71 research outputs found
073 Right Ventricle Contractile Reserve as a Pre-operative Tool for Assessing RV failure after Continuous Flow LVAD Implantation
IntroductionLatest generation continuous flow left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) have been proposed as an alternative to heart transplantation for end-stage heart failure. However, postoperative right ventricle (RV) dysfunction remains common and has a negative impact on prognosis. Purpose of our study was to identify echocardiographic or hemodynamic parameters that could predict early RV failure after LVAD implantation in patients with biventricular dysfunction.MethodsFourteen patients with biventricular dysfunction who have been evaluated for LVAD implantation were included. Right and left ventricular dysfunction were respectively defined as: tricuspid annular plane excursion < 16 mm (TAPSE) and LV ejection fraction < 35%. In all patients, preoperative measurements were obtained at rest. In 7 patients, right heart catheterization was performed simultaneously with increasing doses of dobutamine (15γ/Kg/min). Primary endpoint was death caused by right ventricle systolic dysfunction or need for right ventricle mechanical support within 30 days after surgery (RVSD+).ResultsMean recipient age was 58±7 years. Primary end-point (RVSD+) was noted in five patients. Preoperative demographic, echocardiographic and hemodynamic data were similar between RVSD+ and RVSD- patients (Table). Percent increase of TAPSE and systolic PAP between basal and high dobutamine dose was significantly lower in RVSD+ than in RVSD- patients.ConclusionPercent increase of TAPSE and systolic PAP induced by high dose dobutamine infusion might be two interesting criteria to assess RV contractile reserve and predict RV outcome after LVAD implantation in patient with biventricular dysfunction.Baseline Measurement (n=14)Change after Dobutamine infusion,% (n=7)RVSD-RVSD+pRVSD-RVSD+pN95TAPSE, mm14±214±20.955±526±20.03Systolic PAP, mmHg51±753±60.842±84±70.05Cardiac Output, l/min3.3±0.53.5±0.50.987±1093±470.7Pulm Vasc Res, Wood3.9±14.3±10.62±41-36±70.
One-year outcomes after transcatheter insertion of an interatrial shunt device for the management of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
BackgroundâHeart failure with preserved ejection fraction has a complex pathophysiology and remains a therapeutic challenge. Elevated left atrial pressure, particularly during exercise, is a key contributor to morbidity and mortality. Preliminary analyses have demonstrated that a novel interatrial septal shunt device that allows shunting to reduce the left atrial pressure provides clinical and hemodynamic benefit at 6 months. Given the chronicity of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, evidence of longer-term benefit is required.
Methods and ResultsâPatients (n=64) with left ventricular ejection fraction â„40%, New York Heart Association class IIâIV, elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (â„15 mmâHg at rest or â„25 mmâHg during supine bicycle exercise) participated in the open-label study of the interatrial septal shunt device. One year after interatrial septal shunt device implantation, there were sustained improvements in New York Heart Association class (P<0.001), quality of life (Minnesota Living with Heart Failure score, P<0.001), and 6-minute walk distance (P<0.01). Echocardiography showed a small, stable reduction in left ventricular end-diastolic volume index (P<0.001), with a concomitant small stable increase in the right ventricular end-diastolic volume index (P<0.001). Invasive hemodynamic studies performed in a subset of patients demonstrated a sustained reduction in the workload corrected exercise pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (P<0.01). Survival at 1 year was 95%, and there was no evidence of device-related complications.
ConclusionsâThese results provide evidence of safety and sustained clinical benefit in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction patients 1 year after interatrial septal shunt device implantation. Randomized, blinded studies are underway to confirm these observations
Genetic Association Study Identifies HSPB7 as a Risk Gene for Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a structural heart disease with strong genetic background. Monogenic forms of DCM are observed in families with mutations located mostly in genes encoding structural and sarcomeric proteins. However, strong evidence suggests that genetic factors also affect the susceptibility to idiopathic DCM. To identify risk alleles for non-familial forms of DCM, we carried out a case-control association study, genotyping 664 DCM cases and 1,874 population-based healthy controls from Germany using a 50K human cardiovascular disease bead chip covering more than 2,000 genes pre-selected for cardiovascular relevance. After quality control, 30,920 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were tested for association with the disease by logistic regression adjusted for gender, and results were genomic-control corrected. The analysis revealed a significant association between a SNP in HSPB7 gene (rs1739843, minor allele frequency 39%) and idiopathic DCM (pâ=â1.06Ă10â6, ORâ=â0.67 [95% CI 0.57â0.79] for the minor allele T). Three more SNPs showed p < 2.21Ă10â5. De novo genotyping of these four SNPs was done in three independent case-control studies of idiopathic DCM. Association between SNP rs1739843 and DCM was significant in all replication samples: Germany (nâ=â564, nâ=â981 controls, pâ=â2.07Ă10â3, ORâ=â0.79 [95% CI 0.67â0.92]), France 1 (nâ=â433 cases, nâ=â395 controls, pâ=â3.73Ă10â3, ORâ=â0.74 [95% CI 0.60â0.91]), and France 2 (nâ=â249 cases, nâ=â380 controls, pâ=â2.26Ă10â4, ORâ=â0.63 [95% CI 0.50â0.81]). The combined analysis of all four studies including a total of nâ=â1,910 cases and nâ=â3,630 controls showed highly significant evidence for association between rs1739843 and idiopathic DCM (pâ=â5.28Ă10â13, ORâ=â0.72 [95% CI 0.65â0.78]). None of the other three SNPs showed significant results in the replication stage
Dosing and safety profile of aficamten in symptomatic obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: results from from SEQUOIAâHCM
Background:
Aficamten, a novel cardiac myosin inhibitor, reversibly reduces cardiac hypercontractility in obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. We present a prespecified analysis of the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of aficamten in SEQUOIAâHCM (Safety, Efficacy, and Quantitative Understanding of Obstruction Impact of Aficamten in HCM).
Methods and Results:
A total of 282 patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy were randomized 1:1 to daily aficamten (5â20âmg) or placebo between February 1, 2022, and May 15, 2023. Aficamten dosing targeted the lowest effective dose for achieving siteâinterpreted Valsalva left ventricular outflow tract gradient <30âmmâHg with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) â„50%. End points were evaluated during titration (day 1 to week 8), maintenance (weeks 8â24), and washout (weeks 24â28), and included major adverse cardiac events, newâonset atrial fibrillation, implantable cardioverterâdefibrillator discharges, LVEF <50%, and treatmentâemergent adverse events. At week 8, 3.6%, 12.9%, 35%, and 48.6% of patients achieved 5â, 10â, 15â, and 20âmg doses, respectively. Baseline characteristics were similar across groups. Aficamten concentration increased by dose and remained stable during maintenance. During the treatment period, LVEF decreased by â0.9% (95% CI, â1.3 to â0.6) per 100âng/mL aficamten exposure. Seven (4.9%) patients taking aficamten underwent perâprotocol dose reduction for siteâinterpreted LVEF <50%. There were no treatment interruptions or heart failure worsening for LVEF <50%. No major adverse cardiovascular events were associated with aficamten, and treatmentâemergent adverse events were similar between treatment groups, including atrial fibrillation.
Conclusions:
A siteâbased dosing algorithm targeting the lowest effective aficamten dose reduced left ventricular outflow tract gradient with a favorable safety profile throughout SEQUOIAâHCM
CONTRIBUTION A L'IDENTIFICATION DES BASES MOLECULAIRES D'UNE DYSTROPHIE VALVULAIRE FAMILIALE LIEE AU CHROMOSOME X
NANTES-BU MĂ©decine pharmacie (441092101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF
IntĂ©rĂȘt du traitement par les inhibiteurs de l'HMG-COA rĂ©ductase dans la prĂ©vention de la maladie coronaire du greffon (Ă©tude angiographique chez 225 transplantĂ©s cardiaques)
La maladie coronaire du greffon est la complication principale de la transplantation Ă long terme. La cellule endothĂ©liale est la cible des diverses agressions immunologiques et extra immunologiques qui font basculer le micro environnement vasculaire dans un cercle vicieux associant remodelage et dysfonction endothĂ©liale Ă l'origine des lĂ©sions observĂ©es. Les statines amĂ©liorent la fonction endothĂ©liale indĂ©pendamment de leur effets hypolipĂ©miants. Ces donnĂ©es Ă©tablies initialement in vitro sont confirmĂ©es in vivo dans notre Ă©tude angiographique; les statines doivent donc impĂ©rativement ĂȘtre introduites prĂ©cocement et faire partie du traitement chronique de tout patient transplantĂ© cardiaque.NANTES-BU MĂ©decine pharmacie (441092101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF
Diagnostic biologique préhospitalier des syndromes coronariens aigus sans sus décalage du segment ST
INTRODUCTION : Nous avons Ă©valuĂ© les performances d un test qualitatif rĂ©alisable au domicile du malade, dĂ©tectant la h-FABP (Cardiodetect ), pour affirmer ou infirmĂ© le diagnostic de syndrome coronarien aigu. METHODE ET RESULTATS : Nous avons inclus de maniĂšre prospective 60 malades pris en charge par SOS-mĂ©decin ou le SAMU pour douleur thoracique Ă©voluant depuis au moins 30 minutes avec un Ă©lectrocardiogramme non contributif. Nous avons comparĂ© les performances du Cardiodetect Ă la troponine Ic prĂ©levĂ©e Ă domicile puis Ă six heures et aux CPK. Les sensibilitĂ©s des tests Ă©taient respectivement de 71%, 43%, 86% et 29%. Les spĂ©cificitĂ©s respectives Ă©taient de 98%,98%, 94%, 89%. Les rapports de vraisemblance nĂ©gatifs Ă©taient de 0,29, 0,61, 0,15 et 0,8 et les rapports positifs de 33,6, 20,1, 13,4 et 2,7. CONCLUSION : Le Cardiodetect semble ĂȘtre un test fiable pour Ă©liminer le diagnostic de syndrome coronarien aigu Ă domicile chez les patients n ayant pas un Ă©lectrocardiogramme contributif. La poursuite des inclusions pour un total de 150 patients est indispensable pour confirmer ces rĂ©sultats.NANTES-BU MĂ©decine pharmacie (441092101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF
Acquis et perspectives dans le traitement de l'insuffisance cardiaque
Les études épidémiologiques ont permis de montrer l'augmentation
importante et constante de la prévalence de l'insuffisance cardiaque,
mais aussi la modification du profil des patients parallĂšlement aux
progrÚs thérapeutiques, technologiques intervenus dans le traitement
des pathologies cardiovasculaires. â©Une nouvelle entitĂ© a ainsi a Ă©tĂ© identifiĂ©e dĂ©crite en
particulier chez les sujets ĂągĂ©s : l'insuffisance cardiaque Ă
fraction d'éjection préservée. Cette pathologie reste mal
identifiée, mais ses spécificités cliniques et son pronostic,
ont pu ĂȘtre prĂ©cisĂ©s, alors que le traitement de fond reste
trÚs discuté. Pour l'insuffisance cardiaque avec dysfonction
systolique, les progrĂšs pharmacologiques et techniques, ont permis de
réduire la mortalité globale et subite, et d'allonger la survie,
avec pour corollaire une augmentation du nombre de cas d'insuffisance
cardiaque avancée, et d'hospitalisations pour insuffisance cardiaque
aiguĂ«.â©Les progrĂšs de la chirurgie cardiaque, de la cardiologie
interventionnelle expliquent en partie ces Ă©volutions. ParallĂšlement
les traitements médicamenteux ont évolué passant des
diurétiques et digitaliques à l'utilisation des antagonistes
neurohormonaux dont l'impact sur la survie et la qualité de vie a
été déterminant. La miniaturisation et l'amélioration des
performances des stimulateurs cardiaques et des défibrilllateurs ont
aussi participĂ© Ă ce succĂšs.â©L'angiographie, l'Ă©chocardiographie, l'imagerie par rĂ©sonance
magnétique (IRM) et le BNP (Brain Natriuretic Peptide) ont
transformé la prise en charge au quotidien, amélioré la
compréhension de la physiopathologie et mis en évidence le rÎle
essentiel du remodelage cardiaque et vasculaire.â©Malheureusement les patients restent confrontĂ©s Ă l'Ă©chappement
au traitement précoce ou tardif. La prise en charge globale favorisant
l'observance par les patients et l'application des recommandations
permettent d'améliorer la qualité de vie et la survie et
d'infléchir le coût économique majeur de cette maladie
chronique.â©Les nouvelles approches pharmacologiques sont donc essentielles et les
Ă©tudes des nouveaux inotropes (activateurs de la myosine, modulateurs du
métabolisme énergétique), des nouvelles classes
d'aquarĂ©tiques et de diurĂ©tiques, de mĂȘme que des nouveaux
systĂšmes d'assistance circulatoire ou de cĆur implantable seront
déterminantes
Transplantation cardiaque dans le cadre d'une super urgence 1 (l'expérience nantaise)
La survie post-transplantation cardiaque a diminuĂ© depuis la mise en place des SU1. Le but de cette Ă©tude est d'Ă©valuer si le profil et la survie des patients proposĂ©s Ă la transplantation cardiaque en urgence Ă Nantes se sont modifiĂ©s depuis l'instauration des listes de Super Urgence 1. Nous avons comparĂ© les donnĂ©es cliniques, biologiques, hĂ©modynamiques, les conditions d'attente et la morbi-mortalitĂ© pĂ©riopĂ©ratoire de 19 patients inscrits en Urgence rĂ©gionale entre 2000 et 2004 et 47 patients inscrits en SU1 entre 2004 et 2011. Seules les conditions d'attente varient avec une proportion significativement plus importante de patients SU1 sous assistance circulatoire temporaire. La survie Ă un an n'est pas significativement diffĂ©rente : 89,5 % pour les UR contre 87,3 % pour les SU1. La greffe en urgence Ă Nantes a des rĂ©sultats de survie encourageants mais risque d'ĂȘtre limitĂ©e dans le contexte de pĂ©nurie de greffon.NANTES-BU MĂ©decine pharmacie (441092101) / SudocSudocFranceF
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