Approximate Analysis of Optimal Operating Policies for a GI/G/1 Queueing System

In this paper, applying a method of diffusion approximation, we consider optimal operating policies for a GI/G/1 queueing system with a removable server. The following costs are incurred in the system : a cost per unit time of keeping the server running, fixed costs for turning the server on or off, and a holding cost per customer in the system per unit time. The average cost rate is used as a criterion for optimality. By using a couple of diffusion processes that approximate the number of customers in the system, an explicit form of the average cost rate is derived. Furthermore, some sufficient conditions under which the optimal operating policy falls into specific forms are obtained. It is examined numerically how the boundary condition at the origin of the diffusion process effects the optimal operating policy and its cost

Strong and Specific Recognition of CAG/CTG Repeat DNA (5'-dWGCWGCW-3') by a Cyclic Pyrrole-Imidazole Polyamide

Abnormally expanded CAG/CTG repeat DNA sequences lead to a variety of neurological diseases, such as Huntington's disease. Here, we synthesized a cyclic pyrrole-imidazole polyamide (cPIP), which can bind to the minor groove of the CAG/CTG DNA sequence. The double-stranded DNA melting temperature (Tm ) and surface plasmon resonance assays revealed the high binding affinity of the cPIP. In addition, next-generation sequencing showed that the cPIP had high specificity for its target DNA sequence

An Unbiased CO Survey Toward the Northern Region of the Small Magellanic Cloud with the Atacama Compact Array. II. CO Cloud Catalog

The nature of molecular clouds and their statistical behavior in sub-solar metallicity environments are not fully explored yet. We analyzed an unbiased CO($J$ = 2-1) survey data at a spatial resolution of $\sim$2 pc in the northern region of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) with the Atacama Compact Array to characterize the CO cloud properties. A cloud decomposition analysis identified 426 spatially/velocity-independent CO clouds and their substructures. Based on the cross-matching with known infrared catalogs by Spitzer and Herschel, more than 90% CO clouds show spatial correlations with point sources. We investigated the basic properties of the CO clouds and found that the radius-velocity linewidth ($R$-$\sigma_{v}$) relation follows the Milky Way (MW) like power-low exponent, but the intercept is $\sim$1.5 times lower than that in the MW. The mass functions ($dN/dM$) of the CO luminosity and virial mass are characterized by an exponent of $\sim$1.7, which is consistent with previously reported values in the Large Magellanic Cloud and MW.Comment: 18 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journa