Relationship between lymphangiogenesis and exudates during the wound-healing process of mouse skin full-thickness wound

金沢大学医薬保健研究域保健学系We considered the relationship among exudate, wound area, angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and reepithelialization during wound healing. Full-thickness wounds were made on the dorsum of mice. The weight of exudate absorbed into the dressing as well as the wound area was determined daily. Sections of the wounds were stained with anti-LYVE-1 and CD31 antibodies. Indian ink was injected into the wound for observing the movement of the exudate on days 3, 5, and 7 after wounding. New epithelium completely covered the wound on day 11. The quantity of exudate peaked on day 1, and then rapidly decreased until it was undetectable on day 11. Most of the Indian ink injected into the wound was retained within the wound and did not flow into the surrounding tissue. New blood vessels showed a uniform distribution in the granulation tissue on day 5. New lymphatics appeared in the granulation tissue approximately 2 days later than the blood vessels and they were distributed toward the center of the granulation tissue on day 11. Thus, reduction of exudate from the wound appears to be related to blood vessels, not lymphatics. However, increasing lymphatics may play a role in the late phase of the wound-healing process. © 2009 by the Wound Healing Society

A partial nuclear genome of the Jomons who lived 3000 years ago in Fukushima, Japan

The Jomon period of the Japanese Archipelago, characterized by cord-marked ‘jomon’ potteries, has yielded abundant human skeletal remains. However, the genetic origins of the Jomon people and their relationships with modern populations have not been clarified. We determined a total of 115 million base pair nuclear genome sequences from two Jomon individuals (male and female each) from the Sanganji Shell Mound (dated 3000 years before present) with the Jomon-characteristic mitochondrial DNA haplogroup N9b, and compared these nuclear genome sequences with those of worldwide populations. We found that the Jomon population lineage is best considered to have diverged before diversification of present-day East Eurasian populations, with no evidence of gene flow events between the Jomon and other continental populations. This suggests that the Sanganji Jomon people descended from an early phase of population dispersals in East Asia. We also estimated that the modern mainland Japanese inherited <20% of Jomon peoples’ genomes. Our findings, based on the first analysis of Jomon nuclear genome sequence data, firmly demonstrate that the modern mainland Japanese resulted from genetic admixture of the indigenous Jomon people and later migrants

絶食ならびに運動負荷がマウスの血糖値,筋肉と肝臓のグリコーゲン量におよぼす影響

This is a basic study for producing of animal model of glycogen-loading using mice. We investigated about effects of fasting and exercise on blood-sugar level, glycogen levels of the muscle and liver. One and two-days fasting significantly increased in hematocrit and decreased in blood-sugar level. A swimming in 20℃ to make a study of variation of muscle-glycogen in mice was better than 35℃. The gluteus maximus muscle and biceps femoris muscle for mass and the gastrocnemius muscle for separation were good for a sample muscle of exercise-loading

Meijer GHG Scope 3 Phase 2: Emission Reduction Goal and Supplier Engagement

This project was conducted by four University of Michigan School for Environment and Sustainability graduate students (referred to as the research team) to support Meijer's core values of sustainability by developing a Scope 3 Scope 3 supplier engagement and greenhouse gas (GHG) greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction goal. Scope 3 greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction can often present the most difficult challenge for companies to solve when working to reduce their overall GHG output. Scope 3 emissions are indirect emissions that occur across a company's supply chain. Meijer has established a Scope 1 and 2 GHG reduction goal, but still seeks to complete Scope 3 goal setting for their efforts to be aligned with the Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi). The proposed goal is to engage 80% of Meijer's suppliers by 2026 The team also developed a corresponding implementation strategy. Meijer has made significant progress in Scope 1 and Scope 2 goal setting and reductions. This research document outlines the foundational framework the team used to develop a recommended Scope 3 GHG emissions goal and supplier engagement strategy. Being aligned with SBTi will allow Meijer to be in line with global GHG reduction goals that are designed to help humanity and the environment avoid the worst impacts of climate change. To inform the development of the Scope 3 reduction goal and strategy, the SEAS team will conduct comprehensive industry benchmarking research and analysis, in addition to gathering information from Meijer and their supplier network. The project will provide the framework and goals needed for Meijer to have their Scope 3 emissions reduction plan to become SBTi aligned, and enable Meijer to deploy an effective Scope 3 emissions reduction strategy across their supply chain. In order to set the goal, the team first identified emissions hotspots within the value chain: Grocery and FreshFresh. Based on the identified hotspots, two SBT goal setting approaches and timeframes commonly used by similar retailers were used to develop Meijer's Scope 3 goals: Engage with 80% of suppliers by 2026, and identify effective factors to prioritize suppliers for engagement.Master of Science (MS)School for Environment and SustainabilityUniversity of Michiganhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/193041/1/Meijer Final Report.pdfd0a18e86-7d9e-4669-812b-ead353cc489

Angiogenesis after administration of basic fibroblast growth factor induces proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in elastic perichondrium in an in vivo model: mini review of three sequential republication-abridged reports

Abstract To date, studies on mesenchymal tissue stem cells (MSCs) in the perichondrium have focused on in vitro analysis, and the dynamics of cartilage regeneration from the perichondrium in vivo remain largely unknown. We have attempted to apply cell and tissue engineering methodology for ear reconstruction using cultured chondrocytes. We hypothesized that by inducing angiogenesis with basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), MSCs or cartilage precursor cells would proliferate and differentiate into cartilage in vivo and that the regenerated cartilage would maintain its morphology over an extended period. As a result of a single administration of bFGF to the perichondrium, cartilage tissue formed and proliferated while maintaining its morphology for at least 3 months. By day 3 post bFGF treatment, inflammatory cells, primarily comprising mononuclear cells, migrated to the perichondrial region, and the proliferation of matrix metalloproteinase 1 positive cells peaked. During week 1, the perichondrium thickened and proliferation of vascular endothelial cells was noted, along with an increase in the number of CD44-positive and CD90-positive cartilage MSCs/progenitor cells. Neocartilage was formed after 2 weeks, and hypertrophied mature cartilage was formed and maintained after 3 months. Proliferation of the perichondrium and cartilage was bFGF concentration-dependent and was inhibited by neutralizing antibodies. Angiogenesis induction by bFGF was blocked by the administration of an angiogenesis inhibitor, preventing perichondrium proliferation and neocartilage formation. These results suggested that angiogenesis may be important for the induction and differentiation of MSCs/cartilage precursor cells in vivo, and that morphological changes, once occurring, are maintained

Ancient DNA analysis of food remains in human dental calculus from the Edo period, Japan.

Although there are many methods for reconstructing diets of the past, detailed taxon identification is still challenging, and most plants hardly remain at a site. In this study, we applied DNA metabarcoding to dental calculus of premodern Japan for the taxonomic identification of food items. DNA was extracted from 13 human dental calculi from the Unko-in site (18th-19th century) of the Edo period, Japan. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing were performed using a primer set specific to the genus Oryza because rice (Oryza sativa) was a staple food and this was the only member of this genus present in Japan at that time. DNA metabarcoding targeting plants, animals (meat and fish), and fungi were also carried out to investigate dietary diversity. We detected amplified products of the genus Oryza from more than half of the samples using PCR and Sanger sequencing. DNA metabarcoding enabled us to identify taxa of plants and fungi, although taxa of animals were not detected, except human. Most of the plant taxonomic groups (family/genus level) are present in Japan and include candidate species consumed as food at that time, as confirmed by historical literature. The other groups featured in the lifestyle of Edo people, such as for medicinal purposes and tobacco. The results indicate that plant DNA analysis from calculus provides information about food diversity and lifestyle habits from the past and can complement other analytical methods such as microparticle analysis and stable isotope analysis

Effect of transpiration on plant accumulation and translocation of PPCP/EDCs

The reuse of treated wastewater for agricultural irrigation in arid and hot climates where plant transpiration is high may affect plant accumulation of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) and endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). In this study, carrot, lettuce, and tomato plants were grown in solution containing 16 PPCP/EDCs in either a cool-humid or a warm-dry environment. Leaf bioconcentration factors (BCF) were positively correlated with transpiration for chemical groups of different ionized states (p &lt; 0.05). However, root BCFs were correlated with transpiration only for neutral PPCP/EDCs (p &lt; 0.05). Neutral and cationic PPCP/EDCs showed similar accumulation, while anionic PPCP/EDCs had significantly higher accumulation in roots and significantly lower accumulation in leaves (p &lt; 0.05). Results show that plant transpiration may play a significant role in the uptake and translocation of PPCP/EDCs, which may have a pronounced effect in arid and hot climates where irrigation with treated wastewater is common