The new wave of polish migration after EU enlargement - current state, determinants and outlook

Following Poland’s accession to the EU there has been a major change in outward migration patterns from Poland. In the last three years Poland has witnessed an increased outflow of workers, especially to Great Britain and Ireland, two countries that opened up their labour markets as early as in May 2004. By analyzing different sources of data we try to obtain a fairly consistent view of the scale of migration from Poland to these two countries and of the profile of Polish migrants with respect to such characteristics as age, education, jobs held in the country of immigration, earnings, intended length of stay and reasons for migration. In light of the theories of migration, empirical evidence as well as results of recent surveys of Poles working in Britain and Ireland, the wage-differential between Poland and the two destination countries of migration appears to be a valid explanation for the recent post-accession wave of migration. Given this result we run a simulation of development of wages in Poland, the UK and Ireland to find out if the ‘wage-differential’ motive for migration is likely to be influential in the coming years. We find that this motive is unlikely to lose significance, even despite the rapid growth of Polish wages in the last few months.international migration, determinants of migration, Poland, enlargement, European Union

Synanthropic Flora of Sieradz and Zduńska Wola

The paper presents results of studies on the synanthropic flora of Sieradz and Zduńska Wola carried out between 1977- -1981. The Synanthropic flora of these towns is characterized by its big diversification and rich variety, which is connected with differentiation of habitats. It includes 502 species in Sieradz (S) and 426 in Zduńska Wola (ZW). Among vascular plants there prevail apothytes (61.6 per cent in Sieradz, and 61.7 per cent in Zduńska Wola).Zadanie pt. Digitalizacja i udostępnienie w Cyfrowym Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego kolekcji czasopism naukowych wydawanych przez Uniwersytet Łódzki nr 885/P-DUN/2014 zostało dofinansowane ze środków MNiSW w ramach działalności upowszechniającej naukę

The new wave of polish migration after EU enlargement - current state, determinants and outlook

Following Poland’s accession to the EU there has been a major change in outward migration patterns from Poland. In the last three years Poland has witnessed an increased outflow of workers, especially to Great Britain and Ireland, two countries that opened up their labour markets as early as in May 2004. By analyzing different sources of data we try to obtain a fairly consistent view of the scale of migration from Poland to these two countries and of the profile of Polish migrants with respect to such characteristics as age, education, jobs held in the country of immigration, earnings, intended length of stay and reasons for migration. In light of the theories of migration, empirical evidence as well as results of recent surveys of Poles working in Britain and Ireland, the wage-differential between Poland and the two destination countries of migration appears to be a valid explanation for the recent post-accession wave of migration. Given this result we run a simulation of development of wages in Poland, the UK and Ireland to find out if the ‘wage-differential’ motive for migration is likely to be influential in the coming years. We find that this motive is unlikely to lose significance, even despite the rapid growth of Polish wages in the last few months

The new wave of polish migration after EU enlargement - current state, determinants and outlook

Following Poland’s accession to the EU there has been a major change in outward migration patterns from Poland. In the last three years Poland has witnessed an increased outflow of workers, especially to Great Britain and Ireland, two countries that opened up their labour markets as early as in May 2004. By analyzing different sources of data we try to obtain a fairly consistent view of the scale of migration from Poland to these two countries and of the profile of Polish migrants with respect to such characteristics as age, education, jobs held in the country of immigration, earnings, intended length of stay and reasons for migration. In light of the theories of migration, empirical evidence as well as results of recent surveys of Poles working in Britain and Ireland, the wage-differential between Poland and the two destination countries of migration appears to be a valid explanation for the recent post-accession wave of migration. Given this result we run a simulation of development of wages in Poland, the UK and Ireland to find out if the ‘wage-differential’ motive for migration is likely to be influential in the coming years. We find that this motive is unlikely to lose significance, even despite the rapid growth of Polish wages in the last few months

Asset Management in Volatile Markets

The 27th SUERF Colloquium in Munich in June 2008: New Trends in Asset Management: Exploring the Implications was already topical in the Summer of 2008. The subsequent dramatic events in the Autumn of 2008 made the presentations in Munich even more relevant to investors and bankers that want to understand what happens in their investment universe. In the present SUERF Study, we have collected a sample of outstanding colloquium contributions under the fitting headline: Asset Management in Volatile Markets.derivatives, financial innovation, asset management, finance-growth-nexus; Relative Value Strategy, Pair Trading, Slippage, Implementation Shortfall, Asset Management, Fin4Cast

Metastasis inhibition after proton beam, β- and γ-irradiation of melanoma growing in the hamster eye

Standard ocular tumor treatment includes brachytherapy, as well as proton therapy, particularly for large melanoma tumors. However, the effects of different radiation types on the metastatic spread is not clear. We aimed at comparing ruthenium (106 Ru, emitting β electrons) and iodine (125I, γ-radiation) brachytherapy and proton beam therapy of melanoma implanted into the hamster eye on development of spontaneous lung metastases. Tumors of Bomirski Hamster Melanoma (BHM) implanted into the anterior chamber of the hamster eye grew aggressively and completely filled the anterior chamber within 8–10 days. Metastases, mainly in the lung, were found in 100% of untreated animals 30 days after enucleation. Tumors were irradiated at a dose of 3–10 Gy with a 106Ru plaque and at a dose of 6–14 Gy using a 125I plaque. The protons were accelerated using the AIC-144 isochronous cyclotron operating at 60 MeV. BHM tumors located in the anterior chamber of the eye were irradiated with 10 Gy, for the depth of 3.88 mm. All radiation types caused inhibition of tumor growth by about 10 days. An increase in the number of metastases was observed for 3 Gy of β-irradiation, whereas at 10 Gy an inhibition of metastasis was found. γ-radiation reduced the metastatic mass at all applied doses, and proton beam therapy at 10 Gy also inhibited the metastastic spread. These results are discussed in the context of recent clinical and molecular data on radiation effects on metastasis

Molecular mechanism of the TP53-MDM2-AR-AKT signalling network regulation by USP12

The TP53-MDM2-AR-AKT signalling network plays a critical role in the development and progression of prostate cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating this signalling network are not completely defined. By conducting transcriptome analysis, denaturing immunoprecipitations and immunopathology, we demonstrate that the TP53-MDM2-AR-AKT cross-talk is regulated by the deubiquitinating enzyme USP12 in prostate cancer. Our findings explain why USP12 is one of the 12 most commonly overexpressed cancer-associated genes located near an amplified super-enhancer. We find that USP12 deubiquitinates MDM2 and AR, which in turn controls the levels of the TP53 tumour suppressor and AR oncogene in prostate cancer. Consequently, USP12 levels are predictive not only of cancer development but also of patient’s therapy resistance, relapse and survival. Therefore, our findings suggest that USP12 could serve as a promising therapeutic target in currently incurable castrate-resistant prostate cancer

Synanthropic flora of Łowicz and Skierniewice

Zadanie pt. „Digitalizacja i udostępnienie w Cyfrowym Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego kolekcji czasopism naukowych wydawanych przez Uniwersytet Łódzki” nr 885/P-DUN/2014 dofinansowane zostało ze środków MNiSW w ramach działalności upowszechniającej naukę

Synanthropic flora of Piotrków Trybunalski and Tomaszów Mazowiecki

Observations on the synanthropic flora of Piotrków Trybunalski and Tomaszów Mazowiecki were performed in the years 1975—1979. Moreover, species of synanthropic plants reported earlier in the literature for this area (Kulesza 1918— 1919, Mowszowicz 1960, Sowa 1971, Warcholińska 1974 a. b; are considered. In general, 644 plant species were found on anthropogenic stands of Piotrków Trybunalski and Tomaszów Mazowiecki, from this number 578 species for Piotrków (342 species not reported hitherto) and 622 species for Tomaszów (351 species noted for the first time). Biological spectrum of the species (tab. 1) points to a small predominance of perennial species over annual ones (Piotrków 51.7%, Tomaszów 52.2%). Geographical-historical analysis demonstrated a considerable predominance of apophyles (Piotrków 60.5%>, Tomaszów 62.3% — tab. 2). Among plant species of this group, most abundant were forest and scrub species (Piotrków and Tomaszów 19.3%), meadow (Piotrków 16.9%, Tomaszów 16.3%) and aquatic species (Piotrków 11.4%, To-maszów 10.G%). Among anthropophytes (Piotrków 39.5%, Tomaszów 37.7%) most frequent are archeophytes (Piotrków 18.5%, Tomaszów 17.1%) — tab. 2. Most of anthropophytes occurring on areas of the investigated towns origin from South-Europe-Western-Asiatic regions (Piotrków 30.6%, Tomaszów 31.2%) and South-European regions (Piotrków 27.1%, Tomaszów 27.7%). Less abundant are species originating from America (Piotrków 15.6%, Tomaszów 16.4%) and from other parts of Asia (Piotrków 15.6%, Tomaszów 14.3%) — tab. 3. As far as stand preference is concerned, in both town dominate species occurring on various types of stands (Piotrków 381, Tomaszów 475) — tab. 5. Numerical values of indexes of synathropization (159), modernization (0.51) and lability (72) for Tomaszów Mazowiecki are higher in comparison with those for Piotrków Trybunalski (S = 156, M = 0.48, I = 69) and point to a higher level of technological development of the former town (tab. 4).Artykuł zawiera wyniki badań, przeprowadzonych w latach 1975—1979, nad florą synantropijną Piotrkowa Trybunalskiego (P) i Tomaszowa Mazowieckiego (T). Florę synantropijną tych miast cechuje duża różnorodność i bogactwo, co wiąże się z zróżnicowaniem siedlisk. Na terenie obu miast stwierdzono 644 gatunki, w tym 556 (86%) gatunków wspólnych. Flora synantropijna Piotrkowa Trybunalskiego liczy 578 gatunków, a Tomaszowa Mazowieckiego — 613 gatunków. Wśród roślin naczyniowych obu miast przeważają apofity (P — 60,5%, T — 62,3%).Zadanie pt. Digitalizacja i udostępnienie w Cyfrowym Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego kolekcji czasopism naukowych wydawanych przez Uniwersytet Łódzki nr 885/P-DUN/2014 zostało dofinansowane ze środków MNiSW w ramach działalności upowszechniającej naukę