A Clinical Study of Photodynamic Therapy for Superficial Esophageal Carcinoma by YAG-OPO Laser

A cooperative clinical study of photodynamic therapy (PDT) for superficial esophageal carcinoma was conducted at 6 medical institution. PHE (2mg/kg) with high tumor affinity was used as the oncotropic compound. The light source was a pulse wave YAG-OPO laser with high penetration into the tissue. Irradiation was performed at an energy density of 60–180 J/cm2 48–72 h after PHE administration. Eight lesions in 6 patients were treated. All were type 0-II superficial carcinomas. The depth of invasion was EP–MM for 6 lesions and SM for 2 lesions. A complete response (CR) was achieved in all patients after one session of PDT. Five adverse events, including anemia and fever, were reported by 4 patients, but all were WHO grade 2 or lower and transient. PDT using PHE and YAG-OPO laser was therefore considered effective as a curative therapy for superficial esophageal carcinoma

Cooperative Clinical Trial of Photodynamic Therapy for Early Gastric Cancer With Photofrin Injection® and YAG-OPO Laser

Background and Objective: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) treats malignant tumors using photosensitizers and light. We employed a new pulse laser as the excitation light source for PDT, i.e. an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) system pumped by a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser, because it provides extremely high peak power

Isozyme Variation in Natural Populations of Chamaecyparis obtusa Disatributed around the South Japan Alps

南アルプスの大井川，天竜川流域の各2集団計4集団について，平板ポリアクリルアミドゲル垂直電気泳動法により，6酵素種7遺伝子座のアイソザイム分析を行い，集団の遺伝的変異について検討した。分析した酵素種は，グルコース6リン酸脱水素酵素（G6PD），6-ホスホグルコン酸脱水素酵素（6PGD），グルコキナーゼ（GK），ホスホグルコムターゼ（PGM），アスパラギン酸アミノ転移酵素（GOT），パーオキシターゼ（POD）である。これら集団の平均ヘテロ接合体率は0.255，集団間の遺伝的分化の程度を示すCSTは0.019であった。すなわち，これらの集団の分化の程度は低く，似通った遺伝的特徴を備えていると判断された。また，本研究およびUCHIDAら（1991）の結果から，南アルプスの静岡県側に分布するヒノキ天然林全体について，集団間の分化の程度が低いことが推定された。The genetic variation of four natural populations of Chamaecyparis obtusa distributed around the South Japan Alps was investigated. Six enzyme systems with 7 loci were surveyed by polyacrylamide vertical slab gel electrophoresis. Surveyed enzyme systems were Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD), Glucokinase (GK), Phosphoglucomtase (PGM), Glutamate oxialoacetate transaminase (GOT) and Peroxidase (POD). Mean expected heterozygosity of the four populations was 0.255 and GST, which is an index of gene diversity between populations, was 0.019. The genetic distance between populations was 0.004-0.014 indicating that there is little genetic differentiation between these four populations. Based on the results of the present paper and UCHIDA (1991), we discerned that the natural populations of Chamaecyparis obtusa distributed around the Shizuoka Prefecture side of the South Japan Alps are hardly differentiated genetically