The Electric Conductivity of Molten HgI2-HgBr2 and HgI2-SbI3 Binary Mixtures

The specific electric conductivity of molten HgI2-HgBr2 and HgI2-SbI3 binary mixtures was measured as a function of composition and temperature in the ranges 220 — 540 °C and 180 to 540 °C, respectively. In the HgI2-HgBr2 system negative deviations from additivity are found in mixtures rich in HgBr2, and positive ones in those rich in HgI2. The positive deviations are more pronounced at higher temperatures. In the HgI2-SbI3 system the deviations from additivity are negative throughout.re attractive for optical reflectance studies of electrochemical systems because of the high

A Conductometric Study of the Bi-HgI2 System

The electric conductivity of the homogeneous liquid Bi-HgI2 System was measured in the temperature range 260—540 °C for several Bi mole fractions ranging from 0.00 to 0.38. The specific conductivity-composition isotherms are indicative of the occurrence of electronic conductivity also before reaching a bismuth concentration sufficient for a complete conversion of HgI2 into Hg2I2. As the temperature rises the share of electronic conductivity in the total conductivity abruptly increases. Comparing the properties of this system with those of the BiI3-Bi System the conclusion is drawn that electronic conductivity in liquids is due to free metal atoms

SHEEP WELFARE – PART 2

Nastavno na prvi, u drugom dijelu rada opisani su sljedeći problemi dobrobiti ovaca: 1. hromost – s posebnim naglaskom na zaraznu šepavost ovaca, 2. izvala rodnice i cerviksa, 3. mastitis, 4. ektoparaziti – s posebnim naglaskom na šugu ovaca, mijaze i posljedične preventivne zahvate, „mulesing“, „pizzle dropping“ i kupiranje repova, 5. endoparaziti, 6. dugovječnost ovaca, 7. proizvodni sustavi s niskim troškovima ulaganja te 8. prijevoz i klanje ovaca.Following the first part, the second part of the paper addresses next welfare issues of sheep: 1. lameness – with special emphasis on foot rot, 2. prolapse of the vagina and cervix, 3. mastitis, 4. ectoparasites – with special emphasis on sheep scab, fly strike and consequential preventive procedures, mulesing, pizzle dropping and tail docking, 5. endoparasites, 6. sheep longevity, 7. easy-care production systems and 8. sheep transport and slaughter

The Electric Conductivity of Molten HgI 2

The specific electric conductivity of molten HgI2-HgBr2 and HgI2-SbI3 binary mixtures was measured as a function of composition and temperature in the ranges 220 — 540 °C and 180 to 540 °C, respectively. In the HgI2-HgBr2 system negative deviations from additivity are found in mixtures rich in HgBr2, and positive ones in those rich in HgI2. The positive deviations are more pronounced at higher temperatures. In the HgI2-SbI3 system the deviations from additivity are negative throughout.re attractive for optical reflectance studies of electrochemical systems because of the high

A Conductometric Study of the Bi-Hgl 2

The electric conductivity of the homogeneous liquid Bi-HgI2 System was measured in the temperature range 260—540 °C for several Bi mole fractions ranging from 0.00 to 0.38. The specific conductivity-composition isotherms are indicative of the occurrence of electronic conductivity also before reaching a bismuth concentration sufficient for a complete conversion of HgI2 into Hg2I2. As the temperature rises the share of electronic conductivity in the total conductivity abruptly increases. Comparing the properties of this system with those of the BiI3-Bi System the conclusion is drawn that electronic conductivity in liquids is due to free metal atoms

The polarographic and chronopotentiometric investigation of the copper(II)-ethylenedithioldiacetic acid system

The electrode process of the Cu(II)-ethylenedithioldiacetic acid chelatereduction occurs in two one-electron reduction steps. The reversibility of the first polarographic wave was confirmed by microcoulometry at constant potential. The second wave was found to be quasi-reversible unless the chelate forming agent is present in great excess. The kinetic parameters of these electrode processes were evaluated from the Koutecký and Matsuda-Ayabe theories. The value of activation energy at E=0 vs. NHE, was also found. The chronopotentiometric investigations of the same system gave resultswhich are in good agreement with those obtained polarographically

The polarographic behavior of metal ions in molten LiNO3-KNO3 eutectic in presence of complexon III

The possibility of using complexon III as a complexing substance in the polarography of salt metls (LiNO3-KNO3 eutectic) has been investigated. Complexon III was found to form complexes with Cd, Pb, Ni and Zn ions in the ratios 1:2 for Cd and Pb, 2:1 for Ni and 1:1 for Zn. Cadmium and lead complexes can be reduced at the DME with E1/2=-0.70 V for the cadmium complex and E1/2=-0.59 V for the lead complex (vs. a calomel reference electrode). Diffusion coefficients D=1.5×10-6 cm2 s-1 and D=2.5×10-6 cm2 s-1 were found for non-complexed cadmium and lead ions, respectively. Complexes of cadmium and lead with complexon III gave values of D=3.0×10-7 cm2 s-1 and D=3.7×10-7 cm2 s-1, respectively, at 170°C. The activation energy of the complexed and non-complexed Cd ion diffusion current Q=4.50 kcal mol-1 and the heterogenous electrode process rate constants ke0=2.5×10-6 cm s-1 for the complexed ion have been determined

Structural change in the zeolite inclusion complex through high temperature treatment. Denitrated zeolite

In the sodium nitrate melt, sodium zeolite, NaA, forms the inclusion complex NaA.NaNO3[1,2] which contains sodium nitrate molecules in the central a cage. Our earlier investigations [3] of inclusion complexes have shown that included nitrate does not disturb the zeolite structure. First indications of a change of the type A zeolite structure and of the appearance of new phases were obtained with the inclusion complexes formed at about 600°C, such as LiA.LiCI and LiA.LiBr[3, 4]. We assumed the temperature to be the factor responsible for the transformation, and therefore we tried heating inclusion complex with included nitrate, NaA.NaNO3. The structural change and the identification of the phases are presented in this paper, while the properties and application of the new solid phase is a subject of other papers [5, 6]

Investigation of occluded and nonoccluded synthetic zeolites. Base-catalyzed demethylation of tetramethylthionine-methylene blue on a denitrated zeolite

The adsorption of methylene blue from aqueous and non-aqueous media onto the zeolite NaA, the occluded zeolite NaANaNO3 and the denitrated zeolite NaANa2O has been investigated. Adsorption isotherms have a standard form and a monolayer adsorption on the zeolite NaA is suggested on the basis of linear Langmuir plots. Demethylation of methylene blue in the presence of the denitrated zeolite has been shown from the changes in the absorption spectrum of the solution. In an alcoholic medium the demethylation is partial and yields the neutral trimethylthionine, TMT. In aqueous medium the demethylation process leads to the completely demethylated product, thionine, and the reaction occurs as a secondary process on the zeolite surface. The demethylation is base catalyzed by the activity of the strongly electronegative surface of the denitrated zeolite NaANa2O. A mechanism of demethylation in aqueous and alcoholic media has been suggested