La gestion publique au service du marché

Introduction Il est incontestable qu’au cours de ces vingt dernières années, une profonde remise en question des rapports entre Etat et marché a eu lieu dans la plupart des pays. Dès lors, il est inévitable que de nouvelles approches de la gestion publique soient présentées et qu’universités, instituts de management public, entreprises de consulting (généralement spécialisées dans la gestion d’entreprise), politiciens et administrations publiques elles-mêmes proposent des méthodes nouvelles p..

Éléments de la culture politique des hauts fonctionnaires fédéraux de la Suisse

The Swiss higher civil servants form an elite not only because of their position at the top of the administrative hierarchy, but also because they often possess other elite functions and attributes, such as University training, high social origins and military officer rank. Such a social position goes along with a political culture which présents, besides some of the characteristic features of the traditional liberal concept of democracy, several elements of a bureaucratie and/or neo-corporatist political culture. These tendencies seem, moreover, to be closely linked to the growing intervention of the State in civil society. They concern above all those civil servants who participate in this movement within decision-making processes which associate higher civil servants and representatives of interest groups.Les hauts fonctionnaires de la Confédération helvétique constituent une élite non seulement du fait de leur position au sommet de la hiérarchie administrative, mais aussi parce qu'ils cumulent souvent d'autres attributs élitaires tels que la formation universitaire, l'origine sociale supérieure et le grade d'officier de l'armée. Cette insertion sociale va de pair avec une culture politique qui présente, à côté de quelques-uns des traits caractéristiques de la conception libérale traditionnelle de la démocratie, plusieurs éléments d'une culture politique bureaucratique et/ou néo-corporatiste. Ces tendances semblent d'ailleurs être étroitement liées à l'intervention croissante de l'Etat dans la société civile. En effet, elles touchent plus particulièrement les fonctionnaires qui participent à ce mouvement dans le cadre des processus de décision qui associent hauts fonctionnaires et représentants des groupes d'intérêts.Urio Paolo, Baumann Élisabeth. Éléments de la culture politique des hauts fonctionnaires fédéraux de la Suisse. In: Revue française de science politique, 38ᵉ année, n°1, 1988. pp. 84-106

Membrane remodeling induced by the dynamin-related protein Drp1 stimulates Bax oligomerization

In response to many apoptotic stimuli, oligomerization of Bax is essential for mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization and the ensuing release of cytochrome c. These events are accompanied by mitochondrial fission that appears to require Drp1, a large GTPase of the dynamin superfamily. Loss of Drp1 leads to decreased cytochrome c release by a mechanism that is poorly understood. Here we show that Drp1 stimulates tBid-induced Bax oligomerization and cytochrome c release by promoting tethering and hemifusion of membranes in vitro. This function of Drp1 is independent of its GTPase activity and relies on arginine 247 and the presence of cardiolipin in membranes. In cells, overexpression of Drp1 R247A/E delays Bax oligomerization and cell death. Our findings uncover a function of Drp1 and provide insight into the mechanism of Bax oligomerization

Membrane remodeling induced by the dynamin-related protein Drp1 stimulates Bax oligomerization

In response to many apoptotic stimuli, oligomerization of Bax is essential for mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization and the ensuing release of cytochrome c. These events are accompanied by mitochondrial fission that appears to require Drp1, a large GTPase of the dynamin superfamily. Loss of Drp1 leads to decreased cytochrome c release by a mechanism that is poorly understood. Here we show that Drp1 stimulates tBid-induced Bax oligomerization and cytochrome c release by promoting tethering and hemifusion of membranes in vitro. This function of Drp1 is independent of its GTPase activity and relies on arginine 247 and the presence of cardiolipin in membranes. In cells, overexpression of Drp1 R247A/E delays Bax oligomerization and cell death. Our findings uncover a function of Drp1 and provide insight into the mechanism of Bax oligomerization

Observations on the state of comparative administration research in Europe : more comparable than comparative

This article tries to review public administration research undertaken in Europe since about 1980. As there is little comparative research, an attempt is made to systematize comparable research along three dimensions: organization structures (macro and micro), meta-policymaking as it refers to budgeting and planning procedures, and research about personnel and personnel policy. It is obseroed that neo-conseroative reform policies in the Anglo-American countries have had a noticeable impact on the orientation of academic research. Subsequently, these policies not only affected macro-structures by privatization and decentralization measures, but also gave meta-policymaking a characteristic turn, quite as it tried to induce a more managerialist role understanding in the civil seroice. It is argued in favor of more basic research and the institutionalization of administrative monitoring on the national level as well as stronger cooperation on the international level to advance comparative research beyond secondary analysis of the incidentally comparable