158 research outputs found
Radiative corrections to the pressure and the one-loop polarization tensor of massless modes in SU(2) Yang-Mills thermodynamics
We compute the one-loop polarization tensor for the on-shell, massless
mode in a thermalized SU(2) Yang-Mills theory being in its deconfining phase.
Postulating that SU(2), we discuss
's effect on the low-momentum part of the black-body spectrum at
temperatures where K.
A table-top experiment is proposed to test the above postulate. As an
application, we point out a possible connection with the stability of dilute,
cold, and old innergalactic atomic hydrogen clouds. We also compute the
two-loop correction to the pressure arising from the instantaneous massless
mode in unitary-Coulomb gauge, which formerly was neglected, and present
improved estimates for subdominant corrections.Comment: 25 pages, 17 figs, v4: consequences of a modification of the
evolution equation for the effectice coupling implemented, no qualitative
change of the physic
Depletion of density of states near Fermi energy induced by disorder and electron correlation in alloys
We have performed high resolution photoemission study of substitutionally
disordered alloys Cu-Pt, Cu-Pd, Cu-Ni, and Pd-Pt. The ratios between alloy
spectra and pure metal spectra are found to have dips at the Fermi level when
the residual resistivity is high and when rather strong repulsive
electron-electron interaction is expected. This is in accordance with Altshuler
and Aronov's model which predicts depletion of density of states at the Fermi
level when both disorder and electron correlation are present.Comment: 1 tex file and 4 ps file
Loop expansion in Yang-Mills thermodynamics
We argue that a selfconsistent spatial coarse-graining, which involves
interacting (anti)calorons of unit topological charge modulus, implies that
real-time loop expansions of thermodynamical quantities in the deconfining
phase of SU(2) and SU(3) Yang-Mills thermodynamics are, modulo 1PI
resummations, determined by a finite number of connected bubble diagrams.Comment: 15 pages, 2 figures, v5: discussion of much more severely constrained
nonplanar situation included in Sec.
D-branes in N=2 Strings
We study various aspects of D-branes in the two families of closed N=2
strings denoted by \alpha and \beta in hep-th/0211147. We consider two types of
N=2 boundary conditions, A-type and B-type. We analyse the D-branes geometry.
We compute open and closed string scattering amplitudes in the presence of the
D-branes and discuss the results. We find that, except the space filling
D-branes, the B-type D-branes decouple from the bulk. The A-type D-branes
exhibit inconsistency. We construct the D-branes effective worldvolume
theories. They are given by a dimensional reduction of self-dual Yang-Mills
theory in four dimensions. We construct the D-branes gravity backgrounds.
Finally, we discuss possible N=2 open/closed string dualities.Comment: 25 pages, Latex2
Pointlike structure for super p-branes
We present an efficient method to understand the p-brane dynamics in a
unified framework. For this purpose, we reformulate the action for super
p-branes in the form appropriate to incorporate the pointlike (parton)
structure of higher dimensional p-branes and intend to interpret the p-brane
dynamics as the collective dynamics of superparticles. In order to examine such
a parton picture of super p-branes, we consider various superparticle
configurations that can be reduced from super p-branes, especially, a
supermembrane, and study the partonic structure of classical p-brane solutions.Comment: 22 pages, corrected typos, to appear in Phys. Rev. D58, 085018 (1998
5-dim Superconformal Index with Enhanced En Global Symmetry
The five-dimensional supersymmetric gauge theory with Sp(N)
gauge group and SO(2N_f) flavor symmetry describes the physics on N D4-branes
with D8-branes on top of a single O8 orientifold plane in Type I' theory.
This theory is known to be superconformal at the strong coupling limit with the
enhanced global symmetry for . In this work we calculate
the superconformal index on for the Sp(1) gauge theory by the
localization method and confirm such enhancement of the global symmetry at the
superconformal limit for to a few leading orders in the chemical
potential. Both perturbative and (anti)instanton contributions are present in
this calculation. For cases some issues related the pole structure of
the instanton calculation could not be resolved and here we could provide only
some suggestive answer for the leading contributions to the index. For the
Sp(N) case, similar issues related to the pole structure appear.Comment: 70 pages, references added, published versio
The effect of age on the response to the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Streptococcus pneumoniae </it>is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly. To prevent invasive pneumococcal diseases, the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV) is recommended in subjects over 65 years of age. Although it has been reported to provide approximately 50-80% protection against invasive disease in the general elderly population, there is still controversy as to the effectiveness of the PPV in the elderly.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>To evaluate the immune response to the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in the elderly, samples from young adults and elderly were obtained before and one month after vaccination. The quantitative and qualitative response to the vaccine were measured by the ELISA and opsonophagocytic killing assay for eight vaccine type serotypes (4, 6B, 9V, 14, 18C, 19A, 19F, 23F) and one vaccine-related serotype (6A).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The response to the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine showed a similar response between adults and elderly when evaluated by the ELISA, however the functional activity of the antibodies elicited after vaccination were lower in the elderly group for more than half of the serotypes evaluated. In comparison of the antibody needed for 1:8 opsonic titer, more antibodies were needed in the elderly for serotypes Pn 4, 19F, 23F and 6A, suggesting the functional activity of antibody detected by the ELISA was lower in the elderly compared with the adult group for these serotypes. As for subjects with an opsonic titer <8 after vaccination, only one subject each for serotypes Pn 4, 9V and 6A were found in the adult group. However, up to 10 (30.3%) of the subjects did not show opsonic activity after vaccination in the elderly group for serotypes Pn 4, 9V, 14, 19A and 6A.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Although the amount of antibodies elicited were similar between the two age groups, distinct differences in function were noted. This report highlights the importance of a quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the immunogenic response to the PPV in the elderly age group.</p> <p>Trial registration</p> <p>This trial is registered with Clinical trials.gov. Registration number NCT00964769</p
Loss of DNA methylation at imprinted loci is a frequent event in hepatocellular carcinoma and identifies patients with shortened survival
Circulating mutational portrait of cancer: manifestation of aggressive clonal events in both early and late stages
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