THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN NOCTURNAL ENURESIS AND TUBERCULOSIS: COINCIDENCE OR COMORBIDITY?

Objective: We observed that some children with Tuberculosis (TB) had nocturnal enuresis and the enuresis complaint in these children healed with anti TB drugs. We aimed to investigate a possible relation between nocturnal enuresis and tuberculosis in a prospective study. Material and Methods: One hundred and forty two enuretic children were enrolled to our study. Enuretic cases were treated and followed according to the choice of the children and their parents. The PPD test was performed in enuretic and non-enuretic children of similar age and sex. Enuretic cases were divided into five groups; desmopressin was given to 45 cases, PPD positive 33 cases were treated with isoniazid, and anti-tuberculosis treatment was given to 10 cases with pulmonary TB. Ten cases with PPD positive and 44 PPD negative patients were viewed without drug treatment. Results: A positive PPD skin test was found at a ratio of 30.2% and 24% in enuretic and non-enuretic children, respectively. There was no significant difference between these ratios. Although the TB-group had a small number of cases (n=10), full recovery was observed in 60% of these patients, and their relapse rate (28.5%) was lower than the desmopressin group (70.3%). Conclusion: Because the TB-group had a high remission rate and low relapse rate, and the PPD positivity rate was high in enuretic patients, we concluded that the hypothesis of a possible association between enuresis and tuberculosis should be examined by future studies. Key words: Enuresis, Tuberculosi

Pediatric cardiology Percutaneous atrial septal defect closure by using jugular venous access in a case with interrupted inferior vena cava

Femoral venous approach is the classical route of percutaneous atrial septal defect (ASD) closure. But in certain circumstances alternative routes are used. In this report percutaneous ASD closure in a case with interrupted vena cava by jugular venous approach is discussed. Percutaneous closure through femoral venous route was planned in a 6-year-old girl with ASD. Because of interrupted vena cava the jugular venous route was used. Having knowledge of this anatomical variation is important for interventionalists before performing femoral venous approach. Percutaneous transjugular venous access is a feasible alternative route in paediatric population for ASD closure

Coronary sinus atresia in a pediatric case: Review of literature

AbstractIntroductionCoronary sinus (CS) is the venous drainage system of the heart. Absence of the CS or CS ostium atresia is rarely seen cardiac malformations. Congenital absence of CS usually is found together with other cardiac malformations.CaseA one day old newborn was referred to our hospital for cyanosis. His saturation was 84% patient was referred to cardiology unit. In echocardiographic examination hypoplastic left heart syndrome was revealed. Prostoglandin infusion was started, catheterization was planned for ductal stent implantation. Catheterization revealed the presence of persistent left superior vena cava (LSVC). When radiocontrast was given to LSVC, it drained to the CS. However CS did not drain to right atrium at normal anatomy. Coronary sinus drained to the base of right atrium, where right superior vena cava opened, via a tunnel shaped vein (shown by arrow and schematically in Fig. 1).DiscussionAbsence of coronary sinus is an extremely rare condition, and in patients with other congenital cardiac malformations. Such malformations can be managed surgically or percutaneously. But either method may disrupt coronary venous drainage therefore it should be paid great attention to the anatomy before doing these procedures. Also it is important to inform the cardiac surgeons before the operation of associated cardiac lesions.ConclusionCoronary sinus atresia is a rare condition that should be kept in mind especially in complex heart defects; diagnosis is critical before starting surgical procedure

ADO II in Percutaneous VSD Closure in Pediatric Patients

ObjectivesMain aim of our study to show that ADO II device can be used for the small ventricular septal defects successfully and safely with low complication rates in pediatric population