Lactobacillus bakterilerinin Candida’lar üzerine antifungal etkileri

Otuz adet Lactobacillus, 5-15 yaş grubu çocuk gaitasından MRS agar’da izole edilerek API 50CHL cihazı tanımlanmaları yapılmıştır. Ayrıca 50 adet kan kültürü kaynaklı Candida ise SD agar’da izole edilerek Vitek 2 cihazında YST kiti ile tanımlanmaları yapılmıştır. Lactobacillus’ların Candida’lar üzerindeki antifungal etkileri SD agar’da kuyu difüzyon yöntemi ile tespit edilmiştir. Lactobacillus’lar en fazla C. albicans (M29 ve M36), C. parapsilosis (M25, M26). C. famata (M28) ve C. guilliermondii (M38) mayaları üzerinde antifungal etki göstermiştir. Bu çalışma Lactobacillus’ların, kan kültürlerinden elde edilen Candida izolatları üzerine antifungal etkisinin varlığını göstermektedir.Thirty Lactobacillus were isolated from the stool of 5-15 year-old children using MRS agar and identified by API 50CHL. Also, 50 Candida were isolated from blood cultures using SD agar and identified by Vitek 2 instrument with YST kit. Antifungal effects of Lactobacillus bacteria on Candida were explored using well diffusion method in SD agar. Lactobacillus had the most prominent antifungal effect against on C. albicans (M29, M36), C. parapsilosis (M25, M26), C. famata (M28) and C. guilliermondii (M38) yeasts. This study shows the presence of antifungal effect of Lactobacillus on Candida isolated from blood cultures

Lactobacillus spp. isolated from prebiotic-derived raw goat milk: probiotic characteristics, cholesterol assimilation and folate production

Objectives: This work provides to evaluate cholesterol assimilation and folic acid production by determining the probiotic properties of Lactobacillus spp. from raw goat milk with prebiotic properties. Results: We isolated Lactobacilli from goat milk and identified API 50, CHL, and 16sRNA. Probiotic properties were determined according to bile salt and acidic tolerance, hydrophobicity, hemolytic activity, antibiotic sensitivity, antagonistic effect, and exopolysaccharide production. In addition, the cholesterol assimilation and folate production of cultures were determined. Conclusions: L. plantarum GM-12 and L. plantarum GM-15 showed the highest folate production and the highest cholesterol assimilation.These two strains are strong candidates for use as potential probiotics and starter cultures. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PEDIATRIC PULMONARY AND EXTRA-PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS: A WARNING SIGN FOR THE FUTURE

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health problem affecting millions of people annually. Tuberculosis in children has unique features different from adults which makes the diagnosis to be more difficult. The spectrum of the symptoms of TB in children could vary from non-specific symptoms to severe clinical presentations.  In this study, we reviewed our experience at pediatric patients with active TB admitted in a tertiary hospital  and aimed to compare the epide­miological, clinical and microbiological features of  children with  the extra-pulmonary tuberculosis(EPTB) and pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB). Material and methods: Patients under 14 years of age diagnosed with active TB in our unit between December 2008 and September 2013 were included in the study. Data including demographic characteristics, clinical history, microbiology, imaging studies, medications and outcomes of the patients were collected from medical records. Results: A total of 129 cases of active TB were identified.  Ninety-two (78.6%) of the cases had Pulmonary Tuberculosis and 25 (21.4%) of the cases had Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis. The most common signs and symptoms on admission were fever in 40 cases (34.2%) and cough in 81 cases (69.2%). The number of patients without symptoms including fever, cough, malaise and weight loss were significantly higher in EXPTB (72.0%) group when compared with patients in PTB group (13.0%) (p 0.05). The detection rate of source in PTB group (42.4%) was significantly higher than the rate in  EPTB group (20.0%)( p=0.04). In the drug-resistant group, no source of infection could be established in 5 of 9 patients (55.5%). Conclusions: Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis is more difficult than Pulmonary tuberculosis in children due to the various problems such as absence of associated pulmonary involvement,  lack of constitutional symptoms and negative tuberculosis exposure history compared to Pulmonary Tuberculosis. New strategies are required for improving the diagnosis of  Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in childre