One Health Surveillance with Electronic Integrated Disease Surveillance System

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this demonstration is to show conference attendees how one-health surveillance in medical, veterinary and environmental sectors can be improved with Electronic Integrated Disease Surveillance System (EIDSS) using CCHF as an example from Kazakhstan. INTRODUCTION: EIDSS supports collection and analysis of epidemiological, clinical and laboratory information on infectious diseases in medical, veterinary and environmental sectors. At this moment the system is deployed in Kazakhstan at 150 sites (planned 271) in the veterinary surveillance and at 8 sites (planned 23) in human surveillance. The system enforces the one-health concept and provides capacity to improve surveillance and response to infectious disease including especially dangerous like CCHF. EIDSS has been in development since 2005 and is a free-of-charge tool with plans for open-source development. The system development is based on expertise of a number of US and international experts including CDC, WRAIR, USAMRIID, et al. METHODS: Effective monitoring and control of zoonotic diseases requires integrated approach to surveillance in medical, veterinary and environmental sectors. Capability to rapidly collect and analyze information from these sectors is challenging due to diversity of different systems often used in these areas. EIDSS presented a unique integrated solution which allows collecting, sharing and analyzing data across these sectors. In those countries where this system is implemented both in human and veterinary surveillance (Georgia, Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan), it provides a unique opportunity to improve monitoring and control capability. In Kazakhstan and other countries experts are working on creating and improving effective analysis methods. In particular a method of real-time control of CCHF situation was developed in Kazakhstan. It allows the assembly of raw data gathered at the lower level in, surveillance system throughout the country on CCHF cases in humans, assemble ticks vector surveillance campaigns and laboratory diagnostic results and analyze these data against population density. This gives a one-step tool to an epidemiologist to understand the situation and plan response at the national and regional level (see sample map). A quick link with the veterinary response teams allow to rapidly act with domestic animals prophylaxis measures. Demonstration of the tool encouraging the One Health approach to the surveillance which is already in place in a number of countries provides an exclusive opportunity to review different aspects of its utilization in practice as well as discuss challenges and benefits of this method in resource limited environments. CONCLUSIONS: EIDSS provides a capacity to improve one-health disease surveillance in human, veterinary and vector sectors by rapidly collecting, disseminating and analyzing data on infectious diseases. Particular methods which are being developed in Kazakhstan and other participating countries provide an instrument to epidemiologists to make decisions and more effectively plan response measures. Currently particular methods were tested for CCHF infection. It is planned to introduce methods for brucellosis and other infectious diseases of special interest in Central Asia and Caucasus Region. [Figure: see text

One Health Surveillance with Electronic Integrated Disease Surveillance System

Electronic Integrated Disease Surveillance System (EIDSS) improves one-health surveillance in medical, veterinary and environmental sectors by providing a capability to rapidly collect disseminate and analyze data on infectious diseases. In this showcase the system is demonstrated on CCHF research example from Kazakhstan. It covers all steps of the process including a data gathering on human cases on the district levels using handhelds, web access or desktop applications, conducting vector surveillance campaigns for ticks investigations, linking laboratory results, sharing the data across organizations and a one-click integrated analysis of epidemiological situation with CCHF for epidemiologists on national and regional level

Modernization of Epi Surveillance in Kazakhstan: Transition to Risk Assessment and Real-Time Monitoring Based on Situational Center

The paper presents a concept for sanitary-epidemiological monitoring system reinforcement in Kazakhstan based on the deployed electronic surveillance system, risk assessment and management approach, and establishment of a Situational Center. It outlines the internal and external information sources for their further analysis and formulates tasks to implement proposed concept

Methodology of Epidemic Risk Management in Kazakhstan with Open-Source EIDSS

In order to transition the forecasting, estimation and management of epidemic risks to individual administrative areas, the Agency for Consumer Rights Protection of Kazakhstan has developed the Regional Sanitary-Epidemiological Passport (RSEP). The RSEP will contain information on the infectious incidence rate dynamics according to the main infections (7 nosologies) with a forecast for 2-3 years, and natural and soil foci GIS maps for especially dangerous pathogens with their activity forecast for 3-5 years. Approbation of RSEP was conducted for the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever. Planned work includes estimation method adjustment, retrospective databank formation, GIS archive creation and Open-source EIDSS system application

Modernization of Epi Surveillance in Kazakhstan: Transition to Risk Assessment and Real-Time Monitoring Based on Situational Center

The paper presents a concept for sanitary-epidemiological monitoring system reinforcement in Kazakhstan based on the deployed electronic surveillance system, risk assessment and management approach, and establishment of a Situational Center. It outlines the internal and external information sources for their further analysis and formulates tasks to implement proposed concept

Comparison of the Disease Surveillance Data Collection Technologies in Tanzania

Tanzania has a distributed disease surveillance infrastructure for human and animal disease surveillance that requires application of new technologies to improve surveillance data timeliness and quality. This work compares four technologies for nation-wide use in surveillance: (1) online voice, (2) SMS, (3) mobile web, and (4) Android applications on cell phones. The best technology on availability and sustainability is an Android-based application with limited availability. The mobile web is second best for capability and sustainability and is much more available. The forecast for 2016 shows significant improvement of technology availability providing strong foundation for future systems implementation in Tanzania

Comparison of the Disease Surveillance Data Collection Technologies in Tanzania

Tanzania has a distributed disease surveillance infrastructure for human and animal disease surveillance that requires application of new technologies to improve surveillance data timeliness and quality. This work compares four technologies for nation-wide use in surveillance: (1) online voice, (2) SMS, (3) mobile web, and (4) Android applications on cell phones. The best technology on availability and sustainability is an Android-based application with limited availability. The mobile web is second best for capability and sustainability and is much more available. The forecast for 2016 shows significant improvement of technology availability providing strong foundation for future systems implementation in Tanzania

EIDSS Application for CCHF Foci Activity Epi-Analysis and Prediction in Kazakhstan

Electronic Integrated Disease Surveillance System (EIDSS) was used to applied epi-analysis and prediction capabilities for situation in CCHF foci in Kazakhstan. Three indicators were used: population density in the CCHF-disadvantaged area; tick infection rate; human incidence rate. Maps generated in EIDSS allowed visualizing information and conducting a milti-factor epi-analysis. The CCHF outbreaks risk areas were identified. EIDSS software is easy to use, available for practical epidemiologists and can be used for analysis and prediction of vector-borne virus infections foci. EIDSS can serve as a basic working tool for field epidemiologists and the basis for managerial decision-making by the concerned ministries

Accuracy of EIDSS Software Prognosis on CCHF Natural Foci Activity in Kazakhstan

Based on the actual situation in the CCHF natural foci of Kazakhstan for the first half of 2013, the authors, using EIDSS version 4, evaluated the accuracy of the earlier prognosis of situation development in the CCHF natural foci of Kazakhstan for 2013 (EIDSS Application for CCHF Foci Activity Epi-Analysis and Prediction in Kazakhstan). The prognosis of situation development in 2013 for 11 districts of Kazakhstan (estimated in 2012 as the districts with a high risk of CCHF) proved to be accurate in 90.9% of cases.

Accuracy of EIDSS Software Prognosis on CCHF Natural Foci Activity in Kazakhstan

Based on the actual situation in the CCHF natural foci of Kazakhstan for the first half of 2013, the authors, using EIDSS version 4, evaluated the accuracy of the earlier prognosis of situation development in the CCHF natural foci of Kazakhstan for 2013 (EIDSS Application for CCHF Foci Activity Epi-Analysis and Prediction in Kazakhstan). The prognosis of situation development in 2013 for 11 districts of Kazakhstan (estimated in 2012 as the districts with a high risk of CCHF) proved to be accurate in 90.9% of cases.