544 research outputs found
Brain tumors induced in rats by human adenovirus type 12
Oncogenesis of human adenovirus type 12 in the brain
of rats was examined. Newborn rats of Sprague-Dawley and Donryu strains were injected intracranially with human adenovirus type 12. The incidence of intracranial tumors was 91% (30/33) in SpragueDawley and 56% (14/25) in Donryu rats. Except for one tumor nodule located in the parietal cortex of a Sprague.Dawley rat, all tumors developed in the paraventricular areas or in the meninges. Tumors
were quite similar histologically to those induced in hamsters and mice resembling the undifferentiated human brain tumors such as medulloblastoma, ependymoblastoma and embryonic gliomas. From the histological features and primary sites of tumor development, it is suggested that the tumors in the brain of rats induced by adenovirus
type 12 originate from the embryonic cells in the paraventricular area and also from the undifferentiated supporting cells of the peripheral nerves in the leptomeninges.</p
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Evaluation of seismic hazards from the Median Tectonic Line, Japan and blind thrust faults in the Los Angeles metropolitan area, California
This thesis analyzes active geologic structures in densely populated areas in Japan and southern California based on geological, geophysical, and paleoseismological observations. Chapter 2 discusses segmentation and paleoseismology of the Median Tectonic Line, Japan. We identified 12 geometric segments along the Median Tectonic Line separated by discontinuities such as en echelon steps, bends, changes in strike, and gaps in the surface trace. The recurrence interval and surficial offset for surface-rupturing earthquakes at four individual sites on the Median Tectonic Line in Shikoku Island are 1000-3000 years and 5-8 in, respectively. Part of the fault zone ruptured most recently during or after the 16th century A.D.; this rupture may be correlated to the 1596 Keicho-Kinki earthquake. Chapter 3 discusses active and late Cenozoic tectonics of the northern Los Angeles fault system, California. We mapped the subsurface geology of the northern Los Angeles basin from the City of Santa Monica eastward to downtown Los Angeles, based on an extensive set of oil-well data. The northern Los Angeles fault system developed through an early to late Miocene extensional regime and a Plio-Pleistocene contractional regime. The uplift of the oxygen isotope substage 5e marine terrace at Pacific Palisades and an estimated dip greater than 45° suggest a dip-slip rate as large as 1.5 mm/yr for the Santa Monica Mountains blind thrust fault, a rate considerably smaller than a previous estimate. Chapter 4 discusses the geologic setting of the 1971 San Fernando and 1994 Northridge earthquakes, two of the most devastating earthquakes in southern California history. We mapped the subsurface geology of the northern San Fernando Valley that lies at the updip projection of the two earthquake faults. The San Fernando Valley is
underlain by a series of north-dipping blind thrust faults. The thick accumulation of the
Robert S. ''eats Plio-Pleistocene Saugus Formation in the Sylmar basin and Merrick syncline is a surface expression of the south-dipping 1994 Northridge thrust that is overlain by the northdipping 1971 San Fernando fault at a depth of -5 km
Control of particle circulation rate in circulating fluidized bed by a pulsed gas flow
As a coal-fired power generation technology for further improvement of power generation efficiency of coal-fired power generation, exergy regeneration type coal gasification power generation technology (1), a triple-bed circulating fluidized bed (2), has been proposed.
The authors analyzed the flow characteristics of the triple-bed circulating fluidized bed, it has the flow characteristics of the riser and downer perform the proposed approach to representation by the equivalent circuit model. The equivalent circuit model of the riser and downer are shown in Figure 1. This equivalent circuit has the nature of the low-pass filter. A combination of the low-pass filter and the pulse voltage is used as a switching power supply. Then, we applied that the pulsed gas supply to the riser combined with a low-pass filter characteristics to control the particle circulation rate of the triple-bed circulating fluidized bed.
Figure 2 shows the input output characteristics of the equivalent circuit of the riser/downer inputting a pulse voltage. We used an electric circuit simulator SPICE to calculation of circuit behavior. Circuit constant is to use the value of the reference 3, the input pulse height is set to 80V. When the input pulse width is changed, the output current is changed depending on the pulse width. Moreover, when changing the density of the pulse, the output current is changing depending on the pulse density. This result by giving a pulsed gas supply to the riser, it shows the possibility controlling the particle circulation rate of the triple-bed circulating fluidized bed.
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Investigation of agglomerates growth mechanism for thermal seawater desalination
Desalination technology has been paid large attention because water demand has been increasing due to the industrial development and high growth rate of population. To develop a novel desalination process with high energy efficiency and with high recovery ratio, a self-heat recuperative seawater desalination process using a fluidized-bed evaporator has been proposed (1). The fluidized-bed evaporator was employed to prevent scale deposition on the heat transfer surface during seawater evaporation. The seawater evaporation experiment using a lab-scale fluidized bed showed that the proposed evaporator prevents scale deposition on the heat transfer surface (2). However, it was also found that the seawater feed into the bed causes agglomeration of fluidized particles, which has the possibility to cause defluidization.
In this research, seawater evaporation experiments using the lab-scale fluidized-bed evaporator were conducted and the influence of operating conditions such as fluidizing gas velocity, seawater feed rate and bed temperature on the agglomeration behavior of fluidized particles was examined. Furthermore, the mechanism of agglomerates growth was investigated and the optimal operating conditions of the fluidized bed for thermal desalination were examined.
REFERENCES H. Mizuno, Y. Kansha, M. Ishizuka and A. Tsutsumi. A Novel Thermal Desalination Process Using Fluidized Bed. Chem. Eng. Trans., 39: 181-186, 2014 H. Mizuno, Y. Kansha, M. Ishizuka and A. Tsutsumi. Agglomeration behavior in fluidized-bed evaporator for thermal seawater desalination. Appl. Therm. Eng., 89: 1096-1103, 2015
Transcript levels of the nuclear-encoded respiratory genes in rice decrease by oxygen deprivation: evidence for involvement of calcium in expression of the alternative oxidase 1a gene
AbstractWe investigated the effect of oxygen on the expressions of respiratory genes encoded in the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Hypoxic treatment decreased the transcript levels of nuclear-encoded, but not mitochondrial-encoded respiratory genes. The effects of ruthenium red (an inhibitor of Ca2+ fluxes from organelles) and/or CaCl2 on plants under hypoxic conditions suggested that Ca2+ is a physiological transducer of a low-oxygen signaling pathway for expression of the alternative oxidase 1a gene (AOX1a), but not for expressions of genes involved in the cytochrome respiratory pathway, in rice
各種茶カテキン類・カフェイン錯体の立体配置研究(発表論文抄録(2011))
Crystals of the complexes of (+)-catechin (CA) of non-galloylated catechin and (−)-catechin-3-O-gallate (Cg) of galloylated catechin with caffeine were prepared, and their stereochemical structures and intermolecular interactions were determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis. CA formed a 1 : 1 complex with caffeine by intermolecular hydrogen bonds, whereas Cg formed a 1 : 2 complex with caffeine, which was formed by face-to-face and offset π–π interactions and intermolecular hydrogen bonds. A solution of two kinds of non-galloylated catechin, CA and (−)-epicatechin (EC), and caffeine (molar ratio 1 : 1 : 2) in water afforded a 1 : 1 : 2 complex, the crystal structure of which had two layers, one layer in which CA and caffeine formed alternate lines and an other layer in which EC and caffeine formed alternate lines. The 1 : 1 : 2 complex was formed by offset π–π and CH–π interactions and intermolecular hydrogen bonds.Crystals of the complexes of (+)-catechin (CA) of non-galloylated catechin and (−)-catechin-3-O-gallate (Cg) of galloylated catechin with caffeine were prepared, and their stereochemical structures and intermolecular interactions were determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis. CA formed a 1 : 1 complex with caffeine by intermolecular hydrogen bonds, whereas Cg formed a 1 : 2 complex with caffeine, which was formed by face-to-face and offset π–π interactions and intermolecular hydrogen bonds. A solution of two kinds of non-galloylated catechin, CA and (−)-epicatechin (EC), and caffeine (molar ratio 1 : 1 : 2) in water afforded a 1 : 1 : 2 complex, the crystal structure of which had two layers, one layer in which CA and caffeine formed alternate lines and an other layer in which EC and caffeine formed alternate lines. The 1 : 1 : 2 complex was formed by offset π–π and CH–π interactions and intermolecular hydrogen bonds
Adenocarcinoma of Ascending Colon Associated with Sarcoid Reaction in Regional Lymph Nodes
Lymph node swelling in the setting of malignancy generally suggests metastasis of the primary tumor. A granulomatous reaction, i.e. sarcoid reaction, occurring within the lymph nodes draining carcinomas is a well-known but uncommon occurrence. The phenomenon is especially rarely seen in colon carcinoma. We herein report a rare case of a 56-year-old Japanese male with adenocarcinoma of the ascending colon associated with sarcoid reaction in the regional lymph nodes. A typical ileocecal resection and lymph node dissection were performed. Histopathological examination revealed moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma of the ascending colon, and the dissected lymph nodes included epithelioid granulomas with multinucleated giant cells. These findings suggest the existence of a sarcoid reaction associated with colon carcinoma; there was no metastasis in the dissected lymph nodes. The significance of this rare condition is discussed
水溶液中における茶カテキン類とカフェインのクリーミングダウン現象により生じる沈殿の解析(発表論文抄録(2012))
The content of a crude precipitate formed by creaming, which was made from a catechin mixture and caffeine, was investigated by an integral volume of H-2 proton signals of tea catechins in the 1H-NMR spectrum. Gallated catechins formed a crude precipitate more predominantly than non-gallated catechins. The 2,3-cis-non-gallated catechin (−)-epicatechin (EC) formed a 1 : 1 complex with caffeine, and 2,3-cis-gallated catechin (−)-epicatechin gallate (ECg) formed a 2 : 4 complex with caffeine. The π–π complexation site of EC with caffeine was only the A ring, whereas that of ECg included all aromatic rings, A, B, and B′. It was thought that the hydrophobicity of the 2 : 4 complex of ECg and caffeine was stronger than that of the 1 : 1 complex of EC and caffeine, with the result that the 2 : 4 complex of ECg and caffeine precipitated by creaming more predominantly than the 1 : 1 complex of EC and caffeine in aqueous solution.The content of a crude precipitate formed by creaming, which was made from a catechin mixture and caffeine, was investigated by an integral volume of H-2 proton signals of tea catechins in the 1H-NMR spectrum. Gallated catechins formed a crude precipitate more predominantly than non-gallated catechins. The 2,3-cis-non-gallated catechin (−)-epicatechin (EC) formed a 1 : 1 complex with caffeine, and 2,3-cis-gallated catechin (−)-epicatechin gallate (ECg) formed a 2 : 4 complex with caffeine. The π–π complexation site of EC with caffeine was only the A ring, whereas that of ECg included all aromatic rings, A, B, and B′. It was thought that the hydrophobicity of the 2 : 4 complex of ECg and caffeine was stronger than that of the 1 : 1 complex of EC and caffeine, with the result that the 2 : 4 complex of ECg and caffeine precipitated by creaming more predominantly than the 1 : 1 complex of EC and caffeine in aqueous solution
ガロカテキン-3-O-ガレート・カフェイン錯体の立体化学構造と分子間相互作用(発表論文抄録(2011))
A suspension containing an equimolecular amount of (−)-gallocatechin-3-O-gallate (GCg) and caffeine in water was heated at 90 °C for 30 min to give a 1 : 2 complex of GCg and caffeine. X-Ray crystallographic analysis of crystal of the 1 : 2 complex showed that π–π interactions formed between the A, B′ rings of GCg and the two six-membered rings of caffeine. Whereas, the same suspension was heated at 90 °C for 30 s to give a sticky substance, which contained GCg, caffeine, and water at a molar ratio of 1 : 1 : 22 based on measurement of the integral volume of 1H-NMR signals. The sticky substance crystallized slowly to give a 2 : 2 complex of GCg and caffeine. X-Ray crystallographic analysis of crystal of the 2 : 2 complex showed that the A and C rings of GCg moieties faced each other, and face-to-face π–π interactions formed between the B ring of GCg and caffeine, the B′ ring of GCg and caffeine.A suspension containing an equimolecular amount of (−)-gallocatechin-3-O-gallate (GCg) and caffeine in water was heated at 90 °C for 30 min to give a 1 : 2 complex of GCg and caffeine. X-Ray crystallographic analysis of crystal of the 1 : 2 complex showed that π–π interactions formed between the A, B′ rings of GCg and the two six-membered rings of caffeine. Whereas, the same suspension was heated at 90 °C for 30 s to give a sticky substance, which contained GCg, caffeine, and water at a molar ratio of 1 : 1 : 22 based on measurement of the integral volume of 1H-NMR signals. The sticky substance crystallized slowly to give a 2 : 2 complex of GCg and caffeine. X-Ray crystallographic analysis of crystal of the 2 : 2 complex showed that the A and C rings of GCg moieties faced each other, and face-to-face π–π interactions formed between the B ring of GCg and caffeine, the B′ ring of GCg and caffeine
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