Excesiva ganancia de peso gestacional como factor de riesgo para parto por cesárea

Determinar si la excesiva ganancia de peso gestacional es un factor de riesgo para parto por cesárea. Material y métodos: Es un estudio retrospectivo de 165 casos y 330 controles los cuales se dividieron en 2 grupos: parto por cesárea y vaginal respectivamente; aplicándose el odds ratio, y la prueba estadística chi cuadrado. Resultados: La edad materna avanzada, el parto pretérmino y macrosomía fueron significativamente mayores en el grupo de gestantes que requirieron cesárea (p<0.05). La frecuencia de excesiva ganancia de peso gestacional en gestantes expuestas a cesárea fue de 27%, la frecuencia de excesiva de ganancia de peso gestacional en gestantes no expuestas a cesárea fue de 11%, la excesiva ganancia de peso gestacional es factor de riesgo para parto por cesárea con un odds ratio de 2.88 el cual fue significativo. Conclusión: la excesiva ganancia de peso gestacional es un factor de riesgo para parto por cesárea.To determine if excessive gestational weight gain is a risk factor for cesarean delivery. Material and methods: It is a retrospective study of 165 cases and 330 controls which were divided into 2 groups: cesarean and vaginal delivery respectively; applying the odds ratio, and the chi-square statistical test. Results: Advanced maternal age, preterm labor and macrosomia were significantly higher in the group of pregnant women who required cesarean section (p<0.05), the frequency of excessive gestational weight gain in pregnant women exposed to cesarean section was 44/165= 27%, the frequency of excessive gestational weight gain in pregnant women not exposed to cesarean section was 37/330 = 11%, excessive gestational weight gain is a risk factor for cesarean delivery with an odds ratio of 2.88 which it was significant. Conclusion: excessive gestational weight gain is a risk factor for cesarean delivery.Tesi

The influence of nutritional factors on prostate cancer incidence and aggressiveness

There is an increasing evidence for a link between nutrition, lifestyle and prostate cancer (PCa) development and/or progression of disease. The objective of this study was to examine the association between dietary factors and PCa incidence and aggressiveness in a case-control study. After the analysis of the anatomic pathology, subjects were classified in patients with PCa (n = 157) and controls (n = 158). Clinical data including Gleason score, PSA values and biopsy results, were compiled. Frequencies of food consumption and sociodemographic data were also obtained. The results showed that physical activity was significantly higher in control (p <.022). It was also found that some nutritional habits offer a protective effect among studied subjects, like high nuts (p =.041) and fish (p =.041) intakes. Moreover, there was a significant reduction in risk (p =.029) in cases with a higher fruits and vegetables intakes. A decreased risk of aggressive PCa was associated with fruits, vegetables, legumes and fish intakes. However, these relationships were not statistically significant when data were adjusted for covariates. In conclusion, this study found an inverse association between PCa risk and the intake of fruits and vegetables, fish and nuts. The results suggested that a diet with higher intakes of these foods as Mediterranean diet may lower the risk of PCa in the studied population. As dietary factors are modifiable, identifying food groups or dietary patterns that modulate the risk of PCa and its aggressiveness can offer effective and practical strategies for its primary prevention

Open Dialogue in Spain: an initial survey of knowledge and perspectives

In Spain, the introduction of the Open Dialogue framework is relatively recent. This study takes a closer look at Open Dialogue training, interest and research in this region. To this end, a survey has been conducted through a convenience sample of professionals, people with their own experiences in mental health, family members, relatives, university professors and students. The results showed that a significant number of participants had no training in OD, and their exposure to relevant literature and congress attendance was limited. Amongst the different profiles, professionals reported the highest level of training. These findings highlight the urgent need for further research and training initiatives to improve the understanding and application of the OD framework in Spain. Efforts should be directed towards broadening the knowledge base, increasing access to training programmes and fostering interest amongst different stakeholders. By addressing these gaps, the implementation and use of OD can be expanded to meet the growing demand and interest in this approach in the Spanish context

Levels of Burnout and Risk Factors in Medical Area Nurses: A Meta-Analytic Study

Research findings concerning burnout prevalence rate among nurses from the medical area are contradictory. The aim of this study was to analyse associated factors, to determine nurse burnout levels and to meta-analyse the prevalence rate of each burnout dimension. A systematic review, with meta-analysis, was conducted in February 2018, consulting the next scientific databases: PubMed, CUIDEN, CINAHL, Scopus, LILACS, PsycINFO and ProQuest Health & Medical Complete. In total, 38 articles were extracted, using a double-blinded procedure. The studies were classified by the level of evidence and degrees of recommendation. The 63.15% (n = 24) of the studies used the MBI. High emotional exhaustion was found in the 31% of the nurses, 24% of high depersonalisation and low personal accomplishment was found in the 38%. Factors related to burnout included professional experience, psychological factors and marital status. High emotional exhaustion prevalence rates, high depersonalisation and inadequate personal accomplishment are present among medical area nurses. The risk profile could be a single nurse, with multiple employments, who suffers work overload and with relatively little experience in this field. The problem addressed in this study influence the quality of care provided, on patients’ well-being and on the occupational health of nurses.This research was funded by Junta de Andalusia-Spain, Excellence Research Project (P11HUM-7771)

COVID-19: Drug targets and potential treatments

92 p.-22 fig.-1 tab.-1 graph. abst.Currently, we are immersed in a pandemic caused by the emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which severely threatens public health worldwide. Until now, no drug or vaccine has been approved to treat the severe disease caused by this coronavirus, COVID-19. We will focus on the main virus-based and host-based targets that can guide medicinal chemistry efforts to discover new drugs for this devastating disease. In principle, all CoVs enzymes and proteins involved in viral replication and the control of host cellular machineries are potentially druggable targets in the search for therapeutic options for SARS-CoV-2. This perspective provides an overview of the main targets from a structural point of view, together with reported therapeutic compounds with activity against SARS-CoV-2 and/or other CoVs. Also, the role of innate immune response to coronavirus infection and the related therapeutic options will be presented.Funding from CSIC (201980E024 and 202020E103) is acknowledged. This research was partially supported through "la Caixa" Banking Foundation (HR18-00469), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII-COV20/01007), Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (RTI2018-097305-R-I00), CONICYT-PCI (REDES190074 to D. R. and A. M.) and FONDECYT (11180604 to D.R.). I. M. was funded by H2020-MSCA-ITN-2017 (grant no. 765912), V. N. holds a pre-doctoral FPU grant (FPU16/04466) and J. U. was financed by FPI-SGIT2018-04.Peer reviewe

Desarrollo de un entorno integrado para un computador didáctico elemental, para la asignatura de Fundamentos de Informática del nuevo grado en Ingeniería de Tecnologías de Telecomunicación

El objetivo principal de este trabajo es la potenciación y mejora de la metodología docente en la asignatura de Fundamentos de Informática, asignatura obligatoria correspondiente al nuevo Grado en Ingeniería de Tecnologías de Telecomunicación de la Universidad de Granada. Para ello, se ha desarrollado un entorno integrado didáctico que engloba, en una sola aplicación, tanto el simulador como el ensamblador de un Computador Didáctico Elemental desarrollado en nuestro departamento, CODE-2, y que, además, incorpora un programa editor y un ensamblador en línea con el que el alumno puede visualizar directamente el código máquina generado por el código ensamblador que está escribiendo en tiempo real. De esta forma, conseguimos facilitar que los alumnos puedan adquirir los conocimientos necesarios para comprender el funcionamiento interno de un computador.Subvencionado parcialmente por el proyecto de Innovación Docente 10-22 de la Universidad de Granad

Incidence of severe breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infections in vaccinated kidney transplant and haemodialysis patients

Introduction: Given the increased COVID-19 observed in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) and haemodialysis patients, several studies have tried to establish the efficacy of mRNA vaccines in these populations by evaluating their humoral and cellular responses. However, there is currently no information on clinical protection (deaths and hospitalizations), a gap that this study aims to fill. Methods: Observational prospective study involving 1,336 KTRs and haemodialysis patients from three dialysis units affiliated to Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Spain, vaccinated with two doses of mRNA-1273 (Moderna) or BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines. The outcomes measured were SARS-CoV-2 infection diagnosed by a positive RT-PCR fourteen days after the second vaccine dose, hospital admissions derived from infection, and a severe COVID-19 composite outcome, defined as either ICU admission, invasive and non-invasive mechanical ventilation, or death. Results: Six per cent (18/302) of patients on haemodialysis were infected, of whom four required hospital admission (1.3%), only one (0.3%) had severe COVID-19, and none of them died. In contrast, 4.3% (44/1034) of KTRs were infected, and presented more hospital admissions (26 patients, 2.5%), severe COVID-19 (11 patients, 1.1%) or death (4 patients, 0.4%). KTRs had a significantly higher risk of hospital admission than HD patients, and this risk increased with age and male sex (HR 3.37 and 4.74, respectively). Conclusions: The study highlights the need for booster doses in KTRs. In contrast, the haemodialysis population appears to have an adequate clinical response to vaccination, at least up to four months from its administration

Degustación comparativa por parte de consumidores de kiwi. Primera parte

Entre el 21 y el 23 del mes de octubre del año 2020, en la Ciudad de Mar del Plata-Argentina, se llevó a cabo una degustación por parte de consumidores de kiwi, no expertos, no entrenados, quienes debieron contrastar productos nacionales -procedentes del Sudeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires- y chilenos. El objetivo general fue profundizar el conocimiento de las percepciones y elecciones de los consumidores mediante la valoración de los atributos de calidad del producto. A tal fin, los participantes de la experiencia evaluaron globalmente muestras de fruta y atributos particulares como el "sabor", el "color de la pulpa", el "aroma", "la consistencia/firmeza de la pulpa" y la "apariencia externa", observando y degustando las mismas. Además, con base en un formulario de encuesta complementario, fueron consultados respecto a sus preferencias y disposición a pagar (DAP) por los kiwis regionales y extranjeros.Fil: Berges, Miriam. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Sociales; Argentina.Fil: Lupín, Beatriz. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Sociales; Argentina.Fil: Rodríguez, Julieta A. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Sociales; Argentina.Fil: Yommi, Alejandra. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina.Fil: Cincunegui, Carmen. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Ciencias de la Administración; Argentina.Fil: Cendón, María Laura. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina.Fil: Ariza, Cristian Mariano. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Sociales; Argentina.Fil: Urquiza Jozami, Gonzalo Martin. JILAEE. UADE; Argentina.Fil: Roldán, Camila. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Sociales; Argentina.Fil: Agullo, Agustina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Sociales; Argentina.Fil: Brillanti, Carla. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Sociales; Argentina.Fil: Cutrera, Gianluca. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Sociales; Argentina.Fil: Menéndez, Luciano. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Sociales; Argentina.Fil: Pérez Guerra, Juan José Jesús. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Sociales; Argentina

Stress Adaptation

We thank our numerous friends and colleagues for stimulating discussions about stress adaptation. We are also grateful to the following institutions for generously supporting our research. A.J.P.B was funded by the European Research Council (STRIFE, ERC-2009-AdG-249793), the UK Medical Research Council (MR/M026663/1 and MR/N006364/1), the UK Biotechnology and Biological Research Council (BB/K017365/1), and the Wellcome Trust (080088; 097377). L.E.C. is supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Operating Grants (MOP-86452 and MOP-119520), the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada Discovery Grants (06261 and 462167), an NSERC E.W.R. Steacie Memorial Fellowship (477598), a National Institutes of Health R01 Grant (R01AI120958), and a Canada Research Chair in Microbial Genomics and Infectious Disease. Work in the A.D.P. laboratory is funded by grants from the Spanish Ministerio de Innovación y Competitividad (BIO2013-47870-R), the European Commission (Marie Curie ITN FUNGIBRAIN; FP7-PEOPLE-ITN-607963), and the Junta de Andalucia (BIO296). J.Q. is funded by the UK Biotechnology and Biological Research Council (BB/K016939/1) and the Wellcome Trust (097377).Peer reviewedPostprin

Extinction risk of Mesoamerican crop wild relatives

Ensuring food security is one of the world's most critical issues as agricultural systems are already being impacted by global change. Crop wild relatives (CWR)—wild plants related to crops—possess genetic variability that can help adapt agriculture to a changing environment and sustainably increase crop yields to meet the food security challenge. Here we report the results of an extinction risk assessment of 224 wild relatives of some of the world's most important crops (i.e. chilli pepper, maize, common bean, avocado, cotton, potato, squash, vanilla and husk tomato) in Mesoamerica—an area of global significance as a centre of crop origin, domestication and of high CWR diversity. We show that 35% of the selected CWR taxa are threatened with extinction according to The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List demonstrates that these valuable genetic resources are under high anthropogenic threat. The dominant threat processes are land use change for agriculture and farming, invasive and other problematic species (e.g. pests, genetically modified organisms) and use of biological resources, including overcollection and logging. The most significant drivers of extinction relate to smallholder agriculture—given its high incidence and ongoing shifts from traditional agriculture to modern practices (e.g. use of herbicides)—smallholder ranching and housing and urban development and introduced genetic material. There is an urgent need to increase knowledge and research around different aspects of CWR. Policies that support in situ and ex situ conservation of CWR and promote sustainable agriculture are pivotal to secure these resources for the benefit of current and future generations