Carbon Ion Irradiation Suppresses Metastatic Potential of Human Non-small Cell Lung Cancer A549 Cells through the Phosphatidylinositol-3-Kinase/Akt Signaling Pathway

We previously showed that carbon ion irradiation can inhibit the expression of the anillin (ANLN) gene, which is regulated by the activation of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling path- way associated with metastasis. The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of carbon ion irradia- tion on the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway to those of photon irradiation. Our study showed that carbon ion irradiation of human lung adenocarcinoma cells A549 decreased their invasion more effectively than pho- ton irradiation did. We found that carbon ion irradiation reduced the nuclear localization of ANLN at lower dose, but did not affect its expression. Low-dose carbon ion irradiation also reduced the level of phosphorylated Akt compared to untreated controls, whereas photon irradiation did not. These results sug- gest that carbon ion irradiation effectively suppresses the metastatic potential of A549 cells by suppressing the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway

Duodenal gangliocytic paraganglioma showing lymph node metastasis: A rare case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>We describe a case of duodenal gangliocytic paraganglioma showing lymph node metastasis. A 61-year-old Japanese man underwent pylorus preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy to remove a tumor at the papilla of Vater. The section of the tumor extending from the mucosa to submucosa of the duodenum was sharply demarcated, solid, and white-yellowish. Neither necrosis nor hemorrhage was present. Histological examination confirmed the immunohistochemical identification of three components comprising epithelioid cells, spindle-shaped cells, and ganglion-like cells. Epithelioid cells showed positive reactivity for synaptophysin, somatostatin, and CD56. In contrast, spindle-shaped cells showed positive reactivity for S-100 protein, but not for synaptophysin, somatostatin or CD56. Furthermore, we found lymph node metastasis despite lack of bcl-2 and p53 expression. In addition to the rarity of the tumor, we are describing here the present case suggests the malignant potency of the tumor despite lack of acceptable prognostic indicators for neuroendocrine tumor.</p