A cross-sectional study of the antibiotic resistant prevalence of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Vietnam

Introduction: Antibiotic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae producing extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) is increasing. Accurate evaluation of antibiotic resistance rates in various categories of bacteria assists medical physicians in recommending suitable indications for their medical problems, improving treatment efficiency, and minimizing dangers for patients. As a result, we undertook this research to assess the prevalence of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae as well as the rate of antibiotic resistance in ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 2716 patients at the An Giang Central General Hospital from June 2020 to June 2021. Data collection was based on interviews and used SPSS 18.0 and GraphPad Prism 9 for data analysis and presentation. Samples included urine, blood, sputum, and pus. Samples were treated with the Phoenix 100 automated machine to separate and identify samples. Results: The highest rate was 64.8% for Escherichia coli, followed by 30.2% for Klebsiella pneumoniae. Proteus mirabilis and Klebsiella oxytoca were found in 4.5% and 0.6% of the samples, respectively. Ampicillin resistance was greatest in E. coli (96.5%), K. pneumonia (92.4%), and K oxytoca (83.3%). The frequency of resistance to the other antibiotics was likewise extremely high, approaching 60%. Tobramycin, Amoxicillin/Clavulanate, Cefoxitin, and Nitrofurantoin were totally resistant to K. oxytoca in the ESBL-producing group. E. coli and K. pneumoniae with ESBL-producing genes also have a high antibiotic resistance rate of more than 50%. Conclusion: E. coli was the most common pathogenic bacteria. Most of the species of bacteria resisted Ampicillin

CDIO-based teaching at universities: A case study for students majoring in electrical and electronic engineering technology, Vietnam

In the 1980s of the twentieth century, universities in developed countries began to realize the growing gap between the capabilities of new graduate engineers and the actual requirements of engineering branches. The strong progress of technology requires engineers to have the intellectual abilities and necessary job-specific skills to master that progress. This paper focuses on Conceive, Design, Implement and Operate (CDIO) approach-based teaching for students majoring in electrical and electronic engineering technology at engineering universities in Vietnam to demonstrate the feasibility of the teaching model. The experimental method of synthesizing qualitative and quantitative results for 90 students in control and experimental classes was used. The experimental and control classes both had 45 students. SPSS software version 22 was used to gather data and evaluate the learning results of the two experimental and control groups. According to the findings of the T-test analysis of the independent variables for the two groups, the experimental class performed better in academics and had students in the experimental group who were more satisfied with their post-test scores. This result contributes to confirm that the use of the CDIO-based teaching model in Vietnam is effective for students majoring in electrical and electronic engineering technology

SITUATION OF THE TEACHING PHYSICAL EDUCATION FOR SEVENTH GRADERS IN THAI NGUYEN CITY FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF DIVISION IN EDUCATION

Differentiation-oriented physical education (PE) helps learners participate in learning activities with content and forms suitable to their personal characteristics. Through researching documents, interviews, and pedagogical observations, the project explores the current status of teaching physical education to 7th graders in Thai Nguyen City from the perspective of division in education. The results of this research are an important practical basis to propose measures to organize teaching physical education in a differentiated direction for 7th graders in Thai Nguyen City.  Article visualizations

Comparative Study of Image Denoise Algorithms

Denoising is a pre-processing step in digital image processing system. It is also typical image processing challenges. Many works proposed to solve problem with new approaching. They can be divided into two main categories: spatial-based or transform-based. Some denoising methods apply in both spatial and transform domains. The goal of this paper focuses on reviewing denoise methods, classifying them into different categories, and identifying new trends. Moreover, we do experiments to compare pros, cons of methods in survey

Ammonia oxidation capacity of bacillus bacteria in swine wastewater after biogas treatment

Nitrogen removal with biological methods plays a crucial role in wastewater treatment technology. The treatment begins with the oxidation of ammonia to nitrite to facilitate the subsequent nitrification and denitrification. Various strains of ammonia-oxidising bacteria have been reported. In this study, we use three Bacillus bacteria isolated from swine wastewater to oxidise ammonia. Different initial densities (103, 104, 105, and 106 CFU·mL–1) of each strain were examined. The results show that the combination of all the bacteria at a ratio of 1:1:1 and a density of 105 CFU·mL–1 exhibits the most effect. The findings contribute to the diversity of ammonia-oxidising bacterial species and pose a great potential for applying these strains in wastewater treatment

Effect of Organic Loading Rates on Performance of Treating Dairy Wastewater in a Lab-Scale Sequencing Batch Reactor

This study aims to investigate, the effect of organic loading rates (OLRs), nutrient ratio addition, and sludge retention time (SRT) on treating dairy wastewater in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) system. This investigation is verified by experiments conducted in 3 phases at 3 different OLRs (1.8, 1.2, and 0.9 kg/m3d, respectively).  Urea ((NH2)2CO) is added to make a suitable (COD:N:P) ratio of (100:5:1) in dairy wastewater. The SRT is adjusted from 50 days to an appropriate value of 18 days. The obtained results show that the COD, TN, and TP removal efficiencies are increased with decreasing OLRs. Sludge concentration in the SBR tank is stable at 1100 mg/L after adding (NH2)2CO. In addition, the SBR operated at a suitable SRT (i.e. 18 days) helps the biomass stably, resulting in enhancement of COD, TN, and TP removal. The results are helpful to the design of SBR for treating dairy wastewater