Diversidad e incidencia de hongos asociados a enfermedades foliares de la avena (Avena sativa L.) en los valles altos de México

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar las especies de hongos asociados a enfermedades foliares de la avena en los Valles Altos de México. Durante los ciclos agrícolas primavera–verano 2009 y 2010, se recolectaron en 163 sitios diferentes un total de 815 muestras de plantas de avena exhibiendo síntomas de enfermedades foliares y signos en el caso de royas. La identificación de los hongos se basó en caracteres morfológicos. Se identificaron seis especies de hongos fitopatógenos: Colletotrichum graminicola, Curvularia hawaiiensis, Drechslera avenacea, Passalora graminis, Puccinia coronata y Puccinia graminis f. sp. avenae. Además, se encontraron cinco especies de hongos saprófitos o patógenos débiles: Alternaria triticicola, A. triticina, A. uredinis, Curvularia protuberata y Pleospora sp. Los hongos fitopatógenos que presentaron mayor frecuencia fueron: P. graminis f. sp. avenae (73%), P. coronata (61%) y D. avenacea (19%).The aim of this study was to determine the fungal species associated to foliar diseases on oat in the highlands of Mexico. During spring-fall seasons 2009 and 2010, a total of 815 samples of oat plants exhibiting foliar diseases were collected from 163 different oat fields. Fungal identification was based on morphological characteristics. Six different pathogenic fungal species were identified: Colletotrichum graminicola, Curvularia hawaiiensis, Drechslera avenacea, Passalora graminis, Puccina coronata, Puccinia graminis f. sp. avenae. Whereas, that the saprophytic and weakly pathogenic fungi founded were: Alternaria triticicola, A. triticina, A. uredinis, Curvularia protuberata y Pleospora sp. The species P. graminis f. sp. avenae (73%), P. coronata (61%) and D. avenacea (19%) were the pathogenic fungi most frequently founded.Gerencia de Comunicación e Imagen InstitucionalFil: García-León, E. Colegio de Postgraduados. Instituto de Fitosanidad. Fitopatología; MéxicoFil: Leyva-Mir, S.G. Universidad Autónoma Chapingo. Departamento de Parasitología Agrícola; México.Fil: Villaseñor-Mir, H.E. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias. Campo Experimental del Valle de México; México.Fil: Rodríguez-García, M.F. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias. Campo Experimental del Valle de México; México.Fil: Tovar-Pedraza, J.M. Colegio de Postgraduados. Instituto de Fitosanidad. Fitopatología; Méxic

Genetic diversity and population structure of Lasiodiplodia theobromae from different hosts in northeastern Brazil and Mexico

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Rêgo, T.J.S., Elena, G., Correia, K.C., Tovar‐Pedraza, J.M., Câmara, M.P.S., Armengol, J., Michereff, S.J. and Berbegal, M. (2019), Genetic diversity and population structure of Lasiodiplodia theobromae from different hosts in northeastern Brazil and Mexico. Plant Pathol, 68: 930-938. doi:10.1111/ppa.12997 , which has been published in final form athttps://doi.org/10.1111/ppa.12997. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.[EN] Lasiodiplodia theobromae is one of the most frequent fungal pathogens associated with dieback, gummosis, leaf spot, stem-end rot and fruit rot symptoms in cashew, mango, papaya and grapevine. In this study, the variation in the genetic diversity of 117 L. theobromae isolates from northeastern Brazil (n = 100) and Mexico (n = 17), which were collected from these four crops, was analysed using microsatellite markers. The results revealed low genetic diversity among L. theobromae populations and the existence of two genetic groups. All Mexican isolates were grouped with Brazilian isolates, suggesting a low level of differentiation between these populations. Furthermore, no evident host or climate-based population differentiation was observed for L. theobromae in Brazil. The populations studied were mostly clonal, but additional studies are needed to better understand the mode of reproduction of the pathogen. The low genetic diversity of L. theobromae populations in northeastern Brazil suggests that resistant cultivars could be used as a durable management strategy to reduce the impact of the diseases caused by this pathogen.This study was financially supported by CoordenacAo de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior - CAPES, 'Ciencia sem Fronteiras - CAPES' (number 88881.132070/2016-01) and the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia. 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