Non-perturbative many-body approach to the Hubbard model and single-particle pseudogap

A new approach to the single-band Hubbard model is described in the general context of many-body theories. It is based on enforcing conservation laws, the Pauli principle and a number of crucial sum-rules. More specifically, spin and charge susceptibilities are expressed, in a conserving approximation, as a function of two constant irreducible vertices whose values are found self-consistently. The Mermin-Wagner theorem in two dimensions is automatically satisfied. The effect of collective modes on single-particle properties is then obtained by a paramagnon-like formula that is consistent with the two-particle properties in the sense that the potential energy obtained from $Tr\Sigma G$ is identical to that obtained using the fluctuation-dissipation theorem for susceptibilities. The vertex corrections are included through constant irreducible vertices. The theory is in quantitative agreement with Monte Carlo simulations for both single-particle and two-particle properties. In the two-dimensional renormalized classical regime, spin fluctuations lead to precursors of antiferromagnetic bands (shadow bands) and to the destruction of the Fermi-liquid quasiparticles in a wide temperature range above the zero-temperature phase transition. The analogous phenomenon of pairing pseudogap can occur in the attractive model in two dimensions when the pairing fluctuations become critical. Other many-body approaches are critically compared. It is argued that treating the spin fluctuations as if there was a Migdal's theorem can lead to wrong predictions, in particular with regard to the the single-particle pseudogap.Comment: Small changes to conform to published version. Main text 33 pages. Appendices 16 pages. 11 PS figures epsf/Latex. Section on the single-particle pseudogap can be read independentl

Effect of nonsymmorphic space group on correlation functions in iron-based superconductors

The orbital basis is natural when one needs to calculate the effect of local interactions or to unravel the role of orbital physics in the response to external probes. In systems with nonsymmorphic point groups, such as the iron-based superconductors, we show that symmetries that emerge in observable response functions at certain wave vectors are absent from generalized susceptibilities calculated with tight-binding Hamiltonians in the orbital basis. Such symmetries are recovered only when the generalized susceptibilities are embeded back to the continuum using appropriate matrix elements between basis states. This is illustrated with the case of LiFeAs and is further clarified using a minimal tight-binding Hamiltonian with non-symmorphic space group