Renormalization Analysis of Resonance Structure in 2-D Symplectic Map

A symplecticity-preserving RG analysis is carried out to study a resonance structure near an elliptic fixed point of a proto-type symplectic map in two dimensions. Through analyzing fixed points of a reduced RG map, a topology of the resonance structure such as a chain of resonant islands can be determined analytically. An application of this analysis to the Henon map is also presented.Comment: 10 page

Medical benefits for workmen under social insurance in Japan

Japan was the first Asian country to introduce social insurance measures and she has expanded them during the last few decades. The first social insurance law was passed in 1922 dealing with worker's health insurance in general. It was followed by many schemes of social insurance. National Health Insurance in 1938, Seamen's Insurance in 1939, Employees' Pension Insurance in 1941 and so forth. After World War II the new Constitution was enacted by which the Japanese Government was made responsible for the provision of medical care services for the whole nation. At present approximately the whole population is covered by either one or more of the various social insurance schemes. The main social insurance programs are shown in Figure 1 and Table 1. Most of these insurance schemes are compulsory under Japanese law. Since it would be too difficult and complicated to explain all of these forms of social insurance in detail, we will discuss only about two schemes directly related to medical care services for the workers; namely, the Health Insurance Scheme for non. occupational diseases and disorders (sickness or injury off the job) and Workmen's Compensation Insurance for occupational diseases and disorders (sickness or injury on the job).</p

Do municipal mergers reduce public expenditure? Evidence from the MTE approach

This study examines whether municipal mergers reduce public expenditure by examining the marginal treatment effect (MTE) of municipal mergers. Extant papers in the literature have paid little attention to bias from self-selection among municipal mergers or to heterogeneity in the treatment effects of the mergers. Corresponding to these issues, we use the instrumental variables used in Miyazaki (2018) [Applied Economics, 50(10), pp. 1108-1121] and estimate the MTEs of the mergers. From the estimated MTEs, we construct several estimands, and we show that the municipal mergers resulted in an increase in public expenditure on average. Moreover, we confirm that the local average treatment effect (LATE) was quite large from FY2006 to FY2015, although it decreased suddenly in FY2016, when some incentives that promoted the mergers ended. This implies that the incentives offered by the national government negated the cost reductions resulting from the municipal mergers

SIC/SIC composite thruster for a non-toxic liquid propellant rocket engine

Combustion chamber and nozzle for a non-toxic liquid rocket engine made by Tyrano ZMI SiC fiber reinforced SiC matrix composite were tested under sea level combustion tests. Combustion chamber and nozzle are the key hot parts for small liquid propellant engine, since chamber wall needs to be cooled by fuel rich low temperature gas. To create fuel rich low temperature gas, excess amount of fuel is consumed. Consequently, high temperature heat resisting material is indispensable to have better performance rocket engine. Nb based alloy are commonly used in combustion chamber and nozzle for a liquid propellant rocket engine for a satellite maneuver system with the maximum operating temperature around 1300°C. In this study, SiC/SiC combustion chamber with nozzle were examined and its performance was demonstrated by sea level static combustion tests in air and under vacuum. Tyrano ZMI SiC fiber (Ube Industry) was used as reinforcing fiber and carbon interface was selected to have higher temperature resistance. Fiber preform was fabricated by tri-axial braiding technique and carbon interface and SiC matrix were formed by chemical vapor infiltration (CVI). After CVI process, further densification was conducted by polymer infiltration and pyrolysis (PIP) process until no gas leak was detected under low pressure of 0.2 MPa. Largest inner diameter of the chamber was designed as 65 mm and the smallest inner diameter of 26 mm as a nozzle throat. Nozzle was designed with opening area ratio of 25 to investigate manufacturability. The combustion chamber and nozzle attached with a core engine as shown in Figure 1. Non-toxic fuel, ethanol, and oxidizer, N2O, were supplied through the showerhead type injection into combustion chamber. Sea level static combustion tests were conducted both in air and under vacuum (1.3 kPa). The engine combustion tests were successful (30s in air and 19 s in vacuum) and no damage could be found. The performance of the engine improved to specific impulse of 290s with assumption of nozzle area ratio 100. The maximum surface temperature reached to 1250°C, where the inner wall temperature could be calculated about 1600°C. Prototype engine development program successfully completed and we are preparing to start real application project of this engine system as a final stage of solid propellant satellite launcher Please click Additional Files below to see the full abstract

Various Terpenoids Derived from Herbal and Dietary Plants Function as PPAR Modulators and Regulate Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism

Several herbal plants improve medical conditions. Such plants contain many bioactive phytochemicals. Terpenoids (also called “isoprenoids”) constitute one of the largest families of natural products accounting for more than 40,000 individual compounds of both primary and secondary metabolisms. In particular, terpenoids are contained in many herbal plants, and several terpenoids have been shown to be available for pharmaceutical applications, for example, artemisinin and taxol as malaria and cancer medicines, respectively. Various terpenoids are contained in many plants for not only herbal use but also dietary use. In this paper, we describe several bioactive terpenoids contained in herbal or dietary plants, which can modulate the activities of ligand-dependent transcription factors, namely, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). Because PPARs are dietary lipid sensors that control energy homeostasis, daily eating of these terpenoids might be useful for the management for obesity-induced metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular diseases

1,2-Bis[5-(9-ethyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)-2-methyl­thio­phen-3-yl]-3,3,4,4,5,5-hexa­fluoro­cyclo­pentene

The title compound, C43H32F6N2S2, is a new symmetrical photochromic diaryl­ethene derivative with 9-ethyl­carbazol-3-yl substituents. The mol­ecule adopts a photoactive anti­parallel conformation [Irie (2000). Chem. Rev. 100, 1685–1716; Kobatake et al. (2002). Chem. Commun. pp. 2804–2805], with a dihedral angle between the mean planes of the two thio­phene rings of 56.23 (6)°. The distance between the two reactive C atoms is 3.497 (3) Å. In the crystal, two mol­ecules are associated through a pair of C—H⋯F inter­molecular hydrogen bonds, forming a centrosymmetric dimer. Dimers are linked by weak π–π inter­actions [centroid–centroid distance = 3.8872 (13) Å], forming chains along the c axis

Effects of rehabilitation program for an anatomical abnormality

Introduction : Spina bifida occulta (SBO) is a common malformation of lamina of the spine, most commonly occurring in the sacrum or lower lumbar spine. Athletes with anatomical abnormalities such as SBO may be vulnerable to discoordination of muscles and/or skeletal structures. Case Report : We present a case of a 15-year-old male adolescent who presented with persistent low back pain (LBP) associated with SBO at T11-L1 that had been overlooked for several years. He participated in karate as a top-level competitor at the nationallevel, but the LBP interfered with his play. Dynamic X-ray films showed limited range of motion (ROM) in his lower lumbar spine (L3-S1). Instead, the thoracolumbar junction compensated for the lack of ROM in the lumbar spine, enabling trunk flexion and extension. To restore normal coordination, he was treated with a 2-week rehabilitation program including flexibility and core conditioning for the trunk to improve coordination of spinal movement. Two weeks later, his LBP resolved. Conclusion : These results suggest that evaluation of the coordination of the muscles and skeletal structures has an important role in the treatment of cases with an anatomical abnormality such as SBO

Successful closure of large blunt macular chorioretinal rupture: a case report

The authors present a rare case of large chorioretinal rupture caused by blunt traumatic injury of the globe. A 22-year-old woman sustained a blunt injury to her left eye. The best-corrected Snellen visual acuity was 2/20 in her left eye, and hyphema and vitreous hemorrhage were noted. The day after the injury occurred the vitreous hemorrhage had disappeared. Fundus examination revealed a crescent-shaped retinal rupture three disc diameters in size near the macula, and a choroidal rupture six disc diameters in size that was over the vascular arcade. Three days after the injury, vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling was performed. Postoperative prone positioning was maintained for 4 days. Five days postoperatively, closure of the ruptured retina was confirmed. The visual acuity improved to 16/20 4 months after surgery and this was maintained over a 48-month period. In conclusion, early vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling after injury was effective for a case involving severe blunt chorioretinal rupture with closed globe injury

Novel synthesis of 3-aminopropionitriles by ring opening of 2-oxazolidinones with cyanide ion

金沢大学医薬保健研究域薬学系Nucleophilic attack of cyanide ion on the 5-position of 2-oxazolidinones in the presence of 18-crown-6 gave 3-aminopropionitriles. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved