Laboratory tests for the application of nitrate-based inhibitor against H2S formation

This article discusses two series of the efficiency tests of nitrate-based inhibitor in the contaminated media. Nitrate-based treatments are the new methods of biogenic hydrogen sulfide elimination in the reservoir conditions. The first series concerned the tests of the contaminated medium, i.e. the mixture of formation water and sulfate-reducing bacteria suspension. The second series included the results of tests on natural formation water (without additional microbiological contamination). Moreover, a series of tests was performed in order to evaluate the influence of the tested material on reservoir rock samples represented by sandstone. The results of tests were presented in the form of tables and the formulated conclusions may be in the future useful for the oil and gas industry

Prediction of midlife hand osteoarthritis in young men

Objectives: Improved prediction modeling in osteoarthritis (OA) may encourage risk reduction through calculation of individual and population lifetime risks. There are currently no prediction models for hand OA. Thus, we aimed to 1) develop a prediction model for hand OA in men and 2) to contrast its discriminative performance to a prediction model for lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: We included 40,118 men aged 18 years undergoing mandatory conscription in Sweden 1969–70. Incident hand OA and lung cancer/COPD were obtained from diagnostic codes in the Swedish National Patient Register 1987–2010, i.e., until subjects were 59 years of age. We studied the strongest candidate predictors from five domains; socioeconomic, local biomechanical, systemic, lifestyle-related and general health factors, using logistic regression with backward elimination of candidate predictors with P > 0.2 to determine final models. To avoid overfitting we used bootstrapping. Results: The strongest predictors for hand OA were body mass index (BMI), elbow flexor strength, systolic blood pressure, lower education and sleep problems. We observed excellent agreement between observed and predicted values, yet the discrimination was moderate (Area Under the Curve [AUC] = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.58–0.64). The discrimination in the prediction model for lung cancer/COPD was good (AUC = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.72–0.76). Conclusion: This prediction model for hand OA was capable of discriminating between persons with and without hand OA to a similar extent that has been previously reported for knee OA. Still, prediction of OA is more challenging than for chronic pulmonary disease

Clinical evolution, genetic landscape and trajectories of clonal hematopoiesis in SAMD9/SAMD9L syndromes

Germline SAMD9 and SAMD9L mutations (SAMD9/9Lmut) predispose to myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) with propensity for somatic rescue. In this study, we investigated a clinically annotated pediatric MDS cohort (n = 669) to define the prevalence, genetic landscape, phenotype, therapy outcome and clonal architecture of SAMD9/9L syndromes. In consecutively diagnosed MDS, germline SAMD9/9Lmut accounted for 8% and were mutually exclusive with GATA2 mutations present in 7% of the cohort. Among SAMD9/9Lmut cases, refractory cytopenia was the most prevalent MDS subtype (90%); acquired monosomy 7 was present in 38%; constitutional abnormalities were noted in 57%; and immune dysfunction was present in 28%. The clinical outcome was independent of germline mutations. In total, 67 patients had 58 distinct germline SAMD9/9Lmut clustering to protein middle regions. Despite inconclusive in silico prediction, 94% of SAMD9/9Lmut suppressed HEK293 cell growth, and mutations expressed in CD34+ cells induced overt cell death. Furthermore, we found that 61% of SAMD9/9Lmut patients underwent somatic genetic rescue (SGR) resulting in clonal hematopoiesis, of which 95% was maladaptive (monosomy 7 ± cancer mutations), and 51% had adaptive nature (revertant UPD7q, somatic SAMD9/9Lmut). Finally, bone marrow single-cell DNA sequencing revealed multiple competing SGR events in individual patients. Our findings demonstrate that SGR is common in SAMD9/9Lmut MDS and exemplify the exceptional plasticity of hematopoiesis in children. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature America, Inc

Application of biocides for limiting the development of bacteriae in an underground gas storage

Technologia zatłaczania biocydów jest stosowana od kilku lat na obiekcie PMG Wierzchowice. Jej opracowanie było odpowiedzią na pojawienie się biogennego siarkowodoru w magazynowanym gazie, w związku z aktywnością metaboliczną bakterii redukujących siarczany (SRB). W artykule autorzy przedstawili badania na temat zastosowania biocydów w celu ograniczenia rozwoju bakterii na podziemnym magazynie gazu Wierzchowice.The technology of injecting biocides has been used in the Underground Gas Storage in Wierzchowice for years. This was a response to the presence of biogenic hydrogen sulphide in the stored gas, caused by the metabolic activity of Sulfate Reducing Bacteria (SRB). The authors presented studies oriented to the use of biocides for limiting the development of bacteriae in the UGS in Wierzchowice

Molecular and imaging biomarkers of local inflammation at 2 years after anterior cruciate ligament injury do not associate with patient reported outcomes at 5 years

Objective: To estimate the association between molecular or imaging inflammatory biomarkers at 2 years after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and patient-reported outcomes at 5 years. Methods: For 116 ACL-injured patients, molecular biomarkers of inflammation (synovial fluid and serum cytokines) and Hoffa- and effusion-synovitis as visualized on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were assessed 2 years post-injury. Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and SF-36 were assessed at 2 and 5 years. We used multiple imputation to handle biomarker values that were below the level of detection or missing, and linear regression for statistical analyses. Results: None of the synovial fluid cytokines or imaging biomarkers of inflammation at 2 years were associated with any of the patient-reported outcomes at 5 years. With each log10 unit higher of serum tumor necrosis factor concentration the knee-related quality of life of KOOS was increased (i.e., better outcome) by 35 (95% confidence interval 7 to 63) points. No other serum biomarker measured at 2 years was associated with patient-reported outcome at 5 years. Conclusion: Local joint inflammation assessed by biomarkers in synovial fluid and Hoffa- and effusion-synovitis on MRI at 2 years after an ACL injury did not associate with patient-reported outcomes at 5 years. Thus, chronic inflammation in the ACL-injured knee, as reflected by the biomarkers studied here, seems not to be a key determinant for the long-term patient-reported outcomes