7 research outputs found
Liquid Polymorphism and Double Criticality in a Lattice Gas Model
We analyze the possible phase diagrams of a simple model for an associating
liquid proposed previously. Our two-dimensional lattice model combines
oreintati onal ice-like interactions and \"{}Van der Waals\"{} interactions
which may be repulsive, and in this case represent a penalty for distortion of
hydrogen bonds in the presence of extra molecules. These interactions can be
interpreted in terms of two competing distances, but not necessarily soft-core.
We present mean -field calculations and an exhaustive simulation study for
different parameters which represent relative strength of the bonding
interaction to the energy penalty for its distortion. As this ratio decreases,
a smooth disappearance of the doubl e criticality occurs. Possible connections
to liquid-liquid transitions of molecul ar liquids are suggested
Explaining why simple liquids are quasi-universal
It has been known for a long time that many simple liquids have surprisingly
similar structure as quantified, e.g., by the radial distribution function. A
much more recent realization is that the dynamics are also very similar for a
number of systems with quite different pair potentials. Systems with such
non-trivial similarities are generally referred to as "quasi-universal". From
the fact that the exponentially repulsive pair potential has strong virial
potential-energy correlations in the low-temperature part of its thermodynamic
phase diagram, we here show that a liquid is quasi-universal if its pair
potential can be written approximately as a sum of exponential terms with
numerically large prefactors. Based on evidence from the literature we moreover
conjecture the converse, i.e., that quasi-universality only applies for systems
with this property