The Maximum Energy and Spectra of Cosmic Rays Accelerated in Active Galactic Nuclei

We computed the energy spectra of the incident (on an air shower array) ultrahigh-energy (E > 4x10^19 eV) cosmic rays (CRs) that were accelerated in nearby Seyfert nuclei at redshifts z<= 0.0092 and in BL Lac objects. For our calculations, we took the distribution of these sources over the sky from catalogs of active galactic nuclei. In accordance with the possible particle acceleration mechanisms, the initial CR spectrum was assumed to be monoenergetic for BL Lac's and a power law for Seyfert nuclei. The CR energy losses in intergalactic space were computed by the Monte Carlo method. The artificial proton statistic was 10^5 for each case considered. The computed spectra of the particles incident on an air shower array agree with the measurements, which indirectly confirms the adopted acceleration models. At energies E>=10^20 eV, the spectrum of the protons from nearby Seyfert nuclei that reached an air shower array closely matches the spectrum of the particles from BL Lac's. BL Lac's are, on average, several hundred Mpc away. Therefore, it is hard to tell whether a blackbody cutoff exists or not by analyzing the shape of the measured spectrum at E>= 5x10^19 eV.Comment: 14 pages, 5 fig. To be Published in Astronomy Letters, 2004, v.30, #1

Declination dependence of the cosmic-ray flux at extreme energies

We study the large-scale distribution of the arrival directions of the highest energy cosmic rays observed by various experiments. Despite clearly insufficient statistics, we find a deficit of cosmic rays at energies higher than 10^{20} eV from a large part of the sky around the celestial North Pole. We speculate on possible explanations of this feature.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures; v2: 11 pages, 4 figures, title changed (to avoid confusion with the Southern hemisphere), analysis extended, more data included, results unchanged; to be published in JCA