Impact of COVID-19 on fish and crustacean export from China with building resilient food system through China's lens

For China's fish and crustacean trade globally, the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak in 2020 has posed previously unprecedented challenges. This study investigates these concerns by analyzing China's fish and crustacean export activities and correlating the shift in trade throughout the pre-pandemic and pandemic phases. Despite the numerous factors for the changing trade, this research attempts to explain those related to the pandemic and coping mechanisms. The investigation is supported by and linked to a conceptual framework for the resilience of the perishable agricultural food system by China during the pandemic. The results indicated that fish and crustacean exports from China decreased as the incidence of infections increased both globally and within the country. Trade with important markets including Japan, Korea, and the United States was badly affected by the outbreak. While shipments to Korea saw the fastest growth throughout the pandemic, the monthly growth rate of fish exports to the USA was the lowest. However, China's fish and crustacean trade recovered well after the epidemic, with faster growth rates and lower instability. The pandemic even resulted in a decrease in the unit value realized for all fish and crustacean commodities. The government's long-term efforts to ensure food security and prompt policy responses during the outbreak have demonstrated that China's food system can endure and rebound from perturbations. China's “green route” for perishable agricultural goods in the domestic market and prohibition on illegal obstructions serve as examples of how to maintain supply flow during an outbreak

Evaluation of Technical Efficiency in Exotic Carp Polyculture in Northern India: Conventional DEA vs. Bootstrapping Methods

The paper adopts the conventional data envelopment analysis (DEA) and bootstrap procedure to analyze the technical efficiency, while tobit regression is applied to identify the factors affecting efficiencies of exotic fish polyculture in Jammu and Kashmir (India). According to the statistical analysis of the variables utilized, there was a lot of variability in the inputs being used by the farmers, with the most variation being in the lime input. The DEA estimated technical efficiency for the sample farms in Jammu and Kashmir is 0.9771 and 0.9741, respectively, with least technical inefficiency of 3%. The bias-corrected (bootstrapped) technical efficiencies found were slightly lower than the ones estimated by conventional DEA. Mean allocative and cost efficiencies for sample farms in the Jammu region were 92% and 75%, respectively, and 84% and 74%, respectively, for farmers in the Kashmir region. Farming experience, age, and education have favorable impacts on technical efficiency of farmers in the state, but family size showed negative impacts. Efficiency improvement will eventually lead to increase in the production providing better scope for marketed surplus. More fisheries extension is suggested for expanding the exotic fish culture in the state making the enterprise a more profitable venture

Evaluation of Technical Efficiency in Exotic Carp Polyculture in Northern India: Conventional DEA vs. Bootstrapping Methods

The paper adopts the conventional data envelopment analysis (DEA) and bootstrap procedure to analyze the technical efficiency, while tobit regression is applied to identify the factors affecting efficiencies of exotic fish polyculture in Jammu and Kashmir (India). According to the statistical analysis of the variables utilized, there was a lot of variability in the inputs being used by the farmers, with the most variation being in the lime input. The DEA estimated technical efficiency for the sample farms in Jammu and Kashmir is 0.9771 and 0.9741, respectively, with least technical inefficiency of 3%. The bias-corrected (bootstrapped) technical efficiencies found were slightly lower than the ones estimated by conventional DEA. Mean allocative and cost efficiencies for sample farms in the Jammu region were 92% and 75%, respectively, and 84% and 74%, respectively, for farmers in the Kashmir region. Farming experience, age, and education have favorable impacts on technical efficiency of farmers in the state, but family size showed negative impacts. Efficiency improvement will eventually lead to increase in the production providing better scope for marketed surplus. More fisheries extension is suggested for expanding the exotic fish culture in the state making the enterprise a more profitable venture

Comparative analysis of profitability and resource use efficiency between Penaeus monodon and Litopenaeus vannamei in India.

The study aimed to highlight the profitability and production function analysis of Penaeus monodon and Litopenaeus vannamei in intensified shrimp farms in Gujarat (India). Two hundred and twenty (220) shrimp farm households were used to identify (principal component and cluster analyses) 8 clusters of management practices that reflected various scales of production intensity ranging from 0-2999 kg/ha/crop to 9000kg/ha/crop and above for both the species. The Cobb-Douglas production function, which relates production output to several independent input variables, was used to determine productivity. The budgeting analysis for both the species showed that more intensively managed farms performed more than the less intensive farm. Empirical results show feed as most significant input for Penaeus monodon and Litopenaeus vannamei seed and labor that affected production. Average net returns/ha/year for Penaeus monodon was $16313.13 and for Litopenaeus vannamei$41640.99. Aquaculture exhibited decreasing returns to scale for both the species and estimates on resource use efficiency revealed that in Penaeus monodon the resources were economically utilized and in case of Litopenaeus vannamei the output was likely to increase if more of seed and less of labor would have been used. The major constraint for the shrimp farmers was diseases which can be mitigated by optimum stocking densities and proper feed management

Not Available

Not AvailableObjective: The comparison of the socio-economic status of fishers and primary producers of the coastal India would tried to find out the potential gaps and suggested the measures to be taken for improving their living standards. Methods: The NSSO-68th round unit level data of fishers and primary producers for all the coastal states and UTs except Goa and Lakshadweep Islands was retrieved and used in the study. The results are represented with frequency tables and bar diagrams. The Z test to compare means and population proportions were used to test for its significant difference. Findings: The results revealed that the parity is existed between the fishers and primary producers with respect to their family size, religion, social group, training, subsidiary activity, employment status, land ownership, savings account and membership with associations. However, there is no parity in the literacy, MGNREG beneficiaries, land utilising for cultivation and average monthly expenditure. The literates among fishers and agricultural households are found to be more than the rural average literacy rate. There is scope to increase the MGNREG beneficiaries among fishers through proper implementation of the scheme to reduce the unemployment during lean season as their percentage was found to be less than the agricultural households. The fishers engaged in subsidiary activity were found to be less. Since the average income of fishers was less than the agricultural households, motivation of fishers to take up subsidiary activities may provide them to earn additional income to overcome the debt trap and during lean seasons. The average monthly consumption expenditure of fishers was comparatively lesser than the agricultural households because of their poor accessibility to various goods and services. Application: The living standards of agricultural dependent population are comparatively lower than the people of any other sectors. The fisheries sector, being the fastest growing sector among the allied sectors of agriculture, the benefits thus obtained can be distributed in favour of poor fishers to improve their living conditions by adopting proper policies.Not Availabl