Modelo de enseñanza modular personalizada de las funciones trigonométricas en el quinto grado de educación secundaria

El trabajo de tesis: Modelo de Enseñanza Modular Personalizada de las Funciones Trigonométricas en el Quinto Grado de Secundaria, responde a un intento de dar solución al problema del bajo rendimiento académico en el aprendizaje de las Funciones Trigonométricas de alumnos del quinto grado de secundaria de la localidad de Huánuco. El problema identificado para el trabajo, resulta de un diagnóstico real de elementos básicos del proceso educativo: centro educativo, alumnos, docentes, planes y programas curriculares, textos escolares y materiales didácticos; luego, se identifican las causas del bajo nivel de aprendizaje de la matemática por parte de los alumnos, como son: la limitada dedicación de los docentes a su actividad, la escasa bibliografía y textos con contenidos y presentación didáctica inapropiada. En respuesta a problema descrito se elaboró un Módulo Didáctico para la enseñanza de las Funciones Trigonométricas a partir de la circunferencia unitaria en el plano cartesiano; formulándose la hipótesis de que su implementación y desarrollo en el proceso de enseñanza, permite un aprendizaje más significativo. La elaboración y desarrollo del Modelo de Enseñanza Personalizada a través del Módulo Didáctico se sustenta en un marco teórico de temas relacionados con el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje de la matemática, que se sustenta en el desarrollo de los conceptos fundamentales educación, materiales y medios didácticos, referido al aprendizaje de las funciones trigonométricas a través de la enseñanza modular personalizada. El proceso experimental se realizó con dos secciones, uno como grupo experimental que trabajaron con el Módulo Didáctico y el grupo de control que trabajaron en forma tradicional, seleccionados por el historial académico del grado anterior y de rendimientos homogéneos, iniciándose el trabajo de campo con una prueba de requisitos y se concluyó con una prueba de salida. Los resultados de la prueba de salida se analizaron e interpretaron por la función de distribución T de Student, llegándose a la conclusión de que el rendimiento académico del grupo experimental es significativamente superior al rendimiento académico del grupo control. Asimismo, se percibe que la enseñanza personalizada con el Módulo Didáctico motiva y desarrolla actitudes positivas para el aprendizaje individual y en grupos de los alumnos. Con la elaboración y desarrollo de la enseñanza modular se tienen aportes, como: 1) Las Funciones Trigonométricas a partir de puntos en la circunferencia unitaria del plano cartesiano y considerando conocimientos previos de geometría y álgebra elementales, es una alternativa a la enseñanza usual de la trigonometría como razones entre los lados de un triángulo rectángulo, donde algunos conceptos, propiedades, representaciones gráficas, resultan insuficientes y poco consistentes. 2) Se tiene un material de trabajo que permite la interacción directa profesor y alumno, facilitando el desarrollo de capacidades de intuición, de abstracción y de razonamiento, relacionando con situaciones reales y con aplicaciones en la solución de problemas, propiciando el aprendizaje personalizado, poniéndose en práctica los procedimientos activos para el aprendizaje, paradigmas de la educación actual.The thesis work: Model of Teaching to Modulate Personalized of the Trigonometrical Functions in the Fifth Grade of Secondary, responds to an intent of giving solution to the problem of the first floor academic yield in the learning of the Trigonometrical Functions of students of the fifth grade of secondary of the town of Huánuco. The identified problem for the work, is of a real diagnosis of basic elements of the educational process: educational center, students, educational, plans and curricular programs, school texts and didactic materials; then, the causes of the low-level of learning of the mathematics are identified on the part of the students, like they are: the limited dedication of the educational ones to its activity, the scarce bibliography and texts with contents and inappropriate didactic presentation. In answer to described problem a Didactic Module was elaborated for the teaching of the Trigonometrical Functions starting from the unitary circumference in the Cartesian plane; being formulated the hypothesis that its implementation and development in the teaching process, allow a more significant learning. The elaboration and development of the Model of Custom Teaching through the Didactic Module are sustained in a theoretical mark of topics related with the mathematics's process teaching-learning that is sustained in the development of the concepts fundamental education, materials and didactic means, referred to the learning of the trigonometrical functions through the teaching to modulate personalized. The experimental process was carried out with two sections, the experimental group worked with the Didactic Module in personalized form and the control group that worked in traditional form, selected by the academic record of the previous grade and of homogeneous yields, beginning the field work with a test of requirements and you concluded with an exit test. The results of the exit test were analyzed and they interpreted for the distribution function T of Student, being reached the conclusion that the academic yield of the experimental group is significantly bigger to the academic yield of the group control. Also, it is perceived that the custom teaching with the Didactic Module motivates and it develops positive attitudes for the individual learning and in the students' groups. With the elaboration and development of the teaching to be modulated has contributions, as: 1) The Trigonometrical Functions starting from points in the unitary circumference of the Cartesian plane and considering previous knowledge of geometry and elementary algebra, it is an alternative to the usual teaching of the trigonometry like reasons among the sides of a triangle rectangle, where some concepts, estates, graphic representations, are insufficient and not very consistent. 2) The didactic module allows the direct interaction direct teacher and student, facilitating the development of capacities of intuition, of abstraction and of reasoning, relating with real situations and with applications in the troubleshooting, propitiating the custom learning, putting into practice the active procedures for the learning, paradigms of the current education.Tesi

Examining the ability to track multiple moving targets as a function of postural stability: a comparison between team sports players and sedentary individuals

Background: The ability to track multiple objects plays a key role in team ball sports actions. However, there is a lack of research focused on identifying multiple object tracking (MOT) performance under rapid, dynamic and ecologically valid conditions. Therefore, we aimed to assess the effects of manipulating postural stability on MOT performance. Methods: Nineteen team sports players (soccer, basketball, handball) and sixteen sedentary individuals performed the MOT task under three levels of postural stability (high, medium, and low). For the MOT task, participants had to track three out of eight balls for 10 s, and the object speed was adjusted following a staircase procedure. For postural stability manipulation, participants performed three identical protocols (randomized order) of the MOT task while standing on an unstable platform, using the training module of the Biodex Balance System SD at levels 12 (high-stability), eight (medium-stability), and four (low-stability). Results: We found that the ability to track moving targets is dependent on the balance stability conditions (F2,66 = 8.7, p < 0.001, η² = 0.09), with the disturbance of postural stability having a negative effect on MOT performance. Moreover, when compared to sedentary individuals, team sports players showed better MOT scores for the high-stability and the medium-stability conditions (corrected p-value = 0.008, Cohen’s d = 0.96 and corrected p-value = 0.009, Cohen’s d = 0.94; respectively) whereas no differences were observed for the more unstable conditions (lowstability) between-groups. Conclusions: The ability to track moving targets is sensitive to the level of postural stability, with the disturbance of balance having a negative effect on MOT performance. Our results suggest that expertise in team sports training is transferred to non-specific sport domains, as shown by the better performance exhibited by team sports players in comparison to sedentary individuals. This study provides novel insights into the link between individual’s ability to track multiple moving objects and postural control in team sports players and sedentary individuals

Crítica literaria sobre Cuentos andinos de Enrique López Albújar

It analyzes Andean tales of Enrique Lopez Albújar and repairs that, since its emergence, in 1920, are scarce the studies of this work considered an important link in the development of indigenist literature in Peru. In the face of this emptiness, he reviewed several critical and interpretative works carried out with the aim of identifying the large constituent lines of the predominant image of this work throughout the twentieth century. It proposes that the stagnation of the critical interpretation of Andean tales is the product of a monothematic discourse focused on some topics of indigenist realism.Analiza Cuentos andinos de Enrique López Albújar y repara que, desde su aparición, en 1920, son escasos los estudios de esta obra considerada un eslabón importante del desarrollo de la literatura indigenista en el Perú. Ante este vacío, repasa diversos trabajos críticos e interpretativos realizados con el objetivo de identifcar las grandes líneas constitutivas de la imagen predominante de esta obra a lo largo del siglo XX. Propone que el estancamiento de la interpretación crítica de Cuentos andinos es producto de un discurso monotemático centrado en algunos tópicos del realismo indigenista

Integral field spectroscopy of HII regions in M33

Integral field spectroscopy (IFS) is presented for star forming regions in M33. A central area of 300 x 500 pc^2 and the external HII region IC 132, at a galactocentric distance {\sim} 19arcmin (4.69 kpc) were observed with the Potsdam Multi Aperture Spectrophotometer (PMAS) instrument at the 3.5 m telescope of the Calar Alto Hispano- Alem\'an observatory (CAHA). The spectral coverage goes from 3600 A to 1{\mu}m to include from [OII]{\lambda}3727 A to the near infrared lines required for deriving sulphur electron temperature and abundance diagnostics. Local conditions within individual HII regions are presented in the form of emission line fluxes and physical conditions for each spatial resolution element (spaxel) and for segments with similar H{\alpha} surface brightness. A clear dichotomy is observed when comparing the central to outer disc HII regions. While the external HII region has higher electron temperature plus larger H{\beta} equivalent width, size and excitation, the central region has higher extinction and metal content. The dichotomy extends to the BPT diagnostic diagrams that show two orthogonal broad distributions of points. By comparing with pseudo-3D photoionization models we conclude that the bulk observed differences are probably related to a different ionization parameter and metallicity. Wolf-Rayet features are detected in IC 132, and resolved into two concentrations whose integrated spectra were used to estimate the characteristic number of WR stars. No WR features were detected in the central HII regions despite their higher metallicity.Comment: 72 pages, 37 figure

Diagnosis of blue and sustainable entrepreneurship in university education in Spain: a case study

University education, in terms of its social and environmental responsibility, plays an important role in promoting local and global sustainability from its fundamental corporate principles: “Mission, Vision and Values”. Four dimensions associated with fourteen values related to blue and sustainable entrepreneurship were considered in this study: “Entrepreneurship values”, “Personal values”, “Social values” and “Environmental values” (the variables that are the object of this diagnostic study), which enabled the internal correlations that occurred between them to be seen, according to their level of presence in degree qualification syllabi at public universities in the region of Andalusia (Spain). The main conclusion we have found is the importance of prioritizing the “Personal” dimension in university education as an exogenous variable that conditions the social and entrepreneurship values, which also has a direct effect on the values related to the “Environmental” dimension, with the purpose of achieving a balanced and significant presence of values related to blue and sustainable entrepreneurship

Estudio de viabilidad de mercado para un negocio de refrigerios saludables para las alumnas del nivel secundario del Colegio Santa María Reina de Chiclayo

La presente investigación surgió ante la interrogante de conocer si en la región Lambayeque es viable la creación de una empresa de refrigerios saludables para las alumnas del nivel secundario del colegio Santa Marina Reina de Chiclayo. Por tal, como objetivos se plantearon como modelo de negocio, Se establecieron como objetivos, entonces, la determinación de los socios clave para el negocio, la identificación de actividades clave, el diseño de la propuesta de valor, el análisis de cómo deben ser las relaciones con los clientes, así mismo, segmentar el público objetivo, evaluar recursos clave, elaborar una estructura de costos y definir la línea de ingresos del negocio. En esta investigación se utilizó el modelo de negocios Canvas porque nos proporcionó bastante información útil sobre la propuesta de negocio a utilizar, los métodos utilizados en el desarrollo de esta investigación hacen referencia al conjunto de pasos o fases que se realiza durante el modelo Canvas, para demostrar la viabilidad del modelo de negocio de refrigerios saludables en el colegio “Santa María Reina”. Los datos fueron recolectados en base a diversas técnicas, las cuales estuvieron en función a cada uno de los requerimientos de las diversas fases del modelo de negocio, como entrevistas, observaciones y encuestas. La evaluación minuciosa de cada uno de los objetivos arrojó como resultados que el plan presentado es viable, con una inversión necesaria de S/. 138,175.80 nuevos soles, de los cuales el 50% se financiaría con capital externo. El VANE resultó positivo en S/. 178,178, el VANF en S/ 240,668, la TIRE fue 69.80%, la TIRF fue 112.31%, porcentajes mayores a sus tasas de descuento 19.14% y 12.92%, respectivamente. El periodo de recupero de la inversión es al tercer año. En conclusión, el proyecto se acepta como viable

Efecto antibacteriano in vitro del extracto etanólico de Azadirachta indica (neem) sobre Staphylococcus aureus meticilino resistente ATCC 43300

Objetivo: Indicar el efecto antibacteriano in vitro del extracto etanólico de Azadirachta indica A. juss “Neem” contra Staphylococcus aureus meticilino resistente ATCC 43300. Material y métodos: estudio cuantitativo, diseño experimental de estímulo creciente. Se utilizaron tres concentraciones de volumen del extracto, 250 μg/ml, 500 μg/ml, 750 μg/ml, vancomicina 30 μg (control positivo) y suero fisiológico (control negativo). Para evaluar el efecto antibacteriano del extracto etanólico se utilizó la técnica Kirby Bauer mediante el diámetro de halo de inhibición. Resultados: Se ha determinado que el extracto etanólico de Azadirachta indica A. juss "Neem" obtuvo halos de inhibición de 13,13 mm, 15,65 mm y 19,76 mm para cada concentración, respectivamente; y de 15,06 mm para vancomicina. Conclusión: Se concluyó que el extracto etanólico foliar de Azadirachta indica A. juss “Neem” mostró actividad antibacteriana. A una concentración de 500 μg/ml

Efecto de la redistribución de planta en la reducción de costos en la empresa avícola Don Lucho E.I.R.L., Chepén, 2020

como objetivo general Determinar el efecto de la Redistribución de la planta en la reducción de costos en la empresa avícola Don Lucho E.I.R.L. Es por tal que la investigación presenta un diseño pre- experimental, de la mano cuenta con un tipo de investigación aplicada y a su vez aplicando un análisis de datos descriptivo y también inferencial. Es así que al aplicar la redistribución de planta en la empresa avícola Don Lucho e.i.r.l. e implementar las herramientas correspondientes, la investigadora pudo alcanzar resultados favorables para la empresa, puesto que alcanzó a logro reducir los costos en la empresa, de S/.268008.75 a S/.266853.45, así mismo también se redujeron los costos fijos de S/. 1852.50.00 a S/. 1007.50, mejorando en un 23.96%. Por tal motivo, la investigadora concluye su investigación afirmando que el efecto de la redistribución de planta en la reducción de costos es positivo con respecto a la reducción de costos, puesto que los resultados avalan dicha afirmación. La investigadora, pone a disposición la investigación realizada, en la cual se tuv

The short‑term effects of wearing swimming goggles on corneal biomechanics

Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Granada/CBUA. The authors have no financial or proprietary interest in a product, method or material described herein. The article has not been presented in a meeting.Purpose This study aimed to assess the impact of wearing swimming goggles (SG) on corneal biomechanics. Methods Corneal deformation response, central corneal thickness (CCT), intraocular pressure (IOP) and biomechanically corrected intraocular pressure (bIOP) were measured with the Corvis system (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) in thirtyone healthy young adults while wearing a drilled SG. All measurements were obtained before, at 30 s, 2 min, 3.5 min and 5 min of wearing SG, just after SG removal and after 2 min of SG removal. Results The corneal biomechanics is sensitive to SG wear, observing lower corneal deformability during SG use. Specifically, wearing SG caused an increase in the time and length of the first applanation and radius curvature at the highest concavity, as well as a decrease and in the velocity of the first applanation and time and deformation amplitude of the second applanation (p < 0.001 in all cases). After SG removal, corneal biomechanical parameters showed a rebound-effect, obtaining a higher corneal deformability in comparison with baseline reading (p-corrected < 0.05 in all cases). Additionally, IOP and bIOP significantly increased while wearing SG (p < 0.001 in both cases), whereas CCT remained stable (p = 0.850). Conclusions Wearing SG modifies the biomechanical properties of the cornea, with reduced corneal deformability during SG wear. The outcomes of this study should be taken into consideration when making clinical decisions in subjects at high risk of developing corneal ectasias or glaucoma, as well as in the post-surgical management of these ocular conditions.Universidad de Granada/CBU

Effects of water drinking on corneal biomechanics: The association with intraocular pressure changes

Purpose: We aimed to assess the impact of drinking water (500 and 1000 mL) on corneal biomechanics and determine the level of association between changes in intraocular pressure and variations in the different biomechanical properties of the cornea. Methods: A total of 39 healthy young adults ingested either 1000 mL (n = 21) or 500 mL (n = 18) of tap water in 5 min. The CorVis ST system was used to assess corneal biomechanics at baseline and at 15, 30, and 45 min after water ingestion. Results: Water drinking induced statistically significant changes in the deformation amplitude (P < 0.001, η² = 0.166), highest concavity time (P = 0.012, η² = 0.093), peak distance (P < 0.001, η² = 0.171), time and velocity of the first applanation (P < 0.001, η² = 0.288 and P = 0.016, η² = 0.087, respectively), and time and velocity of the second applanation (P = 0.030, η² = 0.074 and P = 0.001, η² = 0.132, respectively), being independent of the amount of water ingested (P > 0.05 in all cases). There were significant associations between changes in intraocular pressure and some parameters of corneal biomechanics. Conclusion: Small variations in whole‑body hydration status alter different biomechanical properties of the cornea, with these changes being associated with intraocular pressure levels. These findings indicate that whole‑body hydration status can be considered for the diagnosis and management of different ocular conditions