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    Alteraciones ejecutivas en el Trastorno Obsesivo Compulsivo: una revisi贸n sistem谩tica con paradigmas emocionales y no emocionales

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    Precedent: Impairments in executive functioning may be associated with compulsive symptoms in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD). The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review of cognitive flexibility, inhibitory control and working memory in OCD patients. using emotional and non-emotional paradigms. Method: we reviewed research published in PubMed, Web of Science, PsychInfo, Scopus, Scielo, and ProQuest Psychology databases, from January 2008 to April 2019. The review followed a two-stage process. In the first stage, we selected only studies using neutral stimuli paradigms, while in the second we selected executive-emotional paradigms. Results: The first stage of the review provided 16 final results, while the second stage, with emotional stimuli, provided 3 results. Conclusions: There is some initial evidence for the existence of executive impairments in OCD, as expressed in the performance and/or processing of working memory inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility. There is also initial evidence that these latter two could be modulated by the presentation or mental representation of negative valence stimuli or images, as well as the presence of aversive contingencies.Antecedentes: las alteraciones en el funcionamiento ejecutivo podr铆an estar asociadas a los s铆ntomas compulsivos del Trastorno Obsesivo Compulsivo (TOC). El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar una revisi贸n sistem谩tica en fl exibilidad cognitiva, control inhibitorio y memoria de trabajo en pacientes con TOC, empleando paradigmas emocionales y no emocionales. M茅todo: revisamos investigaciones publicadas en PubMed, Web of Science, PsychInfo, Scopus, Scielo y ProQuest Psychology databases, desde enero de 2008 hasta abril de 2019. La revisi贸n sigui贸 un proceso de dos etapas: la primera centrada en estudios con paradigmas ejecutivos neutros y la segunda con paradigmas ejecutivos emocionales. Resultados: la primera etapa de b煤squeda arroj贸 un resultado de 16 estudios, mientras que la segunda, con paradigmas emocionales, arroj贸 tres resultados. Conclusiones: a pesar de la escasa cantidad de investigaci贸n, existen evidencias de alteraciones ejecutivas en TOC que se expresan en la ejecuci贸n o en el procesamiento de memoria de trabajo, control inhibitorio y fl exibilidad cognitiva. Tambi茅n hay evidencias de que estos dos 煤ltimos componentes podr铆an estar modulados por la presentaci贸n o representaci贸n mental de est铆mulos negativos, as铆 como por la presencia de contingencias aversivas.M.T.F. acknowledges Xunta de Galicia-GAIN for the Principia research grant. This work was supported by Fundacion Maria Jose Jove. O.F.G and S.C. were supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology and the Portuguese Ministry of Science, through national funds and co-financed by FEDER through COMPETE2020 under the PT2020 Partnership Agreement (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007653) and along with J.L. were also funded through the grants: P2020-PTDC/MHC; PCN/3950/2014; PTDC/PSI-ESP/30280/2017 and PTDC/PSI-ESP/29701/2017), S.C. was also funded by the individual grant IF/00091/2015
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