Ensuring Vitality through Diversity: Folklorists, the Comparative Impulse, and the Appreciation of Culture

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Creating a Climate of Support for Forensics Programs

This paper offers three recommendations bearing on the general topic of administrative support and publicity. First, I urge the collection and dissemination of information about funding levels, activity levels, and instructional demands in forensics. This information would provide an important data base for directors of forensics who bear the primary responsibility for securing sup­ port for their forensics program and negotiating expectations that influence outside assessments of program quality and instructional performance. Second, a call for increased attention to non-competitive public service programs as a means of enhancing program visibility and reaffirming a commitment to speech as a means for public discussion and decision making is issued. Finally. greater focus on training undergraduate students interested in teaching speech activities is encouraged as a means of cultivating a supportive relationship between collegiate programs and high school forensics. This paper examines the general topic are.a of administrative support and publicity by offering recommendations in two areas. In creating a climate of support, I suggest that program directors need information which would allow them to make a specific and persuasive case concerning what constitutes an appropriate level of institutional support for the activity. Adequate data about the funding, staffing, and activity levels that prevail in the forensics community would allow a more accurate assessment of what level of achievement and visibility a program might be expected to achieve given a specific level of support. I examine the issue of funding and staffing individual events programs and recommend that supportive information be made more readily available to forensics directors charged with the responsibility of negotiating on behalf of themselves and the programs they direct. Secondly, I suggest that a serious commitment to the non-competitive aspects of forensics is a means of enhancing program status, visibility, and service. Initially, the relationship of college forensics programs to campus and community is explored and greater emphasis on non-competitive public events as a means of campus and community service is encouraged. Finally, I suggest that collegiate forensics cultivate a more supportive role relative IO high school programs through undergraduate level training in forensics administration

Indoor/Ambient Residential Air Toxics Results in Rural Western Montana

Indoor and ambient concentrations of 21 volatile organic compounds (including 14 hazardous air pollutants) were measured in the homes of nearly 80 western Montana (Missoula) high school students as part of the ‘Air Toxics Under the Big Sky’ program during the 2004/2005 and 2005/2006 school years. Target analytes were measured using low flow air sampling pumps and sorbent tubes, with analysis of the exposed samples by thermal desorption/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (TD/GC/MS). The results reported here present the findings of the first indoor/ambient air toxics monitoring program conducted in a semi-rural valley location located in the Northern Rocky Mountain/Western Montana region. Of all of the air toxics quantified in this study, toluene was found to be the most abundant compound in both the indoor and ambient environments during each of the two school years. Indoor log-transformed mean concentrations were found to be higher when compared with ambient log-transformed mean concentrations at P\u3c0.001 for the majority of the compounds, supporting the results of previous studies conducted in urban areas. For the air toxics consistently measured throughout this program, concentrations were approximately six times higher inside the student’s homes compared to those simultaneously measured directly outside their homes. For the majority of the compounds, there were no significant correlations between indoor and ambient concentrations

CT measurements of tracheal diameter and length in normocephalic cats.

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to measure the tracheal dimensions of normocephalic cats using CT. METHODS CT images of 15 client-owned normocephalic cats were retrospectively evaluated to measure the length of the feline trachea. Transverse and vertical inner diameters were measured in five different tracheal regions, and the cross-sectional area of the tracheal lumen was calculated for each point of measurement. Descriptive statistics were applied using a two-tailed t-test. RESULTS The mean ± SD length of the trachea was 125.13 ± 14.41 mm. Male cats had significantly larger tracheas than female cats. The transverse diameter first increased by 0.94 mm between the most cranial point of measurement and the middle of the trachea. It then decreased by 1.38 mm between the middle of the trachea and the most caudal point of measurement. The vertical diameter decreased by 1.16 mm between the first point of measurement and the penultimate point, and then increased by 0.06 mm between the penultimate point of measurement and the end of the trachea. The two different diameters resulted in an elliptical trachea shape. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The feline trachea was circular only at its cranial and caudal ends, and elliptical with a dorsoventral flattening along the rest of its length. Vertical and transverse diameters varied along the entire length. Tracheal shape differences should be considered when performing permanent tracheostomy, tracheal anastomosis or stenting in cats

Comparison of the Trachea in Normocephalic versus Brachycephalic Cats on the Basis of CT-Derived Measurements.

Tracheal hypoplasia is a major concern in brachycephalic dogs, but there is no consensus for the trachea in brachycephalic cats. We aimed to compare tracheal length and diameter between normo- and brachycephalic cats using computed tomography (CT) image measurements and evaluate their usefulness in tracheostomy planning. A total of 15 normocephalic and 14 brachycephalic cats were included in the study. Tracheas of normocephalic cats were significantly longer compared with brachycephalic cats. No difference was detected in tracheal diameter between normocephalic and brachycephalic cats. Both groups had a lateral diameter significantly larger than the dorsoventral diameter at the level of the cranial end of the manubrium sterni and at the level of the second rib. Normocephalic and brachycephalic cats' tracheas have the same dorsoventral flattening at the level of the cranial end of the manubrium sterni and at the level of the second rib. The location between the 4th and 5th cervical vertebrae seems the best place to perform a tracheostomy in cats due to its round shape and easily accessible anatomical location. No sign of tracheal hypoplasia in brachycephalic cats was detected. Finally, 7 mm appears to be an adequate diameter for the tracheal tubes used to perform feline tracheostomies

Clinical implementation of 4-dimensional radiotherapy for treatment of lung cancer

Senan, S. [Promotor]Slotman, B.J. [Promotor]Lagerwaard, F.J. [Copromotor

Indoor/Ambient Residential Air Toxics Results in Rural Western Montana

Indoor and ambient concentrations of 21 Volatile Organic Compounds (including 14 Hazardous Air Pollutants) were measured in the homes of nearly 80 western Montana (Missoula) high school students as part of the ‘Air Toxics Under the Big Sky’ program during the 2004/2005 and 2005/2006 school years. Target analytes were measured using low flow air sampling pumps and sorbent tubes, with analysis of the exposed samples by Thermal Desorption/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (TD/GC/MS). The results reported here present the findings of the first indoor/ambient air toxics monitoring program conducted in a semi-rural valley location located in the Northern Rocky Mountain/western Montana region. Of all of the air toxics quantified in this study, toluene was found to be the most abundant compound in both the indoor and ambient environments during each of the two school years. Indoor log-transformed mean concentrations were found to be higher when compared with ambient log-transformed mean concentrations at P \u3c 0.001 for the majority of the compounds, supporting the results of previous studies conducted in urban areas. For the air toxics consistently measured throughout this program, concentrations were approximately six times higher inside the student’s homes compared to those simultaneously measured directly outside their homes. For the majority of the compounds, there were no significant correlations between indoor and ambient concentrations