Pengaruh Ekstrak Kulit Jeruk Nipis (Citrus Aurantifolia Swingle) Konsentrasi 10% Terhadap Aktivitas Enzim Glukosiltransferase Streptococcus Mutans

Streptococcus mutans merupakan bakteri yang berperan sebagai agen utama penyebab karies gigi, yang memiliki enzim glukosiltransferase (GTF). Enzim GTF akan mengubah sukrosa menjadi fruktosa dan glukan. Salah satu herbal tradisional yang dapat berperan sebagai antibakteri adalah kulit jeruk nipis (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) yang mengandung polifenol terutama flavonoid. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak kulit jeruk nipis (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) konsentrasi 10% terhadap aktivitas enzim GTF Streptococcus mutans. Penelitian ini menggunakan ekstrak kulit jeruk nipis konsentrasi 10% sebagai perlakuan, chlorhexidine gluconate 0,12% sebagai kontrol positif, serta akuades steril sebagai kontrol negatif. Metode penelitian ini terdiri dari tiga tahap yaitu penyiapan ekstrak kulit jeruk nipis konsentrasi 10%, penyiapan enzim GTF dari supernatan Streptococcus mutans, dan pengujian aktivitas enzim GTF melalui analisis konsentrasi fruktosa dengan menggunakan High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Pembacaan luas area fruktosa dilakukan berdasarkan waktu retensi. Satu unit aktivitas enzim GTF di definisikan sebagai 1 µmol fruktosa/ml dari enzim/jam. Selanjutnya data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara statistik dengan one way ANOVA.Hasil perhitungan aktivitas enzim GTF dengan one way ANOVA menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelompok perlakuan dengan kelompok kontrol negatif (p<0,05), dan tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan dengan kontrol positif. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah ekstrak kulit jeruk nipis konsentrasi 10% dapat menghambat aktivitas enzim glukosiltransferase Streptococcus mutans. The Influence of 10% Concentrate of Citrus Aurantifolia Swingle on The Activities of Streptococcus Mutans Glucocyl Transferase Enzyme. Streptococcus mutans is a bacteria which has glucosyl transferase (GTF) enzyme and acts as the main agent that causes dental caries. GTF enzyme will convert sucrose into fructose and glucan. Lime peel (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) is one of the traditional herbs which has flavonoid as an antibacterial agent. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of 10% concentration of lime peel extract (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) to the activity of GTF enzyme Streptococcus mutans.This research used 10% concentration of lime peel extract as the treatment, 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate as a positive control, and distillate water as anegative control. The method of this research consists of three steps; preparing the lime peel extract concentration of 10%, preparing the GTF enzyme from the supernatant of Streptococcus mutans, and testing GTF enzyme activity by analyzing the fructose concentration using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Perusal of the fructose area was based on the retention time of fructose. One unit of GTF enzyme activity is defined as the 1 μmol fructose / ml of enzyme / hour. The obtained data then were analyzed by one way ANOVA. The result showed a significant difference between treatment group with the negative control (p <0.05), and there are no significant difference with the positive control. This research concludes that 10% lime peel extract can inhibit the GTF enzyme activity of Streptococcus mutans

Measurement of the relative width difference of the B0B^0-Bˉ0\bar B^0 system with the ATLAS detector

20 pages plus author list + cover page (38 pages total), 5 figures, 2 tables, submitted to Journal of High Energy Physics, All figures including auxiliary figures are available at http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/BPHY-2015-01/ - See paper for full list of authorsInternational audienceThis paper presents the measurement of the relative width difference $\Delta \Gamma_d / \Gamma_d$ of the $B^0$-$\bar B^0$ system using the data collected by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC in $p p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 7$ TeV and $\sqrt{s} = 8$ TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 25.2 fb$^{-1}$. The value of $\Delta \Gamma_d / \Gamma_d$ is obtained by comparing the decay-time distributions of $B^0 \to J/\psi K_S$ and $B^0 \to J/\psi K^{*0}(892)$ decays. The result is \Delta \Gamma_d / \Gamma_d = (-0.1 \pm 1.1~\mbox{(stat.)} \pm 0.9~\mbox{(syst.)}) \times 10^{-2}. Currently, this is the most precise single measurement of $\Delta \Gamma_d / \Gamma_d$. It agrees with the Standard Model prediction and the measurements by other experiments

Klinické zkoušení a optimalizace postupu při implantaci totální náhrady ramenního kloubu české provenience

A search with the ATLAS detector is presented for the Standard Model Higgs boson produced by vector-boson fusion and decaying to a pair of bottom quarks, using 20.2 fb 121 of LHC proton-proton collision data at s=8 TeV. The signal is searched for as a resonance in the invariant mass distribution of a pair of jets containing b-hadrons in vector-boson-fusion candidate events. The yield is measured to be 120.8 \ub1 2.3 times the Standard Model cross-section for a Higgs boson mass of 125 GeV. The upper limit on the cross-section times the branching ratio is found to be 4.4 times the Standard Model cross-section at the 95% confidence level, consistent with the expected limit value of 5.4 (5.7) in the background-only (Standard Model production) hypothesis