engagements with theoretical reformulations ranging from modernity/coloniality, through to autonomous Marxism. The chapters originally published as a special issue in City: Analysis of Urban Trends, Culture, Theory, Policy, Action