The effects of idealism and relativism on the moral judgement of social vs. environmental issues, and their relation to self-reported pro-environmental behaviours

Many studies have demonstrated that moral philosophies, such as idealism and relativism, could be used as robust predictors of judgements and behaviours related to common moral issues, such as business ethics, unethical beliefs, workplace deviance, marketing practices, gambling, etc. However, little consideration has been given to using moral philosophies to predict environmentally (un)friendly attitudes and behaviours, which could also be classified as moral. In this study, we have assessed the impact of idealism and relativism using the Ethics Position Theory. We have tested its capacity to predict moral identity, moral judgement of social vs. environmental issues, and self-reported pro-environmental behaviours. The results from an online MTurk study of 432 US participants revealed that idealism had a significant impact on all the tested variables, but the case was different with relativism. Consistently with the findings of previous studies, we found relativism to be a strong predictor of moral identity and moral judgement of social issues. In contrast, relativism only weakly interacted with making moral judgements of environmental issues, and had no effects in predicting pro-environmental behaviours. These findings suggest that Ethics Position Theory could have a strong potential for defining moral differences between environmental attitudes and behaviours, capturing the moral drivers of an attitude-behaviour gap, which continuously stands as a barrier in motivating people to become more pro-environmental

The entrepreneurial organization: The effects of organizational culture on innovation output

As organizations face growing economic pressures, leaders need to create work environments that support and encourage entrepreneurial behavior in their workforce to drive organizational innovation and growth. In this vein, the current article examines the effect of an entrepreneurial culture on an employee's innovation output and explores three mechanisms by which this may be achieved. In a sample of 438 working adults, the relationship between entrepreneurial culture and innovation output was fully mediated by work engagement. Furthermore, entrepreneurial culture positively moderated the relationship between an individual's entrepreneurial personality and innovation output. These findings contribute new theoretical insights to the corporate entrepreneurship literature and have important practical implications for organizations aiming to become more entrepreneurial

Therapist competence, comorbidity and cognitive-behavioral therapy for depression.

BACKGROUND: Therapist competence has consistently been associated with therapy outcomes, although the nature of this relationship varies considerably across studies. METHOD: In a naturalistic process-outcome study, 69 clients presenting with depression were treated by 1 of 18 cognitive-behavioral therapists in a 'real world' outpatient clinic. Using triangulated measures of therapists' competence, we hypothesized that greater therapist competence would be associated with improved cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) outcomes for clients diagnosed with depression. We hypothesized that the variation in the research to date on therapist competence and CBT for depression outcomes may be due to the moderating effects of complexity of client presentation, in terms of comorbidity. RESULTS: We replicated the previous finding that comorbidity compromises CBT for depression outcomes, but found that greater therapist competence was associated with improved outcomes, regardless of clients' comorbidity. CONCLUSIONS: Therapist competence is associated with improved therapy outcomes, and therapists who are more competent have better patient outcomes regardless of the degree of patient comorbidity

Therapist competence, comorbidity and cognitive-behavioral therapy for depression.

BACKGROUND: Therapist competence has consistently been associated with therapy outcomes, although the nature of this relationship varies considerably across studies. METHOD: In a naturalistic process-outcome study, 69 clients presenting with depression were treated by 1 of 18 cognitive-behavioral therapists in a 'real world' outpatient clinic. Using triangulated measures of therapists' competence, we hypothesized that greater therapist competence would be associated with improved cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) outcomes for clients diagnosed with depression. We hypothesized that the variation in the research to date on therapist competence and CBT for depression outcomes may be due to the moderating effects of complexity of client presentation, in terms of comorbidity. RESULTS: We replicated the previous finding that comorbidity compromises CBT for depression outcomes, but found that greater therapist competence was associated with improved outcomes, regardless of clients' comorbidity. CONCLUSIONS: Therapist competence is associated with improved therapy outcomes, and therapists who are more competent have better patient outcomes regardless of the degree of patient comorbidity