3 research outputs found

    О ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏΠ°Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ стационара Π² условиях ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ коронавируса

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    The rapid spread of COVID-19 and the large number of cases put a significant burden on the health systems of any developed country. Specialists in natural disasters and military medicine should be involved in the provision of medical care and observance of anti-epidemic measures. In some countries, including Italy, they were involved only after the situation was dramatically worsening with many clinical units and hospitals overloaded by infected patients. To curb the spread of COVID-19, most countries declared a state of emergency, and unprecedented measures have been taken to strengthen quarantine in suspected or positive symptomatic subjects. Nevertheless, the crisis associated with the unexpectedly global scale and tragedy of the pandemic and the inconsistency of actions of both society and individuals and specialized medical services, lead to insufficient effectiveness of the measures taken in a number of regions. In the present day, it is vital for every person to change its mindset ― relying on personal responsibility to comply with all recommendations of quarantine and anti-epidemic measures, and to reorganize departments and resources of medical institutions at all levels in order to withstand the spread of infection and at the same time provide all those in need with the necessary and appropriate medical care. Particular attention should be paid to the obstetric care service, given that even in normal times, the obstetric hospital is an area of increased responsibility for the life and health of mother and child and future mankind. Fulfillment of existing orders, instructions of national and regional committees, international and national protocols and clinical protocols should undoubtedly lead to a positive result, but this requires additional training of medical personnel at all levels. The purpose of this review is to propose quick key strategies for reassessing the maternity and neonatal wards/ hospitals based on the experience of health systems and organizations which faced the spread of this new coronavirus; this advice may be applied along with binding tight instructions in obstetric hospitals in order to proactively respond to a likely wave of growth in COVID-19.ΠΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ. БыстроС распространСниС COVID-19 ΠΈ большоС количСство Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡˆΠΈΡ… Π½Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΡƒ Π½Π° систСмы здравоохранСния Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹Ρ… государств. Π’ рядС стран ΠΊ оказанию мСдицинской ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ ΠΈ соблюдСнию противоэпидСмичСских мСроприятий ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ спСциалисты ΠΏΠΎ стихийным бСдствиям ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ½Π΅, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π² Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… странах, Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ числС Π² Π˜Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ задСйствованы послС Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ клиничСскиС подраздСлСния ΠΈ стационары Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹. Для сдСрТивания распространСния COVID-19 Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ стран объявили Ρ‡Ρ€Π΅Π·Π²Ρ‹Ρ‡Π°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ приняты бСспрСцСдСнтныС ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎ ΡƒΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… мСроприятий. Π’Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ кризис, связанный с Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎ Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡˆΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ, ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ дСйствий ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ общСства ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π³Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ спСциализированных мСдицинских слуТб приводят ΠΊ нСдостаточной эффСктивности ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Ρ… мСроприятий Π² рядС Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ². ОсобоС Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ слСдуСт ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ слуТбС родовспомоТСния, учитывая, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈ Π² спокойноС врСмя Π°ΠΊΡƒΡˆΠ΅Ρ€ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ стационар являСтся Π·ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ отвСтствСнности Π·Π° Тизнь ΠΈ Π·Π΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΡŒΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π±Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ°. ИсполнСниС Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ², ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ…/Π½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ клиничСских ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ², нСсомнСнно, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρƒ, Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ обучСния ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ мСдицинского пСрсонала всСх ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΉ. ЦСль ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€Π° ― ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²Ρ‹Π΅ стратСгии, ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡΡΡŒ Π½Π° ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ², Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅Π΅ ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠ½ΡƒΠ²ΡˆΠΈΡ…ΡΡ с распространСниСм Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ коронавируса, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ быстро ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Ρ‹ наряду с ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊ исполнСнию Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ распоряТСниями Π² Π°ΠΊΡƒΡˆΠ΅Ρ€ΡΠΊΠΈΡ… стационарах, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π°Π³ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π° Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΡΡ‚Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π²ΠΎΠ»Π½Ρƒ роста заболСваСмости ΠΈ Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²Π° COVID-19

    COVID-19, Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ гСмостаза ΠΈ риск тромботичСских ослоТнСний

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    The spread of a new coronavirus infection worldwide since the end of 2019 has becomes a pandemic. Thrombotic complications are the leading cause of death in this disease. After entering the human body, the virus starts a cascade of reactions leading to the development of a cytokine storm, activation of all parts of the hemostasis and complement systems and other changes that result in disturbances in the circulation system with the development of multiple organ failures. Numerous studies have shown that a predictor of a severe course of COVID-19 is a sharp increase of D-dimer concentration in the blood and rise of some other markers of hemostasis activation. Based on the pathogenesis, the developed schemes for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 severe complications include low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) which are also recommended for an outpatient COVID-19 patient. The prescription of low molecular weight heparin, the duration of their use and doses should be decided on the basis of a risk assessment of factors for each individual patient in combination with laboratory monitoring.РаспространСниС Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ коронавирусной ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ всСму ΠΌΠΈΡ€Ρƒ с ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π° 2019 Π³. ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΡŒ Π² пандСмию. ВромботичСскиС ослоТнСния ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π²Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ смСрти ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ этом Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ. ПослС попадания Π² ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° вирус запускаСт каскад Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΉ, приводящих ΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡŽ Ρ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡˆΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°, Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ всСх звСньСв систСмы гСмостаза ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°, Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌ измСнСниям, приводящим ΠΊ Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ Π² систСмС кровообращСния с Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠœΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ исслСдования ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΌ тяТСлого тСчСния заболСвания являСтся Ρ€Π΅Π·ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ D-Π΄ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π° Π² ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ гСмостаза. Π˜ΡΡ…ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Π°, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ схСмы ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ лСчСния тяТСлых ослоТнСний COVID-19 Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ низкомолСкулярныС Π³Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ для примСнСния Π² Π°ΠΌΠ±ΡƒΠ»Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… условиях. НазначСниС низкомолСкулярных Π³Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ², Π΄Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… примСнСния ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π½Π° основС ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² риска для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° Π² сочСтании с Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠΌ

    COVID-19 and thrombotic microangiopathy [COVID-19 ΠΈ тромботичСская микроангиопатия]

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    As shown by numerous studies conducted during the pandemic, the severe course of COVID-19 is accompanied by multiple organ failure. Cytokine storm, hypercoagulation, complement hyperactivation and other arms comprise the overall picture of the pathogenesis of the severe disease course. The frequent diagnosis of multiple microvascular thrombosis in lung, heart, and kidneys, as well as the presence of platelet-fibrin thrombi there and signs of terminal organ damage, suggest a possible involvement of thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) in the development of multiple organ failure. In this regard, it is especially important to timely diagnose TMA and start pathogenetic therapy. These measures can significantly reduce mortality due to the novel disease. Heparins and direct oral anticoagulants are the mainstay for prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism in patients with COVID-19, but their effectiveness in the presence of TMA is questionable. It has been proven that anticoagulants use in critically ill patients with COVID-19 for prevention of large vessel thrombosis is effective, but their role in the prevention of microthrombosis is not clear. Here we review the currently available information on thrombotic microangiopathy, as well as a review of literature data describing TMA-like conditions in COVID-19, discuss potential pathophysiology of the condition development and proposed therapeutic approaches. Β© Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction 2021
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