A CASE OF RARE CONGENITAL HEART MALFORMATION: TAUSSIG- BING SYNDROME

Introduction- Taussig- Bing Syndrome is a rare congenital heart malformation that was first described by Helen Taussig and Richard Bing. The aim of this article is to show the main morphological changes in this case of rare congenital malformation. Performed methods were autopsy examination, clinical data analysis, x-ray examination and microscopic examination. Results- the index case is 34 days- old male newborn, born in 37 gestational age, with weight 2.150gr. and height- 45 cm. The heart was found enlarged with normal position in the chest. During dissection of the heart there were detected: hypertrophy and dilation of the right ventricle; the aorta arise entirely above the right ventricle; the dilated pulmonary valve does not override the left ventricular cavity; pulmonary artery arises primarily from the right ventricle and partially overrides the ventricular septum and a high and large sub- pulmonary ventricular septal defect. Conclusions- The treatment of this syndrome is continuing to be an actual medical problem. The right diagnose and the adequate treatment can widely reduce the mortality and morbidity from this disease

Penetrating Brain Trauma due to Air Gun Shot – a Case Report

Cases of severe injuries caused by air guns are really uncommon, but they can lead to a fatal outcome. Usually, these injuries occur in children due to their not fully developed skull bones or in adults through less resistant and thin regions of the cranium. Most of them are accidental events, followed by low percentage of suicidal attempts.In this paper, we present the case of a 68-year-old man suffering from severe depression, with self-inflicted air gun injury to the head. The patient was admitted to the hospital in a coma with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 8, with severe penetrating head injury manifested with brain contusion and intraventricular bleeding seen at the CT examination. Metal particles from the projectile were seen inside the brain. The entry wound had inverted margins, abraded collar and skin defect. The additional neurological examination of the patient showed symptoms of increased intracranial pressure. The treatment started with the air gun wound care. Craniotomy surgery was also done and bone fragments around the entry wound were successfully extracted with subsequent debridement and duraplasty. The patient was treated with new-generation combined antibiotics for preventing inflammatory complications. On the nineteenth day, the patient was discharged with mild hemiparesis on the left side and with GCS score of 15.Air-gun traumatic cases with head injury or with injury to other parts of the body are often mistaken for firearm accidents, because air guns are seriously underestimated devices. Nevertheless, they could lead to severe health consequences and severe disability. This case highlights the necessity of strict monitoring of air guns by the responsible government institutions which should apply the same regulations in controlling these weapons as they implement in controlling the firearm guns. Presence of severe depression, mental illnesses, and neoplasms are risk factors for committing suicide with this type of weapons and the control over the air weapons in this group of people should be stricter

Posttraumatic Parinaud’s syndrome as a contrecoup injury in a case of closed head trauma

The purpose of the study was to present a rare case of post-traumatic Parinaud’s syndrome with a history of closed head injury. The clinical characteristics, examination, and management are presented in a 12-year-old boy who was a victim of physical violence at the hands of a young boy who punched him in his chin with his fists, with associated paralysis of the upward gaze of the left eyeball, and convergence nystagmus with pupillary involvement. CT examination indicated posttraumatic lesions in the dorsal midbrain and in the cavity of third ventricle, suggestive of acute hemorrhages. Posttraumatic Parinaud’s syndrome is a rare phenomenon that can occur in a case of closed head trauma as contrecoup injury

Elderly abuse – a forensic case of homicide-suicide as act of intimate partner violence

Homicide-suicide as a criminal act is a distinct subcategory of homicide in which the assailant kills his wife and/or her children in a relationship that has been broken down. The present case is about the dyadic deaths of an 89-year-old male and an 82-year-old female who are in a relationship as intimate partners (as husband and wife). In the early autumn of 2020, an event report was received in the Police District of Plovdiv about a woman who was found dead in her home. Her husband’s body was found next to hers in the same building, with the clinical features of a coma – the man was breathing but unresponsive. Unfortunately, he passed away immediately before the arrival of the emergency crew. The elderly are one of the most vulnerable subgroups of intimate partner violence victims, largely because of their growing social isolation, lack of social support, and reliance on family members and caregivers. The aforementioned renders these individuals helpless to fend off the attack and, in some cases, unable to report it. If we want to prevent this type of violence, we have to understand the risk factors and be able to differentiate between accidental injuries and injuries due to any form of elderly abuse

Assessment of traumatic leptomeningeal cyst in forensic anthropology – A case report

Paleopathology is a very extensive subject. Sometimes some pathological changes of bones may mimic trauma. This paper demonstrates a rare complication of cranial fractures which may be mistaken with gunshot injury in skeletonized remains

Child abuse syndrome – a forensic case of fatal impulsive act of violence

Child abuse syndrome is a medico-social problem widely spread around the world, which includes a complex of clinically manifested forms of violence against children. This syndrome includes different forms of physical violence, sexual violence, neglect, and emotional violence against children. The main problem with this type of violence continues to be the large number of unregistered “hidden” cases. The consequences of violence against children are serious and have a lasting negative effect on the physical and mental health of the victims. Child abuse is often a result of impulsive violent behavior with minimal provocation and may have a fatal outcome. We present a case of a 3-year-old boy, admitted to the Emergency Department of the Municipal Hospital in Asenovgrad, Bulgaria, in a state of biological death. Case circumstances during the police investigation were unclear and the body was transported for forensic examination. During the forensic autopsy, many traumatic injuries were observed over the whole body – bruises of different ages, fractures of bones, abdominal trauma with bucket-handle tear of the mesentery, thoracic trauma with contusions and ruptures of the lungs, rupture of the diaphragm, and many other injuries that are specific predictors for this type of child physical abuse. The main aim of the present report is to enrich the knowledge of medical workers in their routine practical work in the identification and determination of child abuse syndrome. It could prevent the fatal outcome and reduce the mortality from this specific type of violence