Sustainable and Renewable Energy Power Plants Evaluation by Fuzzy TODIM Technique

Sustainable and renewable energy systems are an effective solution to depletion of fossil energy resources and prevent serious environmental problems resulted from energy production. Turkey has rich renewable energy potential due to its geographical features. In this regard, the government puts emphasis on increasing renewable energy utilization rate in meeting energy demand of the country. Therefore encouragement policies are implemented in this field and energy investors are supported economically. In his study, we aimed to find out the best performing sustainable and renewable energy alternative and thus to guide decision makers on energy investments. Therefore we evaluated four energy power plant types, which are solar, wind, hydroelectric and landfilled gas (LFG). For the evaluation of the alternatives, there are many factors to consider and multicriteria decision making (MCDM) methods are an appropriate approach for this issue. In this regard, we determined 22 evaluation criteria in technical, economical and environmental aspect and applied TODIM technique. It is based on prospect theory and the most significant difference from the other MCDM methods is to deal with risk in decision-making. In order to cope with vagueness and uncertainty in this evaluation process, we integrated fuzzy sets into the system. Finally we evaluated the results obtained and presented a sensitivity analysis at the end

The risk of stroke recurrence in patients with atrial fibrillation and reduced ejection fraction

Abstract Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) and congestive heart failure often coexist due to their shared risk factors leading to potential worse outcome, particularly cerebrovascular events. The aims of this study were to calculate the rates of ischemic and severe bleeding events in ischemic stroke patients having both AF and reduced ejection fraction (rEF) (⩽40%), compared to ischemic stroke patients with AF but without rEF. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis that drew data from prospective studies. The primary outcome was the composite of either ischemic (stroke or systemic embolism), or hemorrhagic events (symptomatic intracranial bleeding and severe extracranial bleeding). Results: The cohort for this analysis comprised 3477 patients with ischemic stroke and AF, of which, 643 (18.3%) had also rEF. After a mean follow-up of 7.5 ± 9.1 months, 375 (10.8%) patients had 382 recorded outcome events, for an annual rate of 18.0%. While the number of primary outcome events in patients with rEF was 86 (13.4%), compared to 289 (10.2%) for the patients without rEF; on multivariable analysis rEF was not associated with the primary outcome (OR 1.25; 95% CI 0.84–1.88). At the end of follow-up, 321 (49.9%) patients with rEF were deceased or disabled (mRS ⩾3), compared with 1145 (40.4%) of those without rEF; on multivariable analysis, rEF was correlated with mortality or disability (OR 1.35; 95% CI 1.03–1.77). Conclusions: In patients with ischemic stroke and AF, the presence of rEF was not associated with the composite outcome of ischemic or hemorrhagic events over short-term follow-up but was associated with increased mortality or disability

Researching the effects of differences in variety and location conditions on the yield and quality characteristics of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris saccharifera L.)

Bu araştırma 2011 yılında Bıyıkali Köyü, Tekirdağ, Turgutbey Köyü, Lüleburgaz, Kırklareli ve Osmaniye Köyü, Babaeski, Kırklareli lokasyonlarında, şeker pancarı yetiştiricilerini arazilerinde yürütülmüştür. Üç farklı şeker pancarı (Beta vulgaris saccharifera L.) çeşidinin üç ayrı lokasyonlardaki performanslarının verim ve kalite özelliklerine etkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre üç tekrarlamalı olarak kurulan araştırmada; şeker varlığı oranı, kül oranı, kuru madde oranı, özsuyu safiyeti oranı, polar şeker, zararlı azot, briks, bitki sayısı, çatallanma, bitki başına yaprak ağırlığı, yapraklı pancar ağırlığı, pancar ağırlığı, yaprak verimi, pancar verimi, şeker verimi karakterleri incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre; en yüksek digestion oranı %12.92 Turgutbey’de Evelina çeşidinde, en düşük %10.15 Bıyıkali’de Diamenta çeşidinde saptanmıştır. En yüksek kuru madde oranı %17.58 Turgutbey’de Evelina çeşidinde, en düşük %16.39 Bıyıkali’de Grinta çeşidinde saptanmıştır. En yüksek zararlı azot değeri %0.066 Osmaniye’de Diamenta çeşidinden ve en düşük zararlı azot değeri %0.060 Turgutbey ve Bıyıkali’de Evelina çeşidinden elde edilmiştir. En yüksek pancar verimi 5.627.00 kg/da Turgutbey’de Grinta çeşidinde, en düşük Bıyıkali’de Evelina çeşidinde 4.546.11 kg/da gözlenmiştir. En yüksek şeker verimi 679.15 kg/da Turgutbey’de Evalina çeşidinde, en düşük Osmaniye’de Diamenta çeşidinde 476.48 kg/da bulunmuştur. Tek yıllık araştırma sonuçları, Bıyıkali, Turgutbey ve Osmaniye lokasyonları koşullarında şeker pancarı karakterleri bakımından lokasyon ve çeşit seçimi önemli olmaktadır.This research implemented in plans being made to study varietal and enviromental differences on the yield and quality characteristics of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris saccharifera L.), in three areas belong to sugar beet growers in Biyikali, Turgutbey, and Osmaniye in 2011. The study which presents the results obtained on three varieties which are Evelina, Diamenta and Grinta tested by using the randomized block design in three replications of plots at three locations for the following quality and yield characteristics; sugar content, ash, dry matter, purity of juice, polar, brix, total nitrogen rates; number of plants and forked roots, leaf mass per plant, root weight with leaf, root weight, leaf yield, beet and sugar yields. The results of this experiment in concise form; the higest digestion was obtained 12.92% from Evelina variety in Turgutbey and the lowest digestion was found out 10.15% from Diamenta in Bıyıkali. Evelina had the higest dry matter 17.58% in Turgutbey location while Grinta was the lowest 16.39% in Bıyıkali location. The highest alpha amino N rate was found out 0.066% from Diamenta variety in Osmaniye and the lowest rate was found out at the same rate 0.060% from Evelina both in Turgutbey and Bıyıkali. The highest beet yield was harvested 56.270 kg/ha from Grinta variety in Turgutbey and the lowest yield 45.461 kg/ha was harvested from Evelina in Bıyıkali. The higest sugar yield was derived from Evalina 6793.3 kg/ha in Turgutbey location and the lowest sugar yield was observed as 4763.2 kg/ha from Diamenta variety in Osmaniye location. Therefore deciding on location and variety combination in terms of major characteristics of sugar beet under the multienvironmental conditions was found significantly important

Investigating Reading Strategy Use in EFL Environment: Instructors and Preparatory Class Students’ Perspectives

Performans Faktörlerinin Olası Nedenlerini Belirlemek için Neden Analizi Ölçeğinin (NAÖ) Geliştirilmesi: Olay Yeri İnceleme Müdürlükleri Örneği. Bu çalışma devlet kurumları tarafından olasıperformans faktörlerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla kullanılabilecek Neden Analizi Ölçeğinin (NAÖ) geliştirme ve doğrulama süreçlerini açıklamaktadır. Çalışmanın ilk aşamasında 315 Olay Yeri İnceleme ve Kimlik Tespit Müdürlüğü’nde görevli polis memurlarından toplanan veriler ölçeğin geçerliliğini ve güvenirliğini gösteren bulguları sağlamıştır. Açıklayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda üç faktör ortaya çıkmıştır: işyeri, yeterlilik ve iş değeri. 25 maddelik Neden Analizi Ölçeği’nin (NAÖ) faktörel yapısını doğrulamak amacıyla 1176 polis memurundan veri toplanmıştır. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonuçları üç faktörlü yapının yüksek uyum indeksleriyle iyi bir uyum gösterdiği doğrulanmıştır. Gelecekte yapılabilecek doğrulama çalışmaları sonrasında NAÖ; araştırmacılar, uygulayıcılar ve ilgili kişiler için hem teorik hem de uygulamalı bakış açısı bağlamında performans faktörlerinin belirlenmesinde tanısal bir ölçek olarak kullanılabilecektir

Modeling of Asymmetric Shear Wall-Frame Building Structures

Based on the conventional wide column analogy, two different three-dimensional shear wall models for open and closed sections are proposed. These approximate models are verified in comparison to not only the results available in the literature but also the ones obtained by Using models containing shell elements. With the help of these new models five different groups of shear wall-frame structures with different floor plans and different heights are analyzed. The first three natural vibration periods are determined and time history analyses are performed. The results Of these computations are observed to be in good agreement with those obtained by detailed models containing shell elements

The Relationship between Oral Hygiene Index and Gastric Helicobacter Pylori Positivity

Objective: Helicobacter pylori (HP) is a bacterial patho­gen that leads to gastroduodenal inflammation, gastric and duodenal ulcer and atrophic gastritis. Colonization of bacteria can be shown by using rapid-urease test during endoscopy. There are conflicting data about the route of transmission and reservoir. It’s thought to be transmitted primarily by oral route. Many studies showed results sup­porting that the presence of bacteria in dental plaques has effects on gastric colonization and eradication. There are data about the potential inhibitory effect of oral flora on HP. We aimed to analyze the association of simplified oral hygiene index -a possible representation of a healthy oral flora- with HP positivity. Methods: Patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal system endoscopy for symptoms of dyspepsia were as­sessed by a dentist for the simplified oral hygiene index (OHI). Patients were classified as good, poor and bad groups based on oral hygiene index scale. Pre-pyloric biopsy materials were assessed using rapid-urease test. Oral hygiene indexes were analyzed retrospectively, groups were compared for HP positivity. Results: 66 patients (30 females, 45.5%) were included. Mean age of patients was 34.17±14.7 years. 11 (16.7%), 29 (43.9%) and 26 (39.4%) patients were classified as in good, poor and bad hygiene index groups, respectively. In patients with good OHI gastric HP positivity was less frequent. Conclusion: Decreased frequency in gastric HP may be observed with maintaining an ideal oral hygiene

CNC LATHE MACHINE PRODUCING NC CODE BY USING DIALOG METHOD

In this study, an NC code generation program utilising Dialog Method was developed for turning centres. Initially, CNC lathes turning methods and tool path development techniques were reviewed briefly. By using geometric definition methods, tool path was generated and CNC part program was developed for FANUC control unit. The developed program made CNC part program generation process easy. The program was developed using BASIC 6.0 programming language while the material and cutting tool database were and supported with the help of ACCESS 7.0

Evaluating sociodemographic and medical conditions of patients under home care service

Objective: In our study, we aimed to reveal medical conditions and the sociodemographic conditions of patients under home care service. Methods: Our study is planned on 52 patients who are under home care service at Sarıkamış State Hospital between June 2013 and May 2014. Patients' sex, education, social security status, comorbid diseases and general health status were recorded. Results: Fifty-two patients enrolled. 21 of them (40.4%) were men, 31 of them (59.6 %) were women. It is revealed that In 36 patients (69.2%) did not receive formal education throughout their lives, while16 (30.8%) of them had only primary education. All female patients were housewives. The most frequent diseases in home care patients were cerebrovascular disease in 18 (34.6%) subjects, Alzheimer's disease in 9 (17.3%), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in 4 (7.7%) d. 38 patients (73.1%) needed routine follow-up. Most of the patients (61.5%) had green card health insurance. Only 6 patients (11.5%) were in need of narcotic analgesics. Thirteen patients had pressure ulcers due to immobilization. Evaluating the exercise capacity of the patients; 43 (82.7%) could not dressed themselves, 38 (73.1%) could not use phone. Thirty-two patients had urinary incontinence and 31 had fecal incontinence. Conclusion: Today, population of patients who need home care service is increasing due to ease access to home care service and increase in survival. For a better care of patients, home care providers should be well educated and differences on features of patients and medical conditions it should be taken into consideration