PUBLIC INVESTMENT IN AGRICULTURAL AND GDP GROWTH-- ANOTHER LOOK AT THE INTER SECTORAL LINKAGES AND POLICY IMPLICATIONS

Despite its reduced share in India’s GDP, agriculture continues to have a strategic importance in ensuring its overall growth and prosperity. As part of the new economic policy package introduced in the early nineties, there has been a reduction in the rate of public investment. While this may not be bad for the industrial sector, the impact of this policy on agriculture is a matter of concern, in sofar as it not only affects steady growth of agriculture but also influences the overall performance of the economy. This is more so because the agricultural sector public investment has also promoted private investment by way of what is termed as the crowding-in phenomenon. This phenomenon together with inter-sectoral linkages is used in this paper to examine the effect of higher public investment for agriculture on the stable growth of this sector as well as of the entire economy. Policy implications of this exercise are important for obvious reasons.Sectoral linkages, Public Investment, crowding-in

Study on correlation between combined femoral and acetabular anteversion in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty using CT scan

Background: The concept of hip Arthroplasty started as a very simple rudimentary idea of excising the hip joint (excision Arthroplasty), through to fusion of the hip, to actual replacement of the joint surfaces with various artificial substances ranging from glass, plastic, pig's bladder, ivory, ceramic polyethylene (PE) and more recently to actual metal-on metal hip replacement. Hip replacement is usually considered only after other therapies, such as physical therapy and pain medications, have failed. To determine the combined femoral and acetabular anteversion in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty using CT scan.Methods: Patients admitted in hospital who underwent total hip arthroplasty from July 2013 to July 2015 were included in the study.Results: The study comprised of 40 patients, there were 15 (37.5%) females and 25 (62.5%) males. There were 7(17.5%) patients with less than 30º femoral component anteversion, 26 (65%) patients were in the range of 30º - 50º anteversion and 7 (17.5%) patients were in the range of more than 50º anteversion. There were 10 (25%) patients with less than 40 º combined anteversion, 23 (57.5%) patients were in the range of 40 º - 70 º anteversion and 7 (17.5 %) patients were in the range of more than 70 º anteversion.Conclusions: The functional outcome of the patients was better when the combined anteversion was between 4-7ff as compared to the functional outcome when the combined anteversion was either less than 40 " or more than 70'.  However, we required larger group of study to validate the findings

VAS score assessment for outcome of posterior lumbar inter body fusion in cases of lumbar canal stenosis

Background: One of the major causes for disability in adult working population is degenerative lumbosacral spine disorders are fairly common in middle aged and elderly population. Lumbar canal stenosis remains one of the most frequently encountered clinically important degenerative spinal disorders requiring operative treatment in the aging population. The objective of the present study is to assess the outcome of posterior lumbar inter body fusion in cases of lumbar canal stenosisMethods: The present study, 30 cases of lumbar canal stenosis, who were treated operatively with decompression and posterior lumbar inter body fusion, which was carried out over a period of 6 months in a tertiary care center were included. 16 women and 14 men were included in the study.Results: Most patients were in the age group of 41-50 years (36.7%) followed by 51-60 years (33.3%). In this study it was found that there was significant improvement in VAS score for back pain and leg pain over the 6 month follow-up. There is significant difference between mean improvement in VAS score with respect to number of levels involved for leg pain (p =0.01).  There is no statistical significance difference between number of levels involved and improvement in back pain (p =0.66).Conclusions:VAS score showed posterior lumbar interbody fusion with interbody cage and local graft with posterior instrumentation gave significantly improved clinical and functional outcome by causing significant reduction in pain and patient disability.